Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aakriti Singh, Ganesh Yadagiri, Manorma Negi, Anurag Kumar Kushwaha, Om Prakash Singh, Shyam Sundar, Shyam Lal Mudavath
Summary: In this study, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) grafted lipid nanoformulations were prepared as an efficient carrier for amphotericin B (AmB) to treat leishmaniasis. The nanoformulations showed good physicochemical characteristics, controlled drug release, and high antileishmanial activity without causing toxicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Surendra Rajit Prasad, Prakash Kumar, Saptarshi Mandal, Anu Mohan, Radhika Chaurasia, Ashish Shrivastava, Pallaprolu Nikhil, Dande Aishwarya, P. Ramalingam, Rahul Gajbhiye, Shriya Singh, Arunava Dasgupta, Mukesh Chourasia, V. Ravichandiran, Prolay Das, Debabrata Mandal
Summary: In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of different types of saturated medium-chain fatty acids against Leishmania. We found that caprylic acid (CA) showed the most potent anti-leishmanial effect. Further investigation revealed that CA mediates cell death by depleting ergosterol through inhibiting the enzyme mevalonate kinase (MevK) in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. This study provides insights into the mechanism of CA against visceral leishmaniasis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Danfeng Ren, Wenya Cao, Xiaojing Liu, Qunying Han, Wanhu Fan, Guoliang Li, Han Xia, Xi Zhang
Summary: This study presented four cases of visceral leishmaniasis treated with low-dose L-AmB therapy, demonstrating the safety and efficacy of this novel treatment protocol for VL patients. The treatment resulted in high cure rates without severe complications.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Tugba Erat, Isa An
Summary: The efficacy and safety of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) in pediatric cutaneous leishmaniasis patients were evaluated in this study. The results showed a low treatment success rate with the L-AmB dose used in the study.
DERMATOLOGIC THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Antonio Lipa Castro, Sebastien Pomel, Catherine Cailleau, Natalie Fournier, Indira Dennemont, Philippe M. Loiseau, Gillian Barratt
Summary: This article describes the in-vivo evaluation of AmB-loaded, lipid-based cochleate systems designed for the oral route. The study found that cochleate formulations based on Lipoid PSP70 show promising antiparasitic activity for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Maria Ubals, Pau Bosch-Nicolau, Adrian Sanchez-Montalva, Fernando Salvador, Gloria Aparicio-Espanol, Elena Sulleiro, Aroa Silgado, Antoni Soriano-Arandes, Maria Espiau, Berta Ferrer, Diana Pou, Begona Trevino, Israel Molina, Vicente Garcia-Patos
Summary: The study described a cohort of patients with complex cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), with a focus on the treatment outcome of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB). Results showed that all patients were considered cured within the first year post-treatment, and there were no treatment failures with L-AmB for complex CL.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Tingting Cui, Jingshi Wang, Zhao Wang
Summary: This paper presents a case of a 44-year-old man with antisynthetase antibody syndrome who developed HLH secondary to Leishmania infection. Early etiological screening is essential in treating Leishmania-related HLH, and treatment with Ruxolitinib and Amphotericin B has proven effective in alleviating symptoms.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shyam Sundar, Jitendra Singh, Anju Dinkar, Neha Agrawal
Summary: This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of miltefosine for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. The cure rate was 76%, but a significant number of patients experienced ocular complications.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Shobha Kumari, Vikash Kumar, Ritesh Kumar Tiwari, Vidyanand Ravidas, Krishna Pandey, Ashish Kumar
Summary: Visceral leishmaniasis, caused by the leishmania parasite, is a vector-borne disease. In India, Amphotericin B is the first-line medication for treating this disease. Liposomal AmB is a more widely accepted option for treatment, but there is a need for more efficient, less toxic, and affordable drugs.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Frederic Frezard, Marta M. G. Aguiar, Lucas A. M. Ferreira, Guilherme S. Ramos, Thais T. Santos, Gabriel S. M. Borges, Virginia M. R. Vallejos, Helane L. O. De Morais
Summary: This review discusses the use of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) as the best therapeutic option for leishmaniasis, but its efficacy is influenced by patient immunological status, clinical manifestation, and endemic region. The need for parenteral administration, side effects, and cost limit its use in developing countries. Recent advances in understanding the mechanism responsible for reduced toxicity and the development of more effective liposomal AmB formulations, including topical and oral options, are highlighted. The critical role of AmB aggregation state and release rate in reducing toxicity and improving efficacy by non-invasive routes is emphasized.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Niamh O'Grady, Matthew Davis, Dayna McManus, Jeffrey Topal, Marwan M. Azar, Neima Briggs
Summary: Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) is a preferred agent for the treatment of opportunistic fungal and parasitic infections in pregnant patients, but optimal dosing regimens are still unclear. This review describes the use of LAmB for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) in a pregnant patient with a dosing strategy using ideal body weight. Current guidelines and literature lack recommendations for dosing weight in pregnancy. Using ideal body weight may minimize adverse effects to the fetus while maintaining efficacy for treatment of MCL in pregnancy.
Article
Immunology
Sakib Burza, Raman Mahajan, Shahwar Kazmi, Neal Alexander, Deepak Kumar, Vikash Kumar, Estrella Lasry, Amit Harshana, Alan de Lima Pereira, Pradeep Das, Neena Verma, Vidya Nand Ravi Das, Chandra Shekhar Lal, Bharat Rewari, Vishal Goyal, Suman Rijal, Fabiana Alves, Naresh Gill, Krishna Pandey
Summary: This study conducted in a hospital in India compared two different treatment regimens for 150 patients with HIV and VL. The results showed that combination therapy is safe, well-tolerated, effective, and reduces treatment duration.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Danniele L. Vale, Camila S. Freitas, Vivian T. Martins, Gabriel J. L. Moreira, Amanda S. Machado, Fernanda F. Ramos, Isabela A. G. Pereira, Raquel S. Bandeira, Marcelo M. de Jesus, Grasiele S. V. Tavares, Fernanda Ludolf, Miguel A. Chavez-Fumagalli, Alexsandro S. Galdino, Ricardo T. Fujiwara, Lilian L. Bueno, Bruno M. Roatt, Myron Christodoulides, Eduardo A. F. Coelho, Daniela P. Lage
Summary: Our study used an immunotherapeutic approach combining a vaccine and drug to successfully treat mice infected with Leishmania parasites. This approach significantly reduced the parasite load in the animals' internal organs and increased the production of protective antibodies. The inclusion of the vaccine and adjuvant also reduced the toxicity of the drug.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matteo Piccica, Filippo Lagi, Alessandro Bartoloni, Lorenzo Zammarchi
Summary: A systematic review on the efficacy and safety of pentamidine isethionate for human tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis treatment found similar cure rates to first-line drugs with fewer severe and irreversible adverse effects, making it a potential alternative for patients who fail to respond to or tolerate other medications.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Rebekah N. Duffin, Philip C. Andrews
Summary: Six novel organogallium complexes have been synthesized and characterized, showing promising anti-leishmanial activity and selectivity.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)