Article
Environmental Sciences
Effrosyni Zafeiraki, Evangelos Moulas, Konstantinos M. Kasiotis, Evangelos Bakeas, Emmanouil Dassenakis
Summary: This study investigates the occurrence, distribution, sources, and ecotoxicological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediment samples collected from three areas along the Hellenic coastline. The results reveal that Piraeus harbor is the most contaminated area, followed by Saronikos Gulf and Heraklion. Most sampling sites show evidence of combustion as the source, with petroleum contamination also indicated in Piraeus harbor. Risk assessment indicates low or no adverse health effects for exposed biota in Saronikos Gulf and Heraklion, while BaP is identified as the main contributor to carcinogenic and mutagenic risk in Piraeus harbor.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hee-Jeong Hwang, Sae-Ha Lee, Yong-Yeon Kim, Han-Seung Shin
Summary: This study monitored the concentrations of four PAHs in herbal medicine ingredients using the QuEChERS method, which showed high recovery rates and good performance, meeting the safety standards of the European Union and Korea.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiao-ting Yan, Yuan Zhang, Yu Zhou, Guo-hui Li, Xue-song Feng
Summary: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a group of carcinogenic and mutagenic substances have raised intense concern among the global community due to their ubiquitous occurrence. Food is a key source of human exposure to PAHs, making it necessary to develop accurate analysis methods for such compounds to ensure food safety and human health. This paper reviews state-of-the-art purification techniques and determination methodologies for PAHs in comprehensive food samples, including extraction methodologies and innovative analytical approaches.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emily C. Pisarski, Edward F. Wirth, Paul L. Pennington, Ian Hartwell, Brian S. Shaddrix, David R. Whitall, Dennis A. Apeti, Gregory Baker
Summary: This study tested six field cleaning techniques on metal sampling equipment and found that protocols containing a solvent step were more effective than protocols without solvents in reducing chemical carryover. Depending on the data quality objectives, the differences may not be meaningful, and choosing a cleaning technique should be governed by health, safety, and environmental factors.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dmitry E. Lakhmanov, Aleksandr Yu. Kozhevnikov, Sergey A. Pokryshkin, Igor P. Semiletov, Dmitry S. Kosyakov
Summary: This study represents the first investigation in 25 years of the lesser-known Siberian arctic seas, revealing the highest levels of PAHs in the Laptev Sea and a generally safe environmental situation in the region.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Agnieszka Krzyszczak, Michal P. Dybowski, Magdalena Konczak, Bozena Czech
Summary: In recent years, there has been significant progress in the study of thermal transformation of waste into valuable materials such as biochar. High-temperature processes can lead to the formation of toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the pyrolysis process can also result in the formation of derivatives containing oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur, which may have higher toxicity than parent PAHs. The bioavailability of PAHs is an important parameter in the agricultural application of carbonaceous materials.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dmitry E. Lakhmanov, Aleksandr Yu Kozhevnikov, Sergey A. Pokryshkin, Igor P. Semiletov, Dmitry S. Kosyakov
Summary: This study conducted the first research in 25 years on the least studied and hard-to-reach areas of Siberian Arctic seas. It found that the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is comparable to the data from the 1990s, indicating a long-term persistence of pollution despite a decline in global PAH emissions. The main sources of PAHs are coal/biomass and liquid fuel combustion.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Noel J. Aquilina, Roy M. Harrison
Summary: Occupational studies have shown that exposure to a mixture of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) is linked to increased lung cancer incidence. However, the composition of the PAH mixture differs between occupational atmospheres and ambient air. The estimation of cancer risk for PAH mixtures is often based on extrapolation from occupational or animal exposure data, and there are divergences between the methods used by WHO and U.S. EPA.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiulu Lang, Kangkang Yu, Zihan Zhao, Yan Chen, Jiming Tian, Mingli Zhang, Yanhua Wang
Summary: In order to investigate the impact of human activities on the natural environment and the ecological risks in Zhushan Bay of Taihu Lake, the characteristics of organic materials, including elements and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (n-ary sumation (16)PAHs), in a sediment core from Taihu Lake were analyzed. The results showed that the elements C, H, S, and N were the most abundant, with C and the C/H ratio displaying a decreasing trend with depth. The concentration of (16)PAHs also showed a downward trend, with fluctuations, and the analysis indicated that the PAHs were mainly derived from the combustion of fossil fuels. A toxicity analysis revealed potential ecological risks that require control measures.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiongyi Miao, Yupei Hao, Jiawei Cai, Yincai Xie, Jingru Zhang
Summary: The study investigates the accumulation of PAHs in sediments in the karstic Liujiang River Basin, revealing their sources, input processes, and toxicity risk. The concentrations of n-ary sumation 15PAHs range from 111.97 to 593.39 ng/g, with the majority concentrated upstream and midstream of Liujiang River. The findings suggest that PAHs mainly originate from mixed combustion of oil and coal, biomass combustion, and oil products leaking. The results indicate a moderate contamination of PAHs based on RQNCs and RQMPCs values. The ingestion of PAHs poses the main risk to public health, especially for children. The overall non-carcinogenic risk of PAHs is low, but the carcinogenic risk is relatively high.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natasha Klasios, Hannah De Frond, Ezra Miller, Meg Sedlak, Chelsea M. Rochman
Summary: The study found microplastics and other anthropogenic microparticles in bivalves from San Francisco Bay, with significant variations in abundance between different sites, and no correlation between the number of microparticles and PAH concentrations. Bivalves may be suitable as bioindicators for microplastic levels in sediment, but not in surface water.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Gizem Goker, Sezer Kiralan, Aziz Tekin, Ferruh Erdogdu
Summary: The study found that the formation of PAHs in olive pomace during drying is influenced by temperature and time, with the total PAH formation rate increasing with temperature. The activation energy and frequency factor values also increase as temperature rises.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Valentina Bertoz, Giorgia Purcaro, Chiara Conchione, Sabrina Moret
Summary: PAHs are environmental and processing contaminants that are widespread and may contaminate vegetable oils. Due to their carcinogenic and toxic effects, surveillance schemes and mitigation strategies are needed to monitor human exposure to PAHs. Edible oils, particularly olive oil, may contain unsafe levels of these compounds.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gisele Usanase, Nathalie Azema, Youssef El Bitouri, Jean-Claude Souche, Catherine Gonzalez
Summary: The settling behaviour of sediment particles during resuspension has a significant impact on the mobilisation of pollutants such as PAHs, with different sedimentation regimes observed depending on particle size. Monitoring of particle size distribution during settling process identified particles less than 20 µm that remain in the water column up to 20 minutes after resuspension, potentially mobilising PAHs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
A. Berthiaume, E. Galarneau, G. Marson
Summary: This article presents the current knowledge on Canadian PAC emission sources, with forest fires dominating the emissions nationally. Non-industrial sources are estimated to be the second largest contributor, showing moderate decreases in recent decades. Industrial point sources have seen considerable reductions, while fugitive emissions from other industrial sources remain a gap in our understanding. Overall, there is uncertainty in emissions data and regional/local scale examination is needed to determine the sources contributing most to human and ecosystem exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
