Article
Substance Abuse
Kylie Morphett, Wayne Hall, Coral Gartner
Summary: This article discusses the misapplication of the precautionary principle in Australia's regulation of nicotine vaping products, highlighting the failure to consider similar products, the imposition of disproportionate regulations, and the lack of cost/benefit analysis. It suggests using the precautionary principle to regulate nicotine products in proportion to their risks.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Michael Dunbar, Claude M. Setodji, Steven C. Martino, Desmond Jensen, Rosemary Li, Armenda Bialas, William G. Shadel
Summary: An experiment found that banning the sale of certain flavors of tobacco products may increase the intention of adolescents who have already started vaping to use tobacco-flavored vaping products. However, further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of such bans.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kinga Polanska, Dorota Kaleta
Summary: The study evaluated compliance with the ban on tobacco and e-cigarette advertising at point of sale in Poland before and after amendment of the Tobacco Control Act. Despite a decrease in some forms of tobacco advertising, there was a significant increase in e-cigarette advertising, highlighting the need for better enforcement of regulations and public education on legal responsibilities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Riccardo Polosa, Thomas B. Casale, Donald P. Tashkin
Summary: Vaping among adolescents and young adults is a concern due to the potential risk of starting smoking and negative effects on lung development. While EC use has increased in this demographic over the past decade, it has fortunately declined since 2019. Smoking rates have also consistently decreased during this time, suggesting that EC use is not a gateway to smoking. Most EC users are infrequent users and unlikely to experience negative health consequences. Additionally, EC usage is predominantly seen among those who have previously smoked. However, there is a lack of data on the long-term health implications of EC use in this population, warranting further studies. Although vaping has been associated with respiratory symptoms, they are typically transient and of uncertain significance.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shirley A. James, John G. Heller, Chantel J. Hartman, Andrew C. Schaff, Nasir Mushtaq, Laura A. Beebe
Summary: This study in Oklahoma found that convenience stores have a higher adjusted prevalence ratio for engaging in smokeless tobacco marketing strategies, such as youth promotion, price promotion, and storefront advertising. Metropolitan tobacco retailers also had higher adjusted prevalence ratios for youth promotion and storefront advertising. These findings suggest that there are ample opportunities for both youth and adults at risk for tobacco initiation to be exposed to smokeless tobacco products in the retail environment.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael J. Parks, Megan E. Patrick
Summary: Nicotine and marijuana vaping among U.S. adolescents are significant public health concerns. This study investigates the protective factors for vaping using the healthy youth development perspective. The findings suggest that cumulative assets, particularly social competence and positive peer norms, can help prevent vaping among adolescents.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Anna Maria Abi Nehme, XiangYang Lou, Xinyu Yan, Ji-Hyun Lee, Ramzi G. Salloum
Summary: This study evaluated the patterns and factors influencing smoking cessation among dual users of e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes. The results showed that using e-cigarettes has the potential to aid in smoking cessation, but demographic and smoking habit factors have an impact on the outcome of quitting smoking.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Shannon Gravely, Gang Meng, David Hammond, Andrew Hyland, K. Michael Cummings, Ron Borland, Karin A. Kasza, Hua-Hie Yong, Mary E. Thompson, Anne C. K. Quah, Janine Ouimet, Nadia Martin, Richard J. O'Connor, Katherine A. East, Ann McNeill, Christian Boudreau, David T. Levy, David T. Sweanor, Geoffrey T. Fong
Summary: Daily use of NVPs is associated with increased attempts to quit smoking and abstinence from smoking cigarettes. Those who started daily vaping were more likely to attempt to quit smoking and successfully quit compared to those who did not vape.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Grigorios Chatziparasidis, Ahmad Kantar
Summary: Adolescence is a crucial period that significantly influences youths' attitudes and perceptions. Adolescents with asthma may engage in risky behaviors, such as smoking and vaping, leading to unexpected exacerbations and consequences. Vaping has gained popularity among this age group and has potential adverse effects on asthmatic airways.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Connor R. Miller, Hangchuan Shi, Dongmei Li, Maciej L. Goniewicz
Summary: This study found that current vaping and smoking were both associated with higher odds of hypertension, with individuals who were both smoking and vaping having the highest odds. These results differ somewhat from prior studies and highlight the uncertainty surrounding the long-term health consequences of vaping.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Lucia M. Wagner, Sara M. Clifton
Summary: Since the introduction of electronic cigarettes to the U.S. market in 2007, vaping prevalence has increased significantly in adult and adolescent populations. Concerns have been raised by the U.S. government and health professionals about the attraction of e-cigarettes to young non-smokers. A dynamical systems model was developed to analyze the competition between traditional and electronic cigarettes, predicting changes in smoking prevalence and determining the conditions under which e-cigarettes may benefit or harm society's public health.
Article
Substance Abuse
Abby Hunter, Judith Yargawa, Caitlin Notley, Michael Ussher, Alex Bobak, Rachael L. Murray, Srabani Nath, Sue Cooper
Summary: This study used interviews to explore healthcare professionals' attitudes and behaviors towards vaping in pregnancy, finding that lack of capability, opportunity, and motivation hinder discussions about vaping as a smoking cessation tool, highlighting the need for targeted training in this area.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
MeLisa R. Creamer, Lauren M. Dutra, Saida R. Sharapova, Andrea S. Gentzke, Kevin L. Delucchi, Ruben A. Smith, Stanton A. Glantz
Summary: The introduction of e-cigarettes in the US was followed by a slowing decline in current cigarette smoking and an acceleration in the decline of ever cigarette smoking. Traditional psychosocial risk factors suggest that most current cigarette smokers may continue smoking, while only a small percentage of current e-cigarette users may switch to cigarettes in the future.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ryzen Benson, Mengke Hu, Annie T. Chen, Shu-Hong Zhu, Mike Conway
Summary: The study compared topics frequently discussed among Reddit members in cannabis, tobacco, and ENDS-specific subreddits. Cannabis-specific discussions included personal experiences, legislation, health effects, methods, forms, and cultivation. Tobacco-specific discussions focused on brands, types, smoking cessation experiences, and advice. ENDS-specific discussions included accessories, flavors, procurement, and smoking cessation.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lauren A. Gardner, Amy-Leigh Rowe, Emily Stockings, Katrina E. Champion, Leanne Hides, Nyanda McBride, Steve Allsop, Siobhan O'Dean, Matthew Sunderland, Yong Yi Lee, Cathy Mihalopoulos, Becky Freeman, Janni Leung, Hayden McRobbie, Lexine Stapinski, Nicole Lee, Louise Thornton, Jennifer Debenham, Maree Teesson, Nicola C. Newton
Summary: This article describes the protocol of the OurFutures Vaping Trial, which aims to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a school-based eHealth intervention targeting e-cigarettes in Australia. The study will be conducted through a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial and will involve web-based cartoon lessons and activities. The research will also examine the long-term cost-effectiveness and effects on primary and secondary outcomes.
Letter
Substance Abuse
Crawford Moodie, Catherine Best, Nathan Critchlow, Martine Stead, Sara C. Hitchman, Ann McNeill
Article
Substance Abuse
Crawford Moodie, Catherine Best, Sara C. Hitchman, Nathan Critchlow, Anne-Marie Mackintosh, Ann McNeill, Martine Stead
Summary: The study findings suggest that standardized packaging has had the intended impacts on smokers, including increasing the noticeability of warning labels, diminishing the appeal and value of cigarettes/rolling tobacco compared to before, and strengthening disagreement on the presence of more harmful substances in certain brands. There were no significant differences in responses to standardized packaging based on social grade.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Catherine Susan Best, Ashley Brown, Kate Hunt
Summary: The implementation of the smoke-free prison policy in Scotland resulted in a significant decrease in spending on nicotine-related products among prisoners. However, nicotine products still accounted for a substantial proportion of canteen spend, indicating that many prisoners may continue to use nicotine in smoke-free prisons where e-cigarettes are permitted.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabriela Carrillo-Balam, Lawrence Doi, Louise Marryat, Andrew James Williams, Paul Bradshaw, John Frank
Summary: The study analyzed data from the Growing Up in Scotland cohort to predict obesity at age 12 based on information collected at age 5-6. Six predictors of obesity were identified: maternal body mass index, indoor smoking, equivalized income quintile, child's sex, child's BMI at age 5-6, and ACEs. The models showed good predictive accuracy but highlighted challenges in managing the referral burden in the Scottish treatment system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Nicola McMeekin, Olivia Wu, Kathleen Anne Boyd, Ashley Brown, Emily J. Tweed, Catherine Best, Peter Craig, Alastair H. Leyland, Evangelia Demou, Tom Byrne, Jill Pell, Sean Semple, Helen Sweeting, Lesley Graham, Kate Hunt
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a smoke-free prison policy in Scotland, finding that implementing the policy leads to cost savings and health improvements for both people in custody and staff in the short term and long term.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
John W. Frank
Summary: This commentary highlights the importance of using the primordial prevention approach to combat the obesity pandemic, which may require significant societal behavioral and cultural changes, making the public health struggle a long one.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Martine Stead, Douglas Eadie, Richard Purves, Jennifer McKell, Nathan Critchlow, Kathryn Angus, Colin Angus, Niamh Fitzgerald
Summary: Minimum unit pricing for alcohol (MUP) has had minimal impact on small retailers in Scotland, with many expressing support for the measure and finding it beneficial in reducing problem drinking and improving competition with larger retailers/supermarkets.
DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suzanne M. M. Zaremba, Martine Stead, Jennifer McKell, Ronan E. O'Carroll, Nanette Mutrie, Shaun Treweek, Annie S. Anderson
Summary: The ActWELL trial examined the effectiveness of a weight management program delivered by volunteer lifestyle coaches in women attending breast clinics. The study found that greater adherence to the weight self-awareness plan initiated by the coaches was associated with achieving a 5% weight loss.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
John Frank, Rosemary Foster, Claudia Pagliari
Summary: The international scholarly publishing community has been engaged in a divisive debate about the funding model for scientific research dissemination for the past twenty years, and recent commentaries suggest that the issue is far from resolved. This narrative review examines the deep divisions among stakeholders in the field, explores the systemic factors driving these divisions, and considers the future prospects of implementing the intended benefits of Open Access (OA) while mitigating its risks and costs. The review also highlights the inequities of OA for junior or unfunded researchers and scholars from resource-poor environments, who face discrimination and injustice due to Article Processing Charges.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Somya Mullapudi, Muralidhar M. Kulkarni, Veena G. Kamath, John Britton, Crawford Moodie, Asha Kamath
Summary: The study suggests that health warnings are perceived as most effective in discouraging smoking among college students in Karnataka, India. However, non-health related warnings are also viewed as effective by at least one in three participants. Warnings on cigarette sticks may help complement warnings on cigarette packs.
TOBACCO INDUCED DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Naglaa Youssef, Ashley Shepherd, Catherine Best, Suzanne Hagen, William Mackay, Debbie Waddell, Hanan El Sebaee
Summary: This study evaluated the catheter-specific quality of life of patients in Egypt using a convenience sample of 141 patients. It found that urinary catheter significantly affected patients' daily lives, and this impact was associated with their inpatient/outpatient status and the material of the catheter. The study highlights the importance of assessing catheter function and its impact on quality of life, and suggests the need for evidence-based educational programs to enhance patients' self-care abilities and relieve their distress.
Article
Sport Sciences
Ailsa Niven, James A. A. Ainge, Mary Allison, Trish Gorely, Paul Kelly, Gozde Ozakinci, Gemma C. C. Ryde, Simone A. A. Tomaz, Samuel Warne, Victoria Whiteford, Carl Greenwood
Summary: This article discusses the partnership between Paths for All and researchers in promoting physical activity. The partnership has evolved and strengthened over time through building trust, and the research activities provide an evidence base for interventions. This collaboration benefits both the organization and researchers.
FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Nathan Critchlow, Kate Hunt, Heather Wardle, Martine Stead
Summary: This study examines the changes in expenditure on gambling advertising during national COVID-19 lockdowns and finds that the expenditure decreased significantly during the first lockdown, which is consistent with the overall reduction in gambling behavior. However, the expenditure increased during the second and third lockdowns, suggesting a potential correlation with increased gambling behavior.
JOURNAL OF GAMBLING STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
John W. Frank, Etsuko Matsunaga
Summary: This study assesses the practices and quality of High-Income Countries' monitoring of Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health (SIH) through routine data collection and analysis systems. The findings show that most countries do not have a routine monitoring system for SIH, except for England and Scotland. Establishing such a monitoring system may be necessary for reducing socioeconomic inequalities.
CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)