Article
Infectious Diseases
Reem Binsuwaidan, Mohammad Aatif Khan, Raghad H. Alzahrani, Aljoharah M. Aldusaymani, Noura M. Almallouhi, Alhanouf S. Alsabti, Sajjad Ali, Omar Sufyan Khan, Amira M. Youssef, Lina I. Alnajjar
Summary: A pressure ulcer is a common complication in patients with spinal cord injuries, and the most frequently isolated bacteria include Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The study found that more than half of the bacteria were sensitive to commonly tested antibiotics, while approximately 10% were drug-resistant.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Gong Huiming, Wang Yuming, Yang Mingliang, Liu Changbin, Huang Qiuchen, Li Jianjun
Summary: The study revealed that the microcirculation perfusion is highest in the center of pressure ulcers, and there is a negative correlation between healing time and microcirculation perfusion.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suneel Kumar, Thomas Theis, Monica Tschang, Vini Nagaraj, Francois Berthiaume
Summary: Traumatic injuries to the nervous system, such as spinal cord injury and brain injury, can result in neurological dysfunction, causing patients to be bed-ridden and immobile for extended periods. Secondary complications like bladder/bowel dysfunction and pressure ulcers can lead to further debilitating conditions.
Article
Dermatology
Georg Brunner, Meike Roux, Volker Boehm, Thomas Meiners
Summary: Patients with spinal cord injury are prone to developing pressure ulcers, as loss of neuronal control affects cellular and molecular homeostasis in the skin, leading to enhanced platelet extravasation and accumulation of transforming growth factor. This inappropriate wound healing process combined with plasma leakage and increased transforming growth factor-like activity potentially increases the risk of pressure ulcer formation.
INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Perry Dhaliwal, Alwyn Gomez, Frederick Adam Zeiler
Summary: Acute traumatic spinal cord injury is commonly treated with surgical decompression and instrumentation of the spine. However, the evidence for these methods is limited. There is now interest in measuring spinal cord perfusion pressure through monitoring mean arterial pressure and intraspinal pressure. This study successfully used a strain gauge pressure transducer to measure intraspinal pressure and derive spinal cord perfusion pressure.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sonia O. Labeau, Elsa Afonso, Julie Benbenishty, Bronagh Blackwood, Carole Boulanger, Stephen J. Brett, Silvia Calvino-Gunther, Wendy Chaboyer, Fiona Coyer, Mieke Deschepper, Guy Francois, Patrick M. Honore, Radmilo Jankovic, Ashish K. Khanna, Mireia Llaurado-Serra, Frances Lin, Louise Rose, Francesca Rubulotta, Leif Saager, Ged Williams, Stijn Blot
Summary: A study of 13,254 adults in 1117 ICUs across 90 countries found a high prevalence of pressure injuries, with 59.2% being ICU-acquired. Risk factors for ICU-acquired pressure injuries included age, sex, weight, comorbidities, and organ support. Increasing severity of pressure injuries was associated with higher mortality rates, highlighting the importance of prevention and proper care in ICU settings.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sharon Eve Sonenblum, Megan Measel, Stephen H. Sprigle, John Greenhalgh, John McKay Cathcart
Summary: The study identified differences in subcutaneous fat characteristics between wheelchair users with and without a history of pressure injuries. It also found that the presence of spasms and fewer years of wheelchair use were associated with leaner muscle. Further investigation into changes in adipose tissue and intramuscular fat infiltration may help understand the etiology of pressure injuries.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Juan L. Asanza, Sean T. Matsuwaka, Kari Keys, Cynthia Arrowood, Meghan Meinerz Doan, Stephen P. Burns
Summary: This study compared outcomes of flap surgeries with different post-operative bedrest durations for SCI patients with PIs, finding that the 6-week bedrest protocol did not lead to improved remobilization outcomes, while the 4-week protocol resulted in significantly shorter time to remobilization and length of stay. No subgroup of patients appeared to benefit from the longer bedrest protocol.
JOURNAL OF SPINAL CORD MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nicole M. Vecin, David R. Gater
Summary: This manuscript reviews the risk of pressure injuries caused by spinal cord injury and discusses the multidisciplinary approach required to prevent and treat these injuries in the vulnerable population.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lei-luo Yang, Zheng-liang Xiao, Ping-jiang An, Hai-jian Yan, Qing Li
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between prior exposure to pressure ulcers and the risk of postoperative infections in male adults with spinal cord injury. The results showed that male patients with prior exposure to pressure ulcers had an elevated risk of postoperative infections, including pneumonia, surgical incision infection, and urinary tract infection.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Guilian Chen, Tong Wang, Lirong Zhong, Xinghui He, Chunxia Huang, Yingmin Wang, Kun Li
Summary: Telemedicine is a feasible way to prevent pressure injuries among patients with spinal cord injuries. It can decrease the incidence and severity of pressure injuries and accelerate patients' healing without imposing an economic burden. It is best used in tandem with other, more conventional interventions.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Yi-Ting Tzen, Patricia T. Champagne, Varsha Rao, Jijia Wang, Wei-Han Tan, Merrine Klakeel, Nitin B. Jain, Dane K. Wukich, Timothy J. Koh
Summary: This study examined the skin blood flow measurements before pressure injury develops in spinal cord injured patients during acute hospitalisation. The results showed that both reactive and heat hyperemia were successfully induced in all participants. Two participants developed pressure injury, while nine did not have pressure injury at discharge. Heat hyperemia was smaller in participants with pressure injury. No difference was observed in reactive hyperemia between the groups. Further examination with a larger group is needed to determine the clinical use of heat hyperemia as a predictor for pressure injury development.
INTERNATIONAL WOUND JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Liang Q. Liu, Sarah Chapman, Rachel Deegan, Sarah L. Knight, Michael Traynor, Helen T. Allan, Angela Gall
Summary: The study developed a new questionnaire to measure concordance for pressure-relief in people with SCI, demonstrating good reliability and validity, allowing clinicians to identify high-risk patients and design personalized education programs for PrU prevention. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF TISSUE VIABILITY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
J. Chase McNeil, Marritta Joseph, Lauren M. Sommer, Jesus G. Vallejo
Summary: This study reviewed 114 cases of chronic osteomyelitis (CO) at Texas Children's Hospital from 2011 to 2018. Most patients underwent surgical procedures and the most common microbiologic etiology was Staphylococcus aureus. Prolonged total therapy for CO over 210 days did not improve outcomes.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Clark D. Russell, Shao-Ting Jerry Tsang, Maria Dudareva, Alasdair Hamish R. W. Simpson, Rebecca K. Sutherland, Martin A. McNally
Summary: There is limited high-quality evidence on the management of pressure-ulcer related pelvic osteomyelitis. An international survey on orthopedic surgical management was conducted, which explored diagnostic parameters, multidisciplinary input, and surgical approaches. The survey findings identified areas of consensus and disagreement, serving as a starting point for future discussions and research.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Susan E. Beekmann, Hilary M. Babcock, Mark S. Rasnake, Thomas R. Talbot, Philip M. Polgreen
Summary: Most infectious disease specialists rated their facility's preparedness plan for early COVID-19 vaccination as excellent or adequate; vaccine hesitancy and concern about adverse reactions were the most commonly anticipated barriers to COVID-19 vaccination; only 60% believed that COVID-19 vaccination should be mandatory.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Laura Anderson, Emily Schmitz, Philip M. Polgreen, Susan E. Beekmann, Nasia Safdar
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Philip M. Polgreen, Alejandro P. Comellas
Summary: Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, resulting in various medical conditions. Previously, carriers were not considered at risk for the associated diseases, but recent research suggests otherwise. Thus, there is a need for precise assessment of health risks for carriers.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Aaron C. Miller, Logan M. Harris, Joseph E. Cavanaugh, Mahmoud Abou Alaiwa, David A. Stoltz, Douglas B. Hornick, Philip M. Polgreen
Summary: Infection-related visits and antibiotic use decreased significantly in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) after initiating treatment with elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor. This nonantimicrobial therapy appears to have a substantial impact on respiratory infections and antimicrobial use in CF patients.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thomas R. Talbot, Susan E. Beekmann, Hilary M. Babcock, Philip M. Polgreen
Summary: This study examined the exemption policies and practices for healthcare personnel (HCP) COVID-19 vaccine requirements. The results showed that many healthcare institutions allow different types of exemptions, but there is significant variation in the types of exemptions allowed and how the exemption programs are structured.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew B. Janowski, Philip M. Polgreen, Susan E. Beekmann, Jason G. Newland
Summary: The perception of the transmission risks of SARS-CoV-2 in social and educational settings by US healthcare providers have different perspectives. High-risk activities identified include spending time in a bar, eating at a restaurant, and attending an indoor sporting event. Compared to students, teachers and pediatric providers have a lower perception of transmission risks.
Article
Immunology
Kapil K. Saharia, Shweta Anjan, Judy Streit, Susan E. Beekmann, Philip M. Polgreen, Matthew Kuehnert, Dorry L. Segev, John W. Baddley, Rachel A. Miller
Summary: Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) who have breakthrough infections after COVID-19 vaccination can develop severe and even critical illness. Two doses of COVID-19 vaccine may be insufficient to protect SOTR against severe disease and mortality.
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Manish Suneja, Susan E. Beekmann, Gurpreet Dhaliwal, Aaron C. Miller, Philip M. Polgreen
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic delays in infectious diseases and found that the failure to consider the diagnosis initially and not ordering appropriate tests were the two most important contributing factors. Unusual clinical presentations and not consulting infectious diseases physicians early enough were also reported as causes of delays.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael J. Durkin, Jason Lake, Philip M. Polgreen, Susan E. Beekmann, Adam L. Hersh, Jason G. Newland
Summary: A survey of adult infectious diseases physicians revealed concerns about the unintended consequences of antimicrobial stewardship programs, such as disagreement with colleagues, provider autonomy, and remote recommendations. Non-ASP physicians expressed more concern about the focus on costs, provider efficiency, and unintended consequences of ASP guidance.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Jason M. Sandberg, Hayden L. Warner, Kevin J. Flynn, Shawn M. Sexton, Hanh Td Pham, Blaize W. Kandler, Phillip M. Polgreen, Bradley A. Erickson
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of early primary wound closure in the treatment of early necrotizing soft-tissue infections of the genitalia. The results showed that early closure can decrease the need for skin grafting and reduce wound convalescence time.
Article
Microbiology
Aaron C. Miller, Alan T. Arakkal, Scott H. Koeneman, Joseph E. Cavanaugh, George R. Thompson, John W. Baddley, Philip M. Polgreen
Summary: The study analyzed diagnostic delays associated with histoplasmosis using IBM Marketscan data, revealing that patients experienced multiple visits and missed opportunities for diagnosis before being diagnosed. The average delay in diagnosis was 39.5 days, with patients who had prior antibiotic use, history of other pulmonary diseases, and visited on weekends being more likely to experience delays. New diagnostic approaches for histoplasmosis are needed.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jason G. Lake, Michael J. Durkin, Philip M. Polgreen, Susan E. Beekmann, Adam L. Hersh, Jason G. Newland
Summary: Pediatric antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been found to improve antibiotic use for hospitalized children, but there is a lack of data on infectious disease physicians' opinions of ASPs. A survey was conducted to assess the perceptions of pediatric infectious disease physicians, both ASP and non-ASP, regarding ASP practices and outcomes.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aaron C. Miller, Alan T. Arakkal, Scott H. Koeneman, Joseph E. Cavanaugh, Philip M. Polgreen
Summary: This study uses machine learning approaches to mine administrative data sources and recommend conditions for consideration in studying diagnostic delays. By analyzing initial symptoms and diagnosis codes, the approach successfully identifies clinically-plausible conditions and discovers more possible diagnostic delays in tuberculosis and appendicitis.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Janet B. Glowicz, Emily Landon, Emily E. Sickbert-Bennett, Allison E. Aiello, Karen deKay, Karen K. Hoffmann, Lisa Maragakis, Russell N. Olmsted, Philip M. Polgreen, Polly A. Trexler, Margaret A. VanAmringe, Amber R. Wood, Deborah Yokoe, Katherine D. Ellingson
Summary: The purpose of this document is to provide practical recommendations to acute-care hospitals for preventing healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene. It updates the previous version published in 2014 and is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology (SHEA) in collaboration with other organizations. This expert guidance document has major contributions from representatives of various organizations and societies.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alan T. Arakkal, Linnea A. Polgreen, Cole G. Chapman, Jacob E. Simmering, Joseph E. Cavanaugh, Philip M. Polgreen, Aaron C. Miller
Summary: The presence of opioids in a household significantly increases the risk of overdose among other family members who were not prescribed an opioid. Higher levels of opioid strength and quantity are associated with increased levels of risk. Risk estimates may reflect accidental poisonings among younger family members.