Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiang Zhu, Jing Feng, Kai Tian, Chong Li, Mei Li, Xinghui Qiu
Summary: This study investigates the involvement of overexpressed cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP6G4 in the metabolism and resistance of the insecticide propoxur in house flies. The researchers found that CYP6G4 could transform propoxur and identified six metabolites. Furthermore, they demonstrated that overexpression of CYP6G4 in fruit flies increased their tolerance to propoxur, indicating its role in resistance.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Chunmei You, Zelin Li, Yuanzhi Yin, Naretuya Na, Xiwu Gao
Summary: Both insecticide susceptibility and metabolic detoxification enzymes in house flies exhibit diel rhythmicity. This finding is important for controlling the widespread disease vector, the house fly.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Saraswoti Neupane, Christopher Saski, Dana Nayduch
Summary: House fly larval grazing significantly altered the abundance and diversity of bacterial, archaeal, and protist communities differently than manure aging alone. Larvae likely adjust community composition by directly feeding on and eliminating microbes, as well as by competing with predatory microbes for nutrients and prey. Overall, larval grazing reduced bacterial and archaeal diversities but increased protist diversity.
Article
Entomology
Yasser Abobakr, Faisal I. Al-Hussein, Alaa E. Bayoumi, Ali A. Alzabib, Ali S. Al-Sarar
Summary: The house fly, Musca domestica L., is an important pest associated with humans and livestock that has developed high levels of resistance to organophosphate insecticides in field populations collected from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Replacing these insecticides with novel ones that have different modes of action is urgent for effective pest control programs. Monitoring resistance development in house fly populations and understanding its mechanisms are essential for designing successful management strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yadi Liang, Lan Yang, Yongpeng Wang, Ting Tang, Fengsong Liu, Feng Zhang
Summary: MdPGRP-SC plays a crucial role in shaping the gut microbial community structure by degrading or neutralizing various PAMPs, selectively suppressing the growth of certain bacteria, and modulating the immune intensity of the gut.
INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oshneil S. Baker, Edmund J. Norris, Edwin R. Burgess
Summary: With the resistance to insecticides increasing, there is a need for new insecticides and synergists. This study evaluated the toxicity of three monoterpenoids compared to permethrin and methomyl on two common pests. The study also examined their potential to enhance the effectiveness of permethrin and methomyl when used together. The results showed that the monoterpenoids synergized both permethrin and methomyl and had potential for future pest control formulations.
Article
Entomology
F. Boatta, W. L. Jansen, L. W. Beukeboom, J. Ellers
Summary: Lipids are crucial for insects' survival and reproduction. This study investigated the differences in lipid development, quantity, and composition among house fly strains from different geographic origins under different temperature conditions. The results showed that strain, larval stage, and temperature all had significant effects on larval dry weight and lipid content, with interaction effects among these factors. The observed differences in lipid content could be important for commercial house fly rearing.
ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel H. Norris, Oshneil S. Baker, Edwin R. Burgess IV, Aaron Tarone, Alec Gerry, Rebecca T. Trout Fryxell, Nancy C. Hinkle, Cassandra Olds, David Boxler, Kenneth L. Wise, Erika T. Machtinger, Jeffrey G. Scott
Summary: House flies are a major concern for medical and veterinary health due to their ability to transmit a wide range of pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant ones. Chemical control, particularly the use of pyrethroid-based products, has been the favored method for fly population control. However, the long-term use of pyrethroids has resulted in the development of resistance in many fly populations, highlighting the need for new control chemistries. Fluralaner, a relatively new insecticide, has shown high toxicity towards house flies and limited cross-resistance with other insecticides. This study investigated the time and age dependency of fluralaner toxicity, detected cross-resistance in populations across the United States, and identified the mechanisms of fluralaner resistance. The findings provide valuable insights for the potential use of fluralaner in house fly control.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Fabrizio Bertelloni, Flavio Bresciani, Giulia Cagnoli, Bruno Scotti, Luca Lazzerini, Marco Marcucci, Giuseppe Colombani, Stefano Bilei, Teresa Bossu, Maria Laura De Marchis, Valentina Virginia Ebani
Summary: This study investigated the microbiological contamination of house flies in poultry and swine farms. It found abundant presence of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in the analyzed samples, with high levels of resistance against commonly used antimicrobials. One extended spectrum beta-lactamase producer strain carrying the blaTEM-1 gene was identified. Salmonella spp. was detected in about one third of the farms, with most of the tested antimicrobials effective against the isolated salmonellae. House flies could be significant vectors of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and Salmonella, posing a potential risk to farmed animals and practitioners.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caleb B. Hubbard, Alec C. Gerry
Summary: Research shows that house flies have developed resistance to the commonly used neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid through both physiological and behavioral mechanisms. Behavioral resistance is found to be located on autosomes 1 and 4, and inheritance of resistance is not fully dominant or recessive. This study opens up new avenues for understanding inherited behavior in house flies and other animals.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Ahmed M. Metwally, Salem S. Salem, Kotb M. Hammad, Khaled H. Metwaly, Mohamed A. Awad
Summary: This article discusses the application of ozone in eliminating houseflies in hospitals. The study found that a short duration of low-concentration ozone treatment was effective in eliminating houseflies and reducing pathogenic bacteria. However, further research is needed to assess the acceptability and efficacy of ozone in this field.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TROPICAL INSECT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Fabrizio Bertelloni, Giulia Cagnoli, Flavio Bresciani, Bruno Scotti, Luca Lazzerini, Marco Marcucci, Giuseppe Colombani, Valentina Virginia Ebani
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci in house flies collected from poultry and swine farms. The results showed that staphylococci were detected in the flies, with a majority of them being resistant to multiple antibiotics. House flies could potentially serve as a source of infection for animals and humans.
Article
Ecology
Noam Tzuri, Ayelet Caspi-Fluger, Kfir Betelman, Sarit Rohkin Shalom, Elad Chiel
Summary: The study reveals the horizontal transmission of bacterial symbionts among parasitoid species within the same trophic level, with such events being rare. Horizontal transmission occurred at low frequencies in interspecific combinations but did not persist in recipient species beyond F-4 generation.
Article
Zoology
Aqsa Fayyaz, Muhammad Kashif Zahoor, Asma Ashraf, Muhammad Asif Zahoor, Azhar Rasul, Humara Naz Majeed, Muhammad Zulhussnain, Kanwal Ranian, Bushra Riaz, Nazia Khalil, Attaullah Attaullah
Summary: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a highly contagious virus that affects domesticated and wild birds, with house flies potentially serving as mechanical vectors for transmission. A study in Faisalabad found that 20% of house fly samples collected from poultry farms were positive for NDV. These findings suggest that house flies may play a role in the transmission of NDV, and positive poultry farms could potentially infect nearby farms.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Joan Sanchez Matos, Alexia Tamyres Moreira Silva Barberino, Lara Pinto de Araujo, Ivon Pinheiro Lobo, Jose Adolfo de Almeida Neto
Summary: Using fly larvae for bioconversion of organic waste has great potential to produce high-value products efficiently, but there is a risk of harmful substances entering the food chain. Through bioconversion of cattle, swine, and chicken manure, it is possible to reduce waste volume and nutrients, produce biofertilizer and high protein and fat content larval biomass, and decrease environmental impact compared to other methods.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2021)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lucas Wauters, Raul Y. Tito, Matthias Ceulemans, An Outtier, Leen Rymenans, Chloe Verspecht, Joao Sabino, Marc Ferrante, Severine Vermeire, Tim Vanuytsel, Jeroen Raes
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ruben Wauters, Beatriz Herrera-Malaver, Michiel Schreurs, Peter Bircham, Charlotte Cautereels, Jeroen Cortebeeck, Paul M. Duffin, Jan Steensels, Kevin J. Verstrepen
Summary: This study demonstrates that refermentation can reduce the accumulation of staling aldehydes in beer. By using high-throughput screening and breeding, novel S. cerevisiae hybrids that survive for over a year in beer were developed, significantly increasing beer flavor stability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Deleu, Kaline Arnauts, Lowie Deprez, Kathleen Machiels, Marc Ferrante, Geert R. B. Huys, Johan M. M. Thevelein, Jeroen Raes, Severine Vermeire
Summary: Short-chain fatty acids and their bacterial producers are gaining increasing attention in inflammatory bowel diseases. Acetate, although less studied compared to butyrate, shows potential in being less toxic to epithelial cells, stimulating butyrate-producing bacteria, and having anti-inflammatory and barrier-protective properties. In a study using organoid-based monolayer cultures from ulcerative colitis patients, high acetate concentrations were found to improve epithelial resistance, decrease pro-inflammatory markers, and enhance barrier gene expression. These findings suggest that acetate may offer a promising approach for managing barrier defects and inflammation in IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine M. Kennedy, Marcus C. de Goffau, Maria Elisa Perez-Munoz, Marie-Claire Arrieta, Fredrik Backhed, Peer Bork, Thorsten Braun, Frederic D. Bushman, Joel Dore, Willem M. de Vos, Ashlee M. Earl, Jonathan A. Eisen, Michal A. Elovitz, Stephanie C. Ganal-Vonarburg, Michael G. Ganzle, Wendy S. Garrett, Lindsay J. Hall, Mathias W. Hornef, Curtis Huttenhower, Liza Konnikova, Sarah Lebeer, Andrew J. Macpherson, Ruth C. Massey, Alice Carolyn McHardy, Omry Koren, Trevor D. Lawley, Ruth E. Ley, Liam O'Mahony, Paul W. O'Toole, Eric G. Pamer, Julian Parkhill, Jeroen Raes, Thomas Rattei, Anne Salonen, Eran Segal, Nicola Segata, Fergus Shanahan, Deborah M. Sloboda, Gordon C. S. Smith, Harry Sokol, Tim D. Spector, Michael G. Surette, Gerald W. Tannock, Alan W. Walker, Moran Yassour, Jens Walter
Summary: The colonization of microbial communities in the human fetus and the prenatal intrauterine environment is still controversial. Recent studies analyzing microbial populations in human fetuses indicate that the detected signals might be due to contamination during sample collection or DNA sequencing processes. The presence of live and replicating microbial populations in healthy fetal tissues contradicts fundamental concepts in immunology and clinical microbiology. This has significant implications for our understanding of human immune development and highlights the challenges in studying microbial communities in low-biomass environments.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Charlotte van de Velde, Clemence Joseph, Kenneth Simoens, Jeroen Raes, Kristel Bernaerts, Karoline Faust
Summary: Synthetic communities grown in well-controlled conditions are important for understanding community dynamics. We used an automated fermentation system to study a synthetic human gut bacterial community and found that technical variability is the main source of variability in community profiling with 16S rRNA sequencing. HPLC and flow cytometry data showed low variability, suggesting a highly deterministic system.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
P. Vangeenderhuysen, J. Van Arnhem, B. Pomian, M. De Graeve, L. De Commer, G. Falony, J. Raes, A. Zhernakova, J. Fu, L. Y. Hemeryck, L. Vanhaecke
Summary: In recent years, feces has emerged as the ideal matrix for studying the connection between the gut microbiome and health due to its non-invasive sampling and ability to reflect an individual's lifestyle. To facilitate large cohort studies with limited availability, there is a need for high-throughput analyses that require minimal sample and resources. This study presents a workflow that combines fecal extraction and ultra high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution-quadrupole-orbitrap-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HR-Q-Orbitrap-MS) to enable targeted and untargeted metabolome and lipidome analysis.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daan Jansen, Gwen Falony, Sara Vieira-Silva, Ceren Simsek, Tine Marcelis, Clara Caenepeel, Kathleen Machiels, Jeroen Raes, Severine Vermeire, Jelle Matthijnssens
Summary: This study found that the composition of gut viruses is associated with the pathophysiology and therapeutic success of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), identifying two distinct gut viral configurations. These findings suggest a potential clinical relevance of gut viruses in the development and treatment of IBD.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charlene Goosen, Sebastian Proost, Jeannine Baumgartner, Kashish Mallick, Raul Y. Tito, Shaun L. Barnabas, Mark F. Cotton, Michael B. Zimmermann, Jeroen Raes, Renee Blaauw
Summary: This study aimed to determine the associations of HIV and iron status with gut microbiota composition, gut inflammation, and gut integrity in South African school-age children. The findings showed that iron deficiency is associated with gut inflammation, and both HIV and iron status have an impact on gut microbiota.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charlie Hatcher, George Richenberg, Samuel Waterson, Long H. Nguyen, Amit D. Joshi, Robert Carreras-Torres, Victor Moreno, Andrew T. Chan, Marc Gunter, Yi Lin, Conghui Qu, Mingyang Song, Graham Casey, Jane C. Figueiredo, Stephen B. Gruber, Jochen Hampe, Heather Hampel, Mark A. Jenkins, Temitope O. Keku, Ulrike Peters, Catherine M. Tangen, Anna H. Wu, David A. Hughes, Malte C. Ruehlemann, Jeroen Raes, Nicholas J. Timpson, Kaitlin H. Wade
Summary: This study applies Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer. The results suggest that higher abundance of Bifidobacterium and presence of an unclassified group of bacteria in the Bacteroidales order increase the risk of colorectal cancer. However, sensitivity analyses indicate that caution is needed when interpreting the results due to potential confounding factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Karel Thielemans, Yamina De Bondt, Luke Comer, Jeroen Raes, Nadia Everaert, Bert F. F. Sels, Christophe M. M. Courtin
Summary: Cellulose can be extracted from various sources and may help to bridge the dietary fiber gap in our diets. However, due to its crystalline structure and high polymerization, its fermentation in the human colon is limited. In this study, a modified cellulose with increased digestibility and fermentation potential was developed using mechanical treatment and acid hydrolysis. The modified cellulose showed improved fermentation and increased short-chain fatty acid production when exposed to human fecal microbiota.
Article
Pediatrics
An Samaey, Jorge Francisco Vazquez-Castellanos, Clara Caenepeel, Pieter Evenepoel, Severine Vermeire, Jeroen Raes, Noel Knops
Summary: This study investigated the clinical efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (rCDI) in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the effect on dysbiosis and uremic retention molecules (URM) levels. Results showed that FMT was effective in treating rCDI in CKD patients, but had minimal impact on dysbiosis and URM levels.
PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Petros Andrikopoulos, Judith Aron-Wisnewsky, Rima Chakaroun, Antonis Myridakis, Sofia K. Forslund, Trine Nielsen, Solia Adriouch, Bridget Holmes, Julien Chilloux, Sara Vieira-Silva, Gwen Falony, Joe-Elie Salem, Fabrizio Andreelli, Eugeni Belda, Julius Kieswich, Kanta Chechi, Francesc Puig-Castellvi, Mickael Chevalier, Emmanuelle Le Chatelier, Michael T. Olanipekun, Lesley Hoyles, Renato Alves, Gerard Helft, Richard Isnard, Lars Kober, Luis Pedro Coelho, Christine Rouault, Dominique Gauguier, Jens Peter Gotze, Edi Prifti, Philippe Froguel, Jean-Daniel Zucker, Fredrik Backhed, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Jean-Michel Oppert, Matthias Bluher, Jens Nielsen, Jeroen Raes, Peer Bork, Muhammad M. Yaqoob, Michael Stumvoll, Oluf Pedersen, S. Dusko Ehrlich, Karine Clement, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas
Summary: The study reveals that kidney function is the main determinant of circulating TMAO levels, while microbiota composition and diet play minor but significant roles. Mediation analysis suggests a causal relationship between TMAO and kidney function, which is supported by preclinical models. The study also finds that anti-diabetic drugs with reno-protective properties can lower TMAO levels.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charlie Hatcher, George Richenberg, Samuel Waterson, Long H. H. Nguyen, Amit D. D. Joshi, Robert Carreras-Torres, Victor Moreno, Andrew T. T. Chan, Marc Gunter, Yi Lin, Conghui Qu, Mingyang Song, Graham Casey, Jane C. C. Figueiredo, Stephen B. B. Gruber, Jochen Hampe, Heather Hampel, Mark A. A. Jenkins, Temitope O. O. Keku, Ulrike Peters, Catherine M. M. Tangen, Anna H. H. Wu, David A. A. Hughes, Malte C. C. Ruhlemann, Jeroen Raes, Nicholas J. J. Timpson, Kaitlin H. H. Wade
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
S. Deleu, C. Caenepeel, S. Verstockt, J. F. Vazquez Castellanos, K. Arnauts, S. Braekeleire, K. Machiels, F. Baert, F. Mana, L. Pouillon, P. Hindryckx, T. Lobaton Ortega, E. Louis, D. Franchimont, B. Verstockt, M. Ferrante, J. Sabino, S. Vieira-Silva, G. Falony, J. Raes, S. Vermeire
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
S. Deleu, B. Trindade de Carvalho, I. Jacobs, K. Arnauts, L. Deprez, E. Vissers, M. Lenfant, G. De Hertogh, G. Huys, J. Thevelein, J. Raes, S. Vermeire
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)