Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS, VOL 49, 2020
Volume 49, Issue -, Pages 87-105Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-121219-081535
Keywords
Fokker-Planck equation; microfluidics; fluorescence correlation spectroscopy; FCS; urease; catalase; aldolase
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Many enzymes appear to diffuse faster in the presence of substrate and to drift either up or down a concentration gradient of their substrate. Observations of these phenomena, termed enhanced enzyme diffusion (EED) and enzyme chemotaxis, respectively, lead to a novel view of enzymes as active matter. Enzyme chemotaxis and EED may be important in biology and could have practical applications in biotechnology and nanotechnology. They are also of considerable biophysical interest; indeed, their physical mechanisms are still quite uncertain. This review provides an analytic summary of experimental studies of these phenomena and of the mechanisms that have been proposed to explain them and offers a perspective on future directions for the field.
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