Article
Engineering, Chemical
Salah Abdallah, Mohammad Nasir, Diaa Afaneh
Summary: This study suggests novel designs for single slope solar stills, incorporating spherical and pyramid shapes with chamber stepwise basins. Experimental results show that these design modifications significantly increase the productivity of the solar still, with the modified distiller achieving up to 57.1% higher output compared to the pyramid solar still.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Javier Roa, Davide Farnocchia, Steven R. Chesley
Summary: Orbit-determination programs find the best-fit orbit solution by minimizing residuals, and this paper presents a robust technique for identifying virtual impactors by incorporating impact conditions. By efficiently estimating impact probability through exploring parameter space with importance sampling, the proposed technique can handle various parameters and account for nongravitational forces.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yusuke Wakatsuki, Yasuhiro Akahoshi, Takao Koura, Hiroki Takahara
Summary: In recent years, there has been growing interest in potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) that have the potential to collide with the Earth. One of the most effective ways to prevent such collisions is through asteroid deflection by hypervelocity impact. This study examined the effects of projectile strength and density on deflection efficiency. The results showed that projectile density has a greater impact on deflection efficiency compared to projectile strength.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Khansinee Longkaew, Alain Gibaud, Wasan Tessanan, Philippe Daniel, Pranee Phinyocheep
Summary: This study investigates the synthesis and surface treatment of spherical CaCO3 as a reinforcing filler in natural rubber composites. The results show that the treated CaCO3 improves the tensile strength of the composites, with the optimal filler loading being 20 phr.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Keisuke Sugiura, Makiko K. Haba, Hidenori Genda
Summary: This study investigates the effects of giant impacts on differentiated asteroids and suggests that an internal structure with a thick crust and a large core is more likely to produce mesosiderite meteorites.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Timothy Titus, D. Robertson, J. B. Sankey, L. Mastin, F. Rengers
Summary: Modern civilization lacks collective experience in dealing with the potential wide-ranging effects of a medium-sized asteroid impact. While efforts have been made to model the initial effects of meteor impacts or airbursts, the long-term cascading hazards are often overlooked. This paper reviews the initial and cascading effects of more common natural disasters and discusses their relevance to the expected long-term effects of an asteroid impact. A framework linking multiple hazard models could greatly benefit emergency managers, resource planners, and research scientists involved in mitigation and recovery efforts.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jens Gravesen, Morten Willatzen, Jiajia Shao, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: A detailed geometric analysis of spherical triboelectric nanogenerators is presented in this study. Compared to previous research on spherical triboelectric generators, the general case where the moving dielectric rolls on the inside surface of the larger sphere of the TENG is discussed in terms of maximum energy harvesting. Optimization analysis of geometrical parameters allows for the solution of various cases of electrode geometry, such as spherical circle, spherical ellipse, spherical rectangle, or spherical isosceles trapezium. The analytical insight and computational effectiveness provided by differential geometry make the mathematical model superior to standard 3D numerical methods.
Article
Thermodynamics
Cole T. Fleet, Anthony G. Straatman
Summary: This study presents a method for determining the conduction shape factor for complex porous media by performing pore-level simulations on mathematically-generated geometric models. The shape factor is found to be dependent on both porosity and pore diameter, and can be characterized by a quadratic expression. The results are validated by comparing computations of conjugate heat transfer using pore-level and volume-averaged approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiao Li, Jianpeng Sun, Xiangchao Meng
Summary: Researchers successfully prepared a hollow spherical cobalt-based sulfide catalyst which exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline seawater. The catalyst's remarkable catalytic performance for HER in seawater splitting can be attributed to its hollow structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jie-Kang Tian, Mei-Ling Zhao, Yu-Meng Song, Xia Zhong, Ruo Yuan, Ying Zhuo
Summary: A new field-free and highly ordered spherical nucleic acid (SNA) nanostructure was self-assembled using ferrocene-labeled DNA tweezers and DNA linkers, serving as an ECL switch for improved recognition efficiency. Combined with mesoporous silica nanospheres (mSiO(2) NSs) filled with Rub-Pt nanoparticles (Rub-Pt@mSiO(2) NSs), a highly sensitive detection platform for let-7b microRNA was achieved through target-triggered SNA deconstruction, highlighting potential applications in biomarker analyses.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
E. B. Bierhaus, D. Trang, R. T. Daly, C. A. Bennett, O. S. Barnouin, K. J. Walsh, R. -l. Ballouz, W. F. Bottke, K. N. Burke, M. E. Perry, E. R. Jawin, T. J. McCoy, H. C. Connolly, M. G. Daly, J. P. Dworkin, D. N. DellaGiustina, P. L. Gay, J. I. Brodbeck, J. Nolau, J. Padilla, S. Stewart, S. Schwartz, P. Michel, M. Pajola, D. S. Lauretta
Summary: This study investigates the impact of impactor characteristics and target surface physics on crater formation on the asteroid Bennu. The results show that the population of boulders controls the transition from crater formation to armouring. The estimated crater retention age of Bennu's surface is significantly younger than previous estimates.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanan Huang, Guiqing Dang, Min Zhu, Longfei Fan, Minzhi Rong, Mingqiu Zhang
Summary: Reversible shape memory polymers with a broad melting temperature range were developed to overcome the limitation of existing polymers. The polymers were able to memorize multiple temporary shapes through a thermal programming process. By selectively activating partial melting and recrystallization at different temperatures, the polymers demonstrated reversible triple, quadruple, and quintuple shape memory effects. This research may have significant implications for the application of reversible shape memory polymers.
APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Gaurab Sundar Dutta, Dieter Meiners, Nina Merkert
Summary: This work attempts to integrate different phases of design, construction, and fabrication under a single framework of parametric modeling with the help of visual programming. By establishing a relationship between form and force inspired by plant growth, different shapes can be generated using mathematical operators. Different prototypes of generated shapes were constructed using a combination of existing manufacturing processes to test their validity in different material domains. The compressive load-test results were used to compare the generated geometrical shapes with conventional constructions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hong-Yu Hsu, Jou-Tsen Ou, Tsu-Tung Cheng, Heng-Yi Lin, Chan-Yi Lin, Jia Chen, Bin Sun, Po-Wen Chung, Chien-Lung Wang
Summary: This study investigates the connection between molecular and supramolecular shapeshifting by synthesizing an 8-arm star giant molecule, NPOSS. By controlling the self-assembly conditions, NPOSS is brought into three different Ostwald's stages, exhibiting various geometric shapes. Concurrent changes in supramolecular scaffolds and CO2 affinity of NPOSS are observed, establishing the relationship between molecular/supramolecular shapeshifting and structure-driven property changes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Kamesh Sankaran, Scott A. Griffith, Noah C. Thompson, Matthew D. Lochridge, Andrew S. O'Kins
Summary: This article introduces a streamlined genetic algorithm implemented on a GPU to evaluate low-thrust trajectories of spacecraft propelled by an ion thruster. The results demonstrate the utility of utilizing the ion thruster to significantly increase impact speed and decrease trip times, as well as the influence of spacecraft design trade-offs on impact speed. The analysis and evaluation indicate the applicability of this model to various spaceflight missions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Y. Moulane, E. Jehin, J. Manfroid, D. Hutsemekers, C. Opitom, Y. Shinnaka, D. Bodewits, Z. Benkhaldoun, A. Jabiri, S. Hmiddouch, M. Vander Donckt, F. J. Pozuelos, B. Yang, B. Yang
Summary: By studying the activity and composition of comet 46P, researchers found that it is more active than expected, emitting a greater amount of water than what would be predicted based on its nucleus size. Investigating the behavior of comet 46P provides insights into its origins and formation in the Solar nebulae.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Fernandez-Valenzuela, N. Morales, M. Vara-Lubiano, J. L. Ortiz, G. Benedetti-Rossi, B. Sicardy, M. Kretlow, P. Santos-Sanz, B. Morgado, D. Souami, F. Organero, L. Ana, F. Fonseca, A. Roman, S. Alonso, R. Goncalves, M. Ferreira, R. Iglesias-Marzoa, J. L. Lamadrid, A. Alvarez-Candal, M. Assafin, F. Braga-Ribas, J. I. B. Camargo, F. Colas, J. Desmars, R. Duffard, J. Lecacheux, A. R. Gomes-Junior, F. L. Rommel, R. Vieira-Martins, C. L. Pereira, V. Casanova, A. Selva, C. Perello, S. Mottola, S. Hellmich, J. L. Maestre, A. J. Castro-Tirado, A. Pal, J. M. Trigo-Rodriguez, W. Beisker, A. Laporta, M. Garces, L. Escaned, M. Bretton
Summary: As part of our program studying the physical properties of trans-Neptunian objects and centaurs, we successfully predicted and observed a stellar occultation by the centaur (54598) Bienor on January 11, 2019. Through our observations, we determined a diameter for Bienor and discovered irregularities in its rotational light curve. We presented different scenarios to explain the inconsistencies between the occultation and photometric results, and suggested the possibility of undiscovered rings.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Marsset, M. Broz, J. Vermersch, N. Rambaux, M. Ferrais, M. Viikinkoski, J. Hanus, E. Jehin, E. Podlewska-Gaca, P. Bartczak, G. Dudzinski, B. Carry, P. Vernazza, R. Szakats, R. Duffard, A. Jones, D. Molina, T. Santana-Ros, Z. Benkhaldoun, M. Birlan, C. Dumas, R. Fetick, T. Fusco, L. Jorda, F. Marchis, F. Vachier, B. Yang
Summary: The shape and rotation state of Cybele are found to closely match those of a Maclaurin equilibrium figure, suggesting that its present-day shape represents the original one. However, numerical simulations also show that Cybele is dynamically unstable and may have been placed on its current orbit less than 1 billion years ago.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Szakats, Cs. Kiss, J. L. Ortiz, N. Morales, A. Pal, T. G. Mueller, J. Greiner, P. Santos-Sanz, G. Marton, R. Duffard, P. Sagi, E. Forgacs-Dajka
Summary: The rotational states of dwarf planet-satellite systems in the trans-Neptunian region are influenced by formation conditions and tidal interaction. Observations indicate that the rotation of Eris is tidally locked to its satellite Dysnomia, with a period of 15.8 days. Simulations suggest that Dysnomia must have a relatively large mass and size to slow down Eris's rotation.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Hromakina, M. Birlan, M. A. Barucci, M. Fulchignoni, F. Colas, S. Fornasier, F. Merlin, A. Sonka, S. Anghel, G. Poggiali, I Belskaya, D. Perna, E. Dotto, NEOROCKS team
Summary: This study is part of the NEOROCKS project and aims to improve our understanding of the physical properties of near-Earth Objects (NEOs) for planetary defense. Through photometric observations using the 1.2-m telescope, we obtained new surface colors for 42 NEOs and classified them into different complex types based on their colors. We also estimated the absolute magnitudes and diameters of these objects. Combining these results with previous data, we now have a data set of 93 objects and identified 14 of them as potential targets for space missions.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Simon Anghel, Dan A. Nedelcu, Mirel Birlan, Ioana Boaca
Summary: Nowadays, extensive data are collected in an automated regime, leading to large-scale implementations of machine learning (ML). In meteor science, ML models were explored to re-analyze single-station observations and identify real meteors. 15 ML models trained on meteor movement features achieved top accuracy and recall scores, and when combined with spatiotemporal coincidence, the recall increased. These methods can be applied to other studies and networks, including the larger FRIPON network.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Durech, J. Hanus
Summary: Gaia Data Release 3 provides accurate photometric observations of over 150,000 asteroids over a 34-month period. Using these observations, we reconstructed the spin states and shapes of the asteroids. By computing the viewing and illumination geometry and employing the light curve inversion method, we determined the best-fit asteroid models. Our results showed that for approximately 8,600 asteroids, we were able to uniquely determine their spin states and low-resolution convex shape models. This large sample of new asteroid models allows for the study of spin distribution in the asteroid population.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Samuel W. Yee, Joshua N. Winn, Joel D. Hartman, Luke G. Bouma, George Zhou, Samuel N. Quinn, David W. Latham, Allyson Bieryla, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Karen A. Collins, Owen Alfaro, Khalid Barkaoui, Corey Beard, Alexander A. Belinski, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, Paul Benni, Krzysztof Bernacki, Andrew W. Boyle, R. Paul Butler, Douglas A. Caldwell, Ashley Chontos, Jessie L. Christianse, David R. Cia, Kevin I. Coll, Dennis M. Conti, Jeffrey D. Crane, Tansu Daylan, Courtney D. Dressing, Jason D. Eastman, Zahra Essack, Phil Evans, Mark E. Everett, Sergio Fajardo-Acosta, Raquel Fores-Toribio, Elise Furlan, Mourad Ghachoui, Michael Gillon, Coel Hellier, Ian Helm, Andrew W. Howard, Steve B. Howell, Howard Isaacson, Emmanuel Jehin, Jon M. Jenkin, Eric L. N. Jensen, John F. Kielkopf, Didier Laloum, Naunet Leonhardes-Barboza, Pablo Lewin, Sarah E. Logsdon, Jack Lubin, Michael B. Lund, Mason G. MacDougall, Andrew W. Mann, Natalia A. Maslennikova, Bob Massey, Kim K. McLeod, Jose A. Munoz, Patrick Newman, Valeri Orlov, Peter Plavchan, Adam Popowicz, Francisco J. Pozuelos, Tyler A. Pritchard, Don J. Radford, Michael Reefe, George R. Ricker, Alexander Rudat, Boris S. Safonov, Richard P. Schwarz, Heidi Schweiker, Nicholas J. Scott, S. Seager, Stephen A. Shectman, Chris Stockdale, Thiam-Guan Tan, Johanna K. Teske, Neil B. Thomas, Mathilde Timmermans, Roland Vanderspek, David Vermilion, David Watanabe, Lauren M. Weiss, Richard G. West, Judah Van Zandt, Michal Zejmo, Carl Ziegler
Summary: NASA's TESS mission has detected and confirmed 20 hot Jupiters through coordinated observations using photometric, spectroscopic, and imaging techniques. These planets have short orbital periods and orbit relatively bright stars. The study includes measurements of obliquity and investigates the possibility of cluster membership. These findings contribute to the building of a comprehensive sample of hot Jupiters for future research.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Chouqar, J. Lustig-Yaeger, Z. Benkhaldoun, A. Szentgyorgyi, A. Jabiri, A. Soubkiou
Summary: This study compares the chemistry and emission spectra of nitrogen-dominated USP super-Earth atmospheres in and out of chemical equilibrium under different surface pressure scenarios. It finds that different surface pressures significantly affect the temperature profiles, atmospheric compositions, and emission spectra of these planets. By targeting HCN, C2H4, CO, and CH4, the observability of these planets and their atmospheric properties can be inferred.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Chafi, Y. El Azhari, O. Azagrouze, A. Jabiri, Z. Benkhaldoun, A. Habib, Y. Errazzouki
Summary: This study focuses on high dynamic imaging, specifically the direct observation of exoplanetary systems. The use of a coronagraph is essential for suppressing the star's light and detecting the faint exoplanet. This study presents an apodization method using interferometry with either a rectangular or circular aperture, achieving a high concentration rate of light energy and enhancing the performance of a coronagraph.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
G. J. Molina-Cuberos, O. Witasse, D. Toledo, S. N. Tripathi
Summary: Studying the atmospheric electricity of ice giant planets can help us understand cloud formation, lightning generation, aerosols growth, and chemical composition. This study presents a new one-dimensional ionospheric model for Uranus and Neptune, which calculates the number densities of electrons and ions as well as the charging of aerosols. The results depend on the amount and size of atmospheric aerosols, solar-cycle conditions, and the effect of the intrinsic magnetic field.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. Hanus, D. Vokrouhlicky, D. Nesvorny, J. Durech, R. Stephens, V. Benishek, J. Oey, P. Pokorny
Summary: The leading theory for the origin of Jupiter Trojans (JTs) suggests that they were captured near the Lagrangian points of Jupiter during the early reconfiguration of the giant planets. This study compiled photometric datasets for about 1000 JTs and found that their pole distribution is consistent with the expectations from the formation model of planetesimals. However, some JTs exhibit large variations in rotation pole, possibly due to collisional activity.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hanna Klimczak, Emil Wilawer, Tomasz Kwiatkowski, Agnieszka Kryszczynska, Dagmara Oszkiewicz, Wojciech Kotlowski, Francesca DeMeo
Summary: The aim of this paper is to find a set of photometric passbands for accurate spectrophotometric classification of asteroids. Various machine-learning methods are used and a sequential feature selection is performed. The results suggest that a set of five bands is required for determining the taxonomic complexes, eight bands for taxonomy type determination, and just three bands for distinguishing C-complex asteroids. These findings have important implications for the design of future asteroid sky surveys.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
