Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Larque, Haydee Lugo-Martinez, Xiadany Mendoza, Monserrat Nochebuena, Luis Novo, Ricardo Vilchis, Guadalupe Sanchez-Bringas, Laura Ubaldo, Myrian Velasco, Rene Escalona
Summary: This study investigates the effects of paternal obesity on the metabolic and reproductive health of offspring. The results show that a high-fat diet led to weight gain, increased visceral fat, impaired glucose control, and reduced insulin sensitivity in the obese fathers. Additionally, the offspring of these obese fathers exhibited increased body weight, reduced sperm viability in males, and a decrease in the number of primordial follicles in females. These findings suggest that metabolic and reproductive issues can be inherited through the paternal line.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jian-rong Huang, Ming-hua Zhang, Ying-jie Chen, Yu-ling Sun, Zhi-min Gao, Zhuo-jia Li, Gui-ping Zhang, Yuan Qin, Xiao-yan Dai, Xi-yong Yu, Xiao-qian Wu
Summary: This study found that mitochondrial autophagy was significantly downregulated in the hearts of experimental obese mice. By administering the naturally occurring microflora-derived metabolite urolithin A (UA), mitophagy was activated and metabolic cardiomyopathy (MC) was improved. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic effect of UA in the treatment of MC.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jun-Hui Choi, Ki-Man Kim, Se-Eun Park, Myung-Kon Kim, Seung Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. extract (PJE) and fenofibrate on diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice. The results showed that PJE treatment reduced feed efficiency ratio, body weight gain, and fat accumulation in the liver compared to the control group. Additionally, PJE administration improved lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and cardiac risk factors associated with DIO.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Thalita Vieira Nascimento Ximenes, Raquel Carvalho, Iluska Senna Bonfa, Vanessa Samudio Santos, Luciane Candeloro, Flavio Macedo Alves, Denise Brentan Silva, Carlos Alexandre Carollo, Karine de Cassia Freitas Gielow, Saulo Euclides Silva-Filho, Monica Cristina Toffoli-Kadri
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of Baccharis trimera infusion on high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders and macrophages activation. The results showed that B. trimera prevented the development of obesity and associated comorbidities, as well as the activation of macrophages. This study validates the popular use of this plant tea.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Leonardo Recena Aydos, Luane Aparecida do Amaral, Ana Cristina Jacobowski, Roberta Serafim de Souza, Eduardo Benedetti Parisotto, Mariana Biava de Menezes, Felipe Francisco Bittencourt Junior, Emely Schuindt Fernandes, Iandara Schettert Silva, Luciane Candeloro Portugal, Claudio Goncalves Oliveira, Gustavo Tsuyoshi Senra Masuko, Leandro Fontoura Cavalheiro, Carlos Eduardo Domingues Nazario, Elisvania Freitas dos Santos, Maria Ligia Rodrigues Macedo
Summary: The study found that supplementation of BPO may worsen metabolic disorders caused by a high-fat diet, exacerbating risk factors associated with MetS.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pei-Ying Huang, Ching-Ching Chiang, Ching-Ya Huang, Pin-Yu Lin, Han-Chun Kuo, Ching-Hua Kuo, Chia-Chien Hsieh
Summary: This study reveals that lunasin has potential therapeutic effects on insulin resistance and metabolic disorders caused by obesity by regulating glucose utilization and modulating metabolite profiles in cells and mice.
Article
Physiology
Chiara H. Moretti, Tomas A. Schiffer, Xuechen Li, Eddie Weitzberg, Mattias Carlstrom, Jon O. Lundberg
Summary: Studies in the past 15 years have shown the significant role of the gut microbiota in host metabolism. However, this study found that both germ-free and conventionally raised mice gained weight and developed metabolic dysfunction when fed a Western diet. The microbiota is not considered an essential factor in the onset of obesity and metabolic disorders according to the results of this study, suggesting that further exploration is needed in understanding the relationship between gut bacteria and metabolic diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shouan Zhu, Elise L. Donovan, Dawid Makosa, Padmaja Mehta-D'souza, Anita Jopkiewicz, Albert Batushansky, Dominic Cortassa, Aaron D. Simmons, Erika Barboza Prado Lopes, Michael Kinter, Timothy M. Griffin
Summary: This study investigates the contribution of obesity-induced metabolic stress to synovial joint tissue damage. The researchers found that dysfunction of chondrocyte mitochondria is related to osteoarthritis pathology, and the enzyme Sirt3 plays an important role in regulating this process. Surprisingly, depleting Sirt3 in cartilage at a young age protected against the development of cartilage degeneration and synovial hyperplasia induced by a high-fat diet. The protection mechanism involves increased cartilage glycolysis and reduced mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mon-Chien Lee, Yi-Ju Hsu, Hsin-Ching Sung, Ya-Ting Wen, Li Wei, Chi-Chang Huang
Summary: Women during pregnancy and the postpartum period, especially those with excessive caloric intake, have a higher risk of obesity and metabolic diseases. This study found that mice with low-fitness phenotype were more likely to develop metabolic abnormalities and obesity after dietary induction following delivery, while mice with high-fitness phenotype had a protective mechanism.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Henrik Gudbergsen, Anders Overgaard, Marius Henriksen, Eva Ejlersen Waehrens, Henning Bliddal, Robin Christensen, Sabrina Mai Nielsen, Mikael Boesen, Filip Krag Knop, Arne Astrup, Marianne Uggen Rasmussen, Cecilie Bartholdy, Cecilie Laubjerg Daugaard, Karen Ellegaard, Berit Lilienthal Heitmann, Else Marie Bartels, Bente Danneskiold-Samsoe, Lars Erik Kristensen
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of liraglutide in patients with overweight/obesity and KOA. The results showed that liraglutide led to significant weight loss at 52 weeks, but did not reduce knee pain compared to placebo.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dawoud Sulaiman, Leo Sungwong Choi, Hyeong Min Lee, Jaejin Shin, Dong Hwan Kim, Keun Woo Lee, Pierre Eftekhari, Angelique Quartier, Hyung Soon Park, Srinivasa T. Reddy
Summary: Vutiglabridin is a synthetic small molecule in clinical development for the treatment of obesity. It was found to interact with PON1 and protect it from oxidative damage. In mouse experiments, Vutiglabridin treatment increased plasma PON1 levels and activity, suggesting post-transcriptional modulation of PON1 by Vutiglabridin.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dae Seong Yoon, Su Yeon Cho, Hye Jin Yoon, Sang Ryong Kim, Un Ju Jung
Summary: The study found that PC can reduce white adipose tissue weight, adipocyte size, and plasma leptin levels in mice, along with decreased lipogenic enzyme activity and mRNA expression in adipose tissue. Additionally, PC can lower hepatic lipogenic enzyme activity and gene expression while increasing fatty acid oxidation and gene expression in the liver.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tengteng Ji, Bing Fang, Fang Wu, Yaqiong Liu, Le Cheng, Yixuan Li, Ran Wang, Longjiao Zhu
Summary: The number of obese people is increasing worldwide due to high-fat diets causing excess energy intake. A 12-week dietary intervention study on high-fat diet-induced obese mice showed that changing the diet significantly reduced weight gain and subcutaneous adipose tissue weight. Diet change also affected lipolysis, lipogenesis, and the proportion of adipocyte stem cells in different fat tissues.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min-Kyeong Hong, Youngji Han, Hae-Jin Park, Mi-Rae Shin, Seong-Soo Roh, Eun-Young Kwon
Summary: This study demonstrates that Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer (GU) extract and metformin have a synergistic action in preventing obesity and its complications. GU extract improves hepatic steatosis, dyslipidemia, glucose homeostasis, and inflammation by regulating gene expressions and enzyme activities related to lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis, and antioxidant activity. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic use of GU extract in combination with metformin for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lauren N. Woodie, Kaan T. Oral, Brianna M. Krusen, Mitchell A. Lazar
Summary: Obesity and metabolic diseases are common in industrialized societies due to circadian disruption caused by shift work, jet lag, and social obligations. The circadian rhythm of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) plays a critical role in regulating physiological, metabolic, and behavioral processes. However, disruptions in external cues or metabolic flexibility can lead to the development of obesity and metabolic disease. This review explores the circadian rhythm of nutrient metabolism and discusses obesity as a circadian disease.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ruhang Tang, Liufang Jing, Vincent P. Willard, Chia-Lung Wu, Farshid Guilak, Jun Chen, Lori A. Setton
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2018)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Leanne E. Iannucci, Alexander J. Boys, Mary Clare McCorry, Lara A. Estroff, Lawrence J. Bonassar
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2019)
Review
Orthopedics
C-L Wu, N. S. Harasymowicz, M. A. Klimak, K. H. Collins, F. Guilak
OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE
(2020)
Article
Orthopedics
Natalia Sara Harasymowicz, Asim Azfer, Richard Burnett, Hamish Simpson, Donald M. Salter
Summary: This study revealed that adiponectin receptor ADIPOR1 is the most abundant in primary OA chondrocytes, with differences in expression between lean and obese patients. Adiponectin was found to induce the expression of MCP-1, IL-6, and MMP-1 genes in all OA patients' chondrocytes, while the regulation of VCAM-1 and MMP-2 by adiponectin varied depending on the patient's body mass index. These findings suggest that adiponectin and ADIPOR1 may play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of cartilage degeneration in obese individuals with OA.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yun-Rak Choi, Kelsey H. Collins, Luke E. Springer, Lara Pferdehirt, Alison K. Ross, Chia-Lung Wu, Franklin T. Moutos, Natalia S. Harasymowicz, Jonathan M. Brunger, Christine T. N. Pham, Farshid Guilak
Summary: By using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and tissue engineering, a synthetic gene circuit has been created in cells that can trigger a specific therapeutic response based on changing levels of inflammatory cytokines. These bioengineered implants demonstrate rapid activation and recovery in vitro or in vivo, and show significant anti-inflammatory effects. This combination application offers new possibilities for treating chronic diseases.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
Jeremy D. Eekhoff, Leanne E. Iannucci, Spencer P. Lake
Summary: Shear stress in tendon cells activates the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO1, leading to an influx of calcium that enhances collagen crosslinking and increases tendon stiffness, potentially enhancing jumping performance.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Michael A. David, Alex J. Reiter, Chelsey L. Dunham, Ryan M. Castile, James A. Abraham, Leanne E. Iannucci, Ishani D. Shah, Necat Havlioglu, Aaron M. Chamberlain, Spencer P. Lake
Summary: In two preclinical models of elbow post-traumatic joint contracture, simvastatin (SV) may be a suitable prophylactic drug therapy, while losartan (LS) does not have the same effect. These findings provide initial insight for future studies aimed at preventing or mitigating elbow post-traumatic joint contracture.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Chukwuka Obiofuma, Christopher Dy, Leanne E. Iannucci, Spencer P. Lake, David Brogan
Summary: This study validates that there is a negligible correlation between increasing dorsal tilt and median nerve strain in distal radius fractures. Correcting dorsal tilt may not be necessary to improve neurologic symptoms, suggesting that other factors may be the primary cause of median neuropathy.
PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Leanne e. E. Iannucci, Jonathan M. M. Koscso, Ryan M. M. Castile, Spencer P. P. Lake, Matthew V. V. Smith
Summary: In a cadaveric model, suture tape augmentation shows similar subfailure joint biomechanical properties and failure mode compared to standard docking reconstruction. Graft strain may be slightly reduced in the 1 mm laxity group.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Leanne E. Iannucci, Matthew B. Riak, Spencer P. Lake
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different ECM properties on the polarization of light using polarimetry. Results showed that increasing collagen density enhanced polarization in both reflectance and transmission modes, while crosslinking had a modest effect on transmission mode and decreased polarization in reflectance mode. Changes in transmissivity mainly affected polarization in reflectance mode.
POLARIZED LIGHT AND OPTICAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM FOR BIOMEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS 2022
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Mechanical
Leanne E. Iannucci, Charles S. Dranoff, Michael A. David, Spencer P. Lake
Summary: Collagen plays a vital role in human tissues, and optical techniques are effective in imaging its dynamic situations for monitoring and diagnosing structural changes. This review aims to help researchers understand the optical properties of collagen and present new opportunities for machine learning approaches.
FRONTIERS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING-SWITZERLAND
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yingkai Chen, Zhongmin Zhu, Zuodong Liang, Leanne E. Iannucci, Spencer P. Lake, Viktor Gruev
Summary: Recent advancements in nanofabrication technology have led to the commercialization of single-chip polarization and color-polarization imaging sensors in the visible spectrum, raising questions about noise in the reconstructed polarization images. Theoretical analysis and experimental validation showed that noise in polarization angle images depends on incident light intensity and degree of linear polarization, while noise in linear polarization degree images depends on all three parameters: incident light intensity, angle, and degree of linear polarization. This theoretical model can guide the development of imaging setups for optimal polarization information recording.