Journal
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
Volume 26, Issue 3, Pages 828-841Publisher
WILEY-HINDAWI
DOI: 10.1111/anu.13042
Keywords
Aspergillus oryzae; digestive enzymes; immunity; Nile tilapia; oxidative status; palm dates
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Five diets were prepared to include date palm seed meal (DSM) fermented with Aspergillus oryzae (ASP) at 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/kg diet and fed for Nile tilapia (26.93 +/- 0.01 g) for 8 weeks. Fermented DSM significantly affected the final weight, weight gain and specific growth rate in a dose-dependent manner (p = .001) with insignificant differences in feed conversion ratio (p > .05). Dietary fermented DSM significantly increased the lipase, amylase and protease activities (p = .008, p = .001 and p = .01, respectively) and the Hb, RBCs and WBCs (p = .001, p = .005, and p = .009, respectively). The intestinal villus length and number of goblet cells were significantly affected by fermented DSM inclusion (p < .05). Additionally, the total protein, albumin and globulin significantly affected by the inclusion of fermented DSM in a dose-dependent manner (p = .04, p = .045, and p = .03, respectively). Furthermore, dietary fermented DSM significantly altered the phagocytic index, phagocytic activity and lysozyme activity (p = .001, p = .045 and p = .04, respectively). Based on the polynomial regression analysis, the inclusion of fermented DSM at 103.3-164.8 g/kg diet can be used effectively in tilapia diets for improving the growth, digestion activity and immune response.
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