Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ondrej Simonik, Filipa Bubenickova, Lucie Tumova, Michaela Frolikova, Vishma Pratap Sur, Jan Beran, Katerina Havlikova, Lenka Hackerova, Daniela Spevakova, Katerina Komrskova, Pavla Postlerova
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of biocompatible polysaccharides, dextran and pentaisomaltose, on the cryopreservation of boar sperm and used computational modeling to predict their interaction with sperm surface proteins. The results showed that the modified extender with pentaisomaltose had a lower impact on sperm quality parameters. Pentaisomaltose represented a promising compound for the elimination or reduction of glycerol in extenders for boar sperm cryopreservation.
Article
Biology
Gianluca Paventi, Michele Di Iorio, Giusy Rusco, Anatoly P. Sobolev, Silvia Cerolini, Emanuele Antenucci, Mattia Spano, Luisa Mannina, Nicolaia Iaffaldano
Summary: Semen cryopreservation is crucial for preserving biodiversity, but in avian species like turkeys, the process leads to a significant reduction in sperm quality. Using NMR technology, this study analyzed the metabolic changes in turkey sperm during cryopreservation, revealing differences in the levels of amino acids, water-soluble compounds, and lipids between fresh and frozen-thawed samples.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
James D. Gillis, Linda M. Penfold, Natalie D. Mylniczenko
Summary: This study explored the reproductive biology and sperm cryopreservation of southern stingrays, finding correlations between plasma testosterone levels and semen quality, as well as the potential benefits of a slow freezing method in improving post-thaw sperm survival.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Margarida Fernandes, Pablo Rodriguez Hernandez, Joao Simoes, Joao Pedro Barbas
Summary: The study revealed that the egg yolk-based semen extender performed better in cryopreserving semen from Merino rams. However, there were significant interactions between different semen extenders, semen processing, and collection months on sperm parameters. Further research is needed to address the causes of these interaction effects and improve semen extenders.
Article
Biology
Guy Shrem, Liat Azani, Ido Feferkorn, Tamar Listovsky, Sofia Hussaini, Benjamin Farber, Michael H. Dahan, Mali Salmon-Divon
Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine how different types of cancer affect semen quality. The results showed that all types of cancer significantly impaired sperm quality parameters.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Isabel Lima-Verde, Emma Hurri, Theodoros Ntallaris, Anders Johannisson, Hans Stalhammar, Jane M. Morrell
Summary: Colloid centrifugation can improve the quality of semen from young bulls, making it acceptable for freezing and aiding genetic progress in cattle breeding.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shaimaa K. Hamad, Ahmed M. Elomda, Yanyan Sun, Yunlei Li, Yunhe Zong, Jilan Chen, Ahmed O. Abbas, Farid K. R. Stino, Ali Nazmi, Gamal M. K. Mehaisen
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the impact of different concentrations (3%, 6%, or 9%) of dimethylacetamide (DMA) as a cryoprotectant on post-thawed sperm quality, motility, antioxidant-biomarkers, and the expression of anti-freeze related genes. The results showed that 3% DMA group maintained higher post-thawed sperm quality compared to the other tested groups, with improvements in motility, viability, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Additionally, certain anti-freeze related genes were upregulated in the 3% DMA group.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mohsen Sharafi, Seyyed Mohsen Borghei-Rad, Maryam Hezavehei, Abdolhossein Shahverdi, James D. Benson
Summary: This comprehensive review examines the mechanisms of damage caused by cryopreservation and highlights classical and novel strategies to reduce this damage and improve sperm survival. Cryopreservation is an important method for preserving germplasm in various fields, but the current methods only yield about 50% viable spermatozoa after cryopreservation. Various sperm components, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs, can be damaged during the process. Conventional strategies using chemical additives have been employed, but they are not completely effective in preventing damage.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Zainal Zahari Zainuddin, Symphorosa Sipangkui, Mohd Farqhan Kelana, Yap Keng Chee, Mohamed Reza Mohamed Tarmizi, Pierre Comizzoli
Summary: The Arctic Lab aims to study ancient climate change and ancient earthquakes using InSAR technology. They are particularly concerned about the rapid melting of the ice caps in Greenland. By researching these changes, they hope to better predict future climate change trends.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cristina Palacin-Martinez, Mercedes Alvarez, Rafael Montes-Garrido, Marta Neila-Montero, Luis Anel-Lopez, Paulino de Paz, Luis Anel, Marta F. Riesco
Summary: Sperm cryopreservation plays a crucial role in optimizing artificial insemination protocols for rams. Previous efforts to improve ram sperm cryopreservation protocols have focused on different methods, such as using different cryoprotectants, antioxidants, or freezing-thawing rates. However, the influence of male sexual regimes on freezeability has not been studied until now. In this study, a multiparametric analysis was conducted to evaluate the quality of cooled and frozen-thawed semen after different sperm collection frequencies. The results showed that semen quality significantly decreased in the groups with zero and ten collections per week compared to the group with four collections per week. Additionally, the apoptosis rate significantly increased in the group with ten collections per week. Enzyme activity related to redox balance, such as glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, also showed significant decreases in the group with ten collections per week. This study highlights the importance of considering male sexual regimes in alternative strategies for sperm cryopreservation in order to improve frozen-thawed sperm quality.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Martina Colombo, Maria Giorgia Morselli, Giulia Franchi, Sabine Schafer-Somi, Gaia Cecilia Luvoni
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of freezing dog semen after 24 or 48 hours of cooled transport to an equipped laboratory when semen collection was performed in the field. The results showed that there were no significant differences among the frozen groups, regardless of freezing time or extender used. However, motility at thawing decreased at 48 hours. Therefore, freezing after cooled transport could be a good option for long-term preservation of dog semen, especially if the transport can be organized within 24 hours.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maria P. Viudes-de-Castro, Amparo G. Talavan, Jose S. Vicente
Summary: The study found that adding dextran to Me2SO and acetamide freezing extenders can improve acrosome integrity of rabbit spermatozoa and reproductive performance of rabbit does. This supplementation had a marked beneficial effect when used in combination with an intermediate concentration of Me2SO and 5% dextran in the cryo-diluents for artificial insemination.
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Sen Yang, Zhilu Zeng, Xinghan Chen, Bin Fan, Zining Meng
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of melatonin addition on post-thaw sperm function of giant grouper. The results showed that melatonin improved the total motility, progressive motility, mitochondrial membrane potential, and velocity of frozen-thawed sperm. Melatonin also reduced apoptotic-like changes, increased sperm viability, and decreased DNA damage. Additionally, melatonin supplementation improved the fertility and hatching rate of cryopreserved giant grouper sperm, with a recommended concentration of 1-2 μM in the cryomedium.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abouzar Najafi, Hossein Daghigh-Kia, Mahdieh Mehdipour, Hossein Mohammadi, Hamed Hamishehkar
Summary: Antioxidant nanoparticles such as γ-oryzanol nanoparticles have a positive impact on the quality and fertility of thawed rooster sperm, improving motility, plasma membrane functionality, mitochondrial activity, and reducing apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fernanda Gabriela Fumuso, Mariana Lucia Bertuzzi, Nicolas Velasquez Gonzalez, Marcelo H. Miragaya, Maria Ignacia Carretero
Summary: The study found that there was no clear superiority between using a single or a combination of permeable cryoprotectants to freeze llama semen. After equilibration, total sperm motility and live sperm with intact acrosomes remained unchanged. However, a significant decrease in sperm quality was observed after thawing, including in functional membrane percentage, motile sperm, and live sperm with intact acrosomes.
REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Camilla Smoglica, Alberto Vergara, Simone Angelucci, Anna Rita Festino, Antonio Antonucci, Lorenzo Moschetti, Muhammad Farooq, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco
Summary: This study conducted investigations in the Maiella National Park in Central Italy and found evidence of selected antibiotic-resistant genes and virulence genes in wild and domestic animals. These preliminary results highlight the importance of continuing studies for the early detection of emerging resistance patterns.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Camilla Smoglica, Alberto Vergara, Simone Angelucci, Anna Rita Festino, Antonio Antonucci, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco
Summary: This study evaluated the resistance patterns of Enterococcus isolates from wild and domestic ruminants in a protected area in Italy. The study found the presence of linezolid-resistant enterococci carrying virulence genes in wild animals, highlighting their potential role as indicators of antibiotic resistance.
Review
Virology
Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Margaret J. Hosie, Katrin Hartmann, Herman Egberink, Uwe Truyen, Severine Tasker, Sandor Belak, Corine Boucraut-Baralon, Tadeusz Frymus, Albert Lloret, Fulvio Marsilio, Maria Grazia Pennisi, Diane D. Addie, Hans Lutz, Etienne Thiry, Alan D. Radford, Karin Mostl
Summary: Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious and genetically diverse pathogen that can cause serious or fatal diseases in domestic cats. In multicat environments, FCV infections are particularly problematic. FCV can be detected using reverse-transcriptase PCR, but a negative result doesn't rule out infection. Vaccination against FCV is recommended for all cats, but it only protects against disease, not infection.
Review
Virology
Andrea Palombieri, Federica Di Profio, Paola Fruci, Vittorio Sarchese, Vito Martella, Fulvio Marsilio, Barbara Di Martino
Summary: Advances in diagnostics and deep sequencing technologies have revealed the diversity of viruses in the respiratory tract of cats, including protoparviruses and chaphamaparvoviruses. Researchers have also observed transmission of highly pathogenic viruses to felids, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach in viral infection research.
Review
Virology
Katrin Hartmann, Karin Moestl, Albert Lloret, Etienne Thiry, Diane D. Addie, Sandor Belak, Corine Boucraut-Baralon, Herman Egberink, Tadeusz Frymus, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Hans Lutz, Fulvio Marsilio, Maria Grazia Pennisi, Severine Tasker, Uwe Truyen, Margaret J. Hosie
Summary: This article discusses the common condition of immunocompromised cats and the vaccination issues associated with it. It summarizes the available scientific studies and provides decision-making support for veterinarians.
Review
Virology
Herman Egberink, Tadeusz Frymus, Katrin Hartmann, Karin Moestl, Diane D. Addie, Sandor Belak, Corine Boucraut-Baralon, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Albert Lloret, Fulvio Marsilio, Maria Grazia Pennisi, Severine Tasker, Etienne Thiry, Uwe Truyen, Margaret J. Hosie
Summary: Antibody testing plays an important role in providing evidence of immune response, determining appropriate vaccination intervals, and controlling disease outbreaks. However, it is expensive and impractical for monitoring the decline of maternally derived antibodies.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco, Camilla Smoglica, Vincenza Di Pirro, Federica Cafini, Leonardo Gentile, Fulvio Marsilio
Summary: This study reports the first molecular detection of the canine distemper virus in the Marsican brown bear. The detected virus strain showed similarities with those recovered from foxes and dogs in the same area. Despite no clinical signs of the disease in the positive bear, this highlights the potential threat the virus poses to the endangered Marsican brown bear population and emphasizes the importance of continued observation activities. It is recommended to implement continuous and specifically targeted surveillance systems in the bear's territories and enhance vaccination programs for domestic dogs co-existing with the bear.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Muhammad Farooq, Camilla Smoglica, Fausto Ruffini, Lidia Soldati, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina E. Di Francesco
Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a complex and widespread problem that poses a threat to human and animal health. The distribution of resistant bacteria and their genes in poultry farms is a matter of concern globally, including in Italy. This study compares the distribution of resistance genes in litter samples from conventional and antibiotic-free broiler flocks, aiming to identify any influence of farming systems on the spread and maintenance of resistance determinants. The results show the presence of resistance genes in both farming systems, with higher positivity for tetracycline genes in antibiotic-free flocks.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Camilla Smoglica, Alberto Vergara, Simone Angelucci, Anna Rita Festino, Antonio Antonucci, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco
Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a global problem involving humans, animals, and the environment. The One Health approach was used to study wild and domestic species in Maiella national park, Italy. The study found various bacterial species with resistant profiles, including resistance against important antibiotics for human medicine.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Camilla Smoglica, Simone Angelucci, Fabrizia Di Tana, Antonio Antonucci, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco
Summary: The Apennine wolf, a subspecies of gray wolf, experienced a population decline in the past but has been restored through conservation efforts. However, antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in these wolves pose a threat to their health, as well as the health of other animals in their environment. A study conducted in Italy investigated the antibiotic resistance profiles of bacteria collected from Apennine wolves, revealing the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria to critically important antibiotics. These findings offer insights into antibiotic resistance in wildlife and its implications for biodiversity conservation and public health.
Review
Virology
Severine Tasker, Diane D. Addie, Herman Egberink, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Margaret J. Hosie, Uwe Truyen, Sandor Belak, Corine Boucraut-Baralon, Tadeusz Frymus, Albert Lloret, Fulvio Marsilio, Maria Grazia Pennisi, Etienne Thiry, Karin Moestl, Katrin Hartmann
Summary: Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a common virus in cats that is primarily transmitted faeco-orally. While most infections do not cause clinical signs, a small proportion of infected cats develop feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), which is most frequently seen in cats under two years old. Cats with FIP typically present with fever, anorexia, weight loss, and effusions.
Review
Virology
Katrin Hartmann, Herman Egberink, Karin Moestl, Diane D. Addie, Sandor Belak, Corine Boucraut-Baralon, Tadeusz Frymus, Albert Lloret, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Fulvio Marsilio, Maria Grazia Pennisi, Severine Tasker, Etienne Thiry, Uwe Truyen, Margaret J. Hosie
Summary: Vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs), such as feline injection-site sarcomas (FISSs), are rare but can be severe. The European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD) provides a comprehensive review on VAAEs in cats, summarizing existing knowledge and filling gaps with expert opinions. The causes of VAAEs include immune reactions, local reactions, administration errors, and manufacturing failures. FISS, the most severe VAAE, can occur after vaccinations or other injections. It is important to understand and minimize the risks associated with vaccination.
Review
Virology
Maria Grazia Pennisi, Sandor Belak, Severine Tasker, Diane D. Addie, Corine Boucraut-Baralon, Herman Egberink, Tadeusz Frymus, Katrin Hartmann, Regina Hofmann-Lehmann, Albert Lloret, Fulvio Marsilio, Etienne Thiry, Uwe Truyen, Karin Moestl, Margaret J. Hosie
Summary: Feline morbillivirus (FeMV) is a virus associated with feline chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has a worldwide distribution. The genetic diversity of FeMV is extensive, but its clinical relevance is still unknown. There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between FeMV infection and renal disease. Higher viral loads are found in urine and are associated with renal TIN lesions.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Camilla Smoglica, Muhammad Farooq, Fausto Ruffini, Fulvio Marsilio, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco
Summary: This study compared the microbiome composition and abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes in broiler litter samples from conventional and antibiotic-free flocks. The results suggest that antibiotic use can influence the frequency of resistance determinants and the microbial community in poultry flocks.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Camilla Smoglica, Lisa Barco, Simone Angelucci, Massimiliano Orsini, Fulvio Marsilio, Antonio Antonucci, Cristina Esmeralda Di Francesco
Summary: This pilot study used ecological data, microbiological investigations, and whole genome sequencing to characterize genetic patterns of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates from domestic and wild ruminants in Maiella National Park, Italy. The analyzed isolates showed resistance to important antibiotics and virulence genes. This study provides new data on bacteria from rare and endangered species and contributes to understanding the transmission of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)