4.8 Article

The Role of the Hydrogen Bond between Piperazine and Fullerene Molecules in Stabilizing Polymer:Fullerene Solar Cell Performance

Journal

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 12, Issue 13, Pages 15472-15481

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b23366

Keywords

Polymer Solar Cells; Photochemistry; Degradation and Stability; Piperazine; Hydrogen Bond

Funding

  1. Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2016YFA0200700]
  2. National Natural Science Foundation of China [61904121, 21571019]
  3. Chinese Academy of Sciences [YJKYYQ20180029, CAS-ITRI 2019010]
  4. Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS [2019317]

Ask authors/readers for more resources

Piperazine has been recently reported as a stabilizer for polymer:fullerene solar cells that can minimize the burn-in degradation of the cell. In this paper, the influence of N-substituents on the stabilization effect of piperazine in P3HT:PC61BM cells was investigated. Results confirmed that only piperazine derivatives (PZs) with N-H bonds showed the stabilization effect, whereas the bis-alkyl-substituted piperazine compounds cannot improve the stability. An efficient photon-induced electron transfer (PET) process between PZ and PC61BM was only detected for the N-H-containing PZ:PC61BM blends, corresponding very well to the stabilization effect of the PZs, which indicates that the PET process between PZ and PC61BM stabilizes the cell performance, and the N-H bond plays a critical role ensuring the PET process and the consequent stabilization effect. Both H-1-NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations confirmed the formation of N-H center dot center dot center dot O-C and N-H center dot center dot center dot pi bonds for the PC61BM:piperazine adduct, which was considered as the driving force that promotes the PET process between these two components. In addition, comparison of the calculated electron affinity energy (E-A) and excitation energy (E-Ex) of PC61BM with/without piperazine confirmed that piperazine doping is able to promote the electron transfer (which leads to the formation of PC61BM anions) than the energy transfer (leads to the formation of PC61BM excitons between P3HT and PC61BM, which is beneficial for the performance and stability improvement.

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