Article
Thermodynamics
Mario Holik, Marija Zivic, Zdravko Virag, Antun Barac, Milan Vujanovic, Jurij Avsec
Summary: This study explored the utilization of waste-heat through Rankine cycle and organic Rankine cycle, finding that Rankine cycle is more economical. The proposed method could be used to analyze the investment profitability of waste heat utilization in other cogeneration plants.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
George Kallis, Tryfon C. Roumpedakis, Platon Pallis, Zoi Koutantzi, Antonios Charalampidis, Sotirios Karellas
Summary: The Marine ORC prototype unit is a waste heat recovery system based on a conventional low-temperature subcritical Organic Rankine Cycle. The system has shown improved environmental performance in several impact categories, but also has some negative effects, such as mineral resource consumption and terrestrial ecotoxicity.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jui-Ching Hsieh, Chun-Chieh Lai, Yen-Hsun Chen
Summary: The performance and economy of a waste heat recovery system with a fin tube heat exchanger and an organic Rankine cycle system were investigated. It was found that the temperature and mass flow rate of the flue gas had positive and negative effects on the output power, while the evaporation temperature had a positive effect on the effectiveness of the heat exchanger. Furthermore, the system performance and economy can be improved by adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid through the expander.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yurong Liu, Minglei Yang, Yuxing Ding, Meihong Wang, Feng Qian
Summary: This study optimizes a low-grade heat recovery model for petrochemical plants by integrating the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) with heat exchanger network (HEN). The steady-state model is developed, and the ORC operation conditions are optimized. The thermodynamics and economic analysis show improved system performance with increased heat recovery, higher exergy efficiency, and reduced annual cost.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xia Zhou, Hanwei Zhang, Yangyiming Rong, Jian Song, Song Fang, Zhuoren Xu, Xiaoqin Zhi, Kai Wang, Limin Qiu, Christos N. Markides
Summary: The annual energy consumption of cryogenic air separation units in China is high, with a significant amount of energy dissipated as waste heat during compression processes. The use of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) based waste heat recovery systems can effectively recover and utilize this waste heat, bringing economic and environmental benefits. Case studies and analysis show that the ORC-m-VCR system performs the best when the expansion work-electricity conversion efficiency is low.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jinbo Qu, Yongming Feng, Yuanqing Zhu, Song Zhou, Wenping Zhang
Summary: In the context of global decarbonization, there is increasing focus on improving the energy efficiency of marine power plants, with the use of a high-efficiency waste heat recovery system that can generate up to 1,079.1 KW of power at 100% load. The system demonstrated stable operation and high thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency at 90% load. Further techno-economic evaluation showed a payback period of 5.2 years for the system.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mengting Song, Yu Zhuang, Lei Zhang, Weida Li, Jian Du, Shengqiang Shen
Summary: The study proposed a SOFC-RC-KC system combining Rankine Cycle and Kalina Cycle with SOFC to maximize power generation by optimizing parameters, and compared the effects of sequential and simultaneous optimization.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Andres Hernandez, Fredy Ruiz, Sergei Gusev, Robin De Keyser, Sylvain Quoilin, Vincent Lemort
Summary: This paper introduces a multiple model predictive controller suitable for industrial applications to enhance the energy efficiency of waste heat recovery systems, especially under conditions of complex time-varying nonlinear dynamics. Experimental results demonstrate that the controller can stabilize the cycle throughout the operating range and increase the net electrical energy production by at least 6%.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinyue Zhao, Heng Chen, Sarengaowa Li, Wenchao Li, Peiyuan Pan, Tao Liu, Lining Wu, Gang Xu
Summary: A novel design integrating waste tire pyrolysis, silicon production waste heat recovery, and organic Rankine cycle has been developed. Waste tires are converted into pyrolysis oil and carbon, while the waste heat generated by silicon production is recovered to generate additional electricity. The study investigates the thermodynamics and techno-economics of the hybrid system, showing that it is advantageous in terms of energy efficiency and economic viability.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Long Lyu, Ankang Kan, Wu Chen, Yuan Zhang, Bingchun Fu
Summary: This paper introduced an environmental method of generating electricity by recovering waste heat from a marine main engine, using organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology to minimize carbon dioxide emissions for ships. The study analyzed the impact of various engine loads and operating times on the performance of the ORC system using three different dry-type substances. The results showed that Cyclohexane provided net power while Benzene was more efficient in terms of thermal efficiency. The study also provided emission data based on a voyage cycle of a container ship.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Lixia Kang, Jianping Tang, Yongzhong Liu
Summary: This paper presents a three-step method for designing the optimal ORC waste heat recovery system that meets the requirements of multi-period and multi-source heat recovery. The method involves selecting candidate working fluids and WHRS cycles, establishing a multi-source and multi-cycle WHRS model, and finalizing the design using a time-sharing model.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bingchun Liu, Mengya Jia, Yu Liu
Summary: Waste heat recycling has great potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A prediction model forecasts China's energy consumption under different climate scenarios and estimates the potential of waste heat recycling. The results show significant potential for waste heat recycling and economic feasibility.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hanying Jiang, Yangyiming Rong, Xia Zhou, Song Fang, Kai Wang, Xiaoqin Zhi, Limin Qiu
Summary: The power consumption of the compression process in air separation units can be significantly reduced by precooling the inlet air with an organic Rankine cycle and vapor compression cycle (ORC-VCR). This paper presents an experimental assessment of a compression heat recovery system based on ORC-VCR for air separation units. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system, with a high cooling capacity and stable operation.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
E. Galloni
Summary: The study investigates the potential of an ORC-based heat recovery system for light duty vehicles and analyzes its performance at different cruising speeds. It is found that the system operation needs to be carefully adjusted according to the engine operating point, leading to a recovery of nearly 6% of heat carried by exhaust gases on average.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Mohammad Ja'fari, Muhammad Imran Khan, Sami G. Al-Ghamdi, Artur J. Jaworski, Faisal Asfand
Summary: In energy intensive industries, the use of ORC technology for waste heat recovery can enhance energy efficiency, reduce carbon emissions, and provide a solution for energy saving in the iron and steel sector, contributing to the fight against climate change.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Tommy Powell, Ryan O'Donnell, Mark Hoffman, Zoran Filipi, Eric H. Jordan, Rishi Kumar, Nick J. Killingsworth
Summary: Heat transfer greatly affects homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion, and applying thermal barrier coatings can reduce heat transfer, leading to improvements in thermal and combustion efficiency without impacting intake charge. Increasing porosity fraction to lower thermal conductivity and capacity can enhance temperature swing behavior. By utilizing a solution precursor plasma spray process to create structured porosity, tangible gains in combustion and thermal efficiencies can be achieved.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zoran Filipi, Mark Hoffman, Ryan O'Donnell, Tommy Powell, Eric Jordan, Rishi Kumar
Summary: The study confirmed the benefits of achieving a dynamic temperature swing on the combustion chamber surface for improved thermal and combustion efficiencies of homogeneous charge compression ignition engines. Experimental investigations focused on introducing structured porosity in yttria-stabilized zirconia coatings, resulting in additional incremental improvements and limitations related to surface roughness and fuel interactions. Utilizing a low conductivity material on the piston top extended the low-load homogeneous charge compression ignition operability limit and showed potential for significant improvements in combustion efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bin Xu, Xiaoya Li
Summary: This study proposes a new model-free reinforcement learning method for online transient power optimization of ORC-WHR system, showcasing its advantages in power optimization.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
S. Gelmini, M. A. Hoffmann, S. Onori
Summary: This paper investigates the use of a Dual Extended Kalman Filter (dEKF) for estimating the oxygen storage level and capacity of a Three way catalyst (TWC), based on a physics-based TWC model developed by the authors. The observer is experimentally validated and performance evaluated on a chassis dynamometer, showing that different sensor technologies can affect observability properties and estimation performance. Moreover, a Fisher information quantity study is presented to provide quantitative guidelines for optimizing TWC sensor design, with switch-type oxygen sensors being found to lead to a loss of observability.
CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shradhdha Sarvaiya, Sachin Ganesh, Bin Xu
Summary: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) bridge the gap between traditional internal combustion engine vehicles and electric motor-powered vehicles. Battery life evaluation and Energy Management Strategy (EMS) play crucial roles in prolonging battery lifespan. This research compares different control strategies for battery life optimization, emphasizing the impact of parameters like temperature and current on battery aging.
Article
Thermodynamics
Piyush Girade, Harsh Shah, Karan Kaushik, Akil Patheria, Bin Xu
Summary: This paper introduces two new energy management strategies, with the Adaptive-ECMS being suitable for urban driving conditions and the Cost Optimization for Finite Horizon strategy being suitable for highway driving conditions. The new strategies show an average fuel economy improvement of 5% compared to the baseline strategy.
Article
Thermodynamics
Bin Xu, Junzhe Shi, Sixu Li, Huayi Li, Zhe Wang
Summary: The study proposes a Q-learning-based strategy to reduce battery degradation and energy consumption in battery/ultracapacitor electric vehicles. Compared with a baseline vehicle without ultracapacitor, the Q-learning strategy is shown to slow down battery degradation by 13-20% and increase vehicle range by 1.5-2% during learning and validation driving cycles.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Abdullah-al Mamun, Qilun Zhu, Mark Hoffman, Simona Onori
Summary: The study developed a physics-based TWC model for air-fuel ratio control using an MPC strategy, which can follow the nonlinear model with minimal error during normal operation. The LMPC framework developed from the linearized TWC oxygen storage model proved suitable for tracking a desired oxygen storage level.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Akhil Hannegudda Ganesh, Bin Xu
Summary: This article discusses the impact of internal combustion engine-powered automobiles on climate change and the progress of electrified powertrains, focusing on the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) based algorithms in the field. It reviews the recent research and potential solutions for challenges in the area of RL-based EMS.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Bin Xu, Quan Zhou, Junzhe Shi, Sixu Li
Summary: Reinforcement learning has been applied in optimizing the supervisory control system of an electric vehicle, considering two design targets, energy efficiency and battery life, with the proposed hierarchical Q-learning network showing superior performance compared to baseline methods.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Junzhe Shi, Bin Xu, Xingyu Zhou, Jun Hou
Summary: This study combines passenger load prediction, dynamic programming algorithm, and rule extraction with cloud technology to achieve optimized energy management strategy for hybrid-electric city buses. The proposed framework leads to 4% and 11% lower bus operating costs in peak and off-peak hours.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Junzhe Shi, Bin Xu, Yimin Shen, Jingbo Wu
Summary: This paper proposes a low computational cost EMS for hybrid battery/ultracapacitor electric buses, which effectively reduces energy consumption and battery life degradation through the use of V2C technology and optimized control rules.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bin Xu, Junzhe Shi, Sixu Li, Huayi Li
Summary: This study presents a research on driving cycle pattern recognition based on supervised learning and proposes two hierarchical frameworks to improve recognition accuracy. The results demonstrate great potential of these methods in fuel economy improvement.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Bin Xu, Xiaolin Tang, Xiaosong Hu, Xianke Lin, Huayi Li, Dhruvang Rathod, Zhe Wang
Summary: The study investigates the adaptability of Q-learning based supervisory control for HEVs, comparing it with other control strategies and finding that the Q-learning control shows strong adaptability under different conditions, leading the fuel economy among all supervisory controls in all three varying conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hai Zhao, Puzhen Gao, Xiaochang Li, Ruifeng Tian, Hongyang Wei, Sichao Tan
Summary: This study numerically investigates the interaction between flow-induced vibration and forced convection heat transfer in a tube bundle. The results show that the impact of flow-induced vibration on heat transfer varies in different flow velocity regions.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rohit Chintala, Jon Winkler, Sugirdhalakshmi Ramaraj, Xin Jin
Summary: The current state of fault detection and diagnosis for residential air-conditioning systems is expensive and not suitable for widespread implementation. This paper proposes a cost-effective solution by introducing an automated fault detection algorithm as a screening step before more expensive tests can be conducted. The algorithm uses home thermostats and local weather information to identify thermodynamic parameters and detect high-impact air-conditioning faults.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Azimi, N. Basiri, M. Eslami
Summary: This paper presents a novel optimization algorithm for improving the water-film cooling system of photovoltaic panels, resulting in a significant increase in net energy generation.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Duc-Thuan Phung, Chin-Hsiang Cheng
Summary: In this study, a novel CFDMD model is used to analyze and investigate the behavior of thermal-lag engines (TLE). The study shows that the CFDMD model effectively captures the thermodynamic behavior of the working gas and the dynamic behavior of the engine mechanism. Additionally, the study explores the temporal evolution of engine speed and the influence of various parameters on shaft power and brake thermal efficiency. The research also reveals the existence of a thermal-lag phenomenon in TLE.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Haiying Yang, Yinjie Shen, Lin Li, Yichen Pan, Ping Yang
Summary: The purpose of this article is to find a measure to improve the interfacial thermal transfer of graphene/silicon heterojunction. Through molecular dynamics simulation, it is found that surface modification can significantly reduce the thermal resistance, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the graphene/silicon interface.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qiong Wu, Yancheng Wang, Haonan Zhou, Xingye Qiu, Deqing Mei
Summary: This article introduces a visible methanol steam reforming microreactor, which uses an optical crystal as an observation window and measures the reaction temperature in real-time using infrared thermography. The results show that under lower oxygen to carbon ratio conditions, the microreactor has a higher heating rate and a stable gradient in temperature distribution.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Review
Thermodynamics
Giulia Manco, Umberto Tesio, Elisa Guelpa, Vittorio Verda
Summary: In the past decade, there has been a growing interest in studying energy systems for the combined management of power vectors. Most of the published works focus on finding the optimal design and operations of Multi Energy Systems (MES). However, for newcomers to this field, understanding how to achieve the desired optimization details while controlling computational expenses can be challenging and time-consuming. This paper presents a novel approach to analyzing the existing literature on MES, with the aim of guiding practical development of MES optimization. Through the discussion of six case studies, the authors provide a mathematical formulation as a reference for building the model and emphasize the impact of different aspects on the problem nature and solver selection. In addition, the paper also discusses the different approaches used in the literature for incorporating thermal networks and storage in the optimization of multi-energy systems.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xuepeng Yuan, Caiman Yan, Yunxian Huang, Yong Tang, Shiwei Zhang, Gong Chen
Summary: In this study, a multi-scale microgroove wick (MSMGW) was developed by laser irradiation, which demonstrated superior capillary performance. The surface morphology and performance of the wick were affected by laser scan pitch, laser power, repetition frequency, and scanning speed. The MSMGW showed optimal capillary performance in alumina material and DI water as the working fluid.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Maofei Mei, Feng Hu, Chong Han
Summary: This paper proposes an effective local search method based on detection of droplet boundaries for understanding the dynamic process of droplet growth during dropwise condensation. The method is validated by comparing with experimental data. The present simulation provides an effective approach to more accurately predict the nucleation site density in future studies.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rahul Kumar Sharma, Ashish Kumar, Dibakar Rakshit
Summary: The study explores the use of phase change materials (PCM) as a retrofit with Heating Ventilation and Air-conditioning systems (HVAC) to reduce energy consumption and improve air quality. By incorporating PCM with specific thickness and fin configurations, significant energy savings can be achieved in comparison to standard HVAC systems utilizing R134a. This research provides policymakers with energy-efficient and sustainable solutions for HVAC systems to combat climate change.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhenhua Ren, Xiangjin Meng, Xingang Qi, Hui Jin, Yunan Chen, Bin Chen, Liejin Guo
Summary: This paper investigates the heat transfer mechanism and factors influencing thermal radiation in the process of supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of coal, and proposes a comprehensive numerical model to simulate the process. Experimental validation results show that thermal radiation accounts for a significant proportion of the total heat exchange in the reactor and a large amount of radiant energy exists in the important spectral range of supercritical water. Enhancing radiative heat transfer can effectively increase the temperature of the reaction medium and the gasification rate.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mauro Abela, Mauro Mameli, Sauro Filippeschi, Brent S. Taft
Summary: Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHP) are passive two-phase heat transfer devices with a simple structure and high heat transfer capabilities. The actual unpredictability of their dynamic behavior during startup and thermal crisis hinders their large-scale application. An experimental apparatus is designed to investigate these phenomena systematically. The results show that increasing the number of evaporator sections and condenser temperature improves the performance of PHP. The condenser temperature also affects the initial liquid phase distribution and startup time.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ke Gan, Ruilian Li, Yi Zheng, Hui Xu, Ying Gao, Jiajie Qian, Ziming Wei, Bin Kong, Hong Zhang
Summary: A 3-dimensional enhanced heat pipe radiator has been developed to improve heat dissipation and temperature uniformity in cooling high-power electronic components. Experimental results show that the radiator has superior heat transfer performance compared to a conventional aluminum fin radiator under different heating powers and wind speed conditions.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xinyi Zhang, Shuzhong Wang, Daihui Jiang, Zhiqiang Wu
Summary: This study focuses on recovering waste heat from blast furnace slag using dry centrifugal pelletizing technology. A comprehensive two-dimensional model was developed to analyze heat transfer dynamics and investigate factors influencing heat exchange efficiency. The findings have important implications for optimizing waste heat recovery and ensuring safe operations.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xincheng Wu, An Zou, Qiang Zhang, Zhaoguang Wang
Summary: The boosting heat generation rate of high-performance processors is challenging traditional cooling techniques. This study proposes a combined design of active jet intermittency and passive surface modification to enhance heat transfer.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2024)