Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mila Shakya, Merryn Voysey, Katherine Theiss-Nyland, Rachel Colin-Jones, Dikshya Pant, Anup Adhikari, Susan Tonks, Yama F. Mujadidi, Peter O'Reilly, Olga Mazur, Sarah Kelly, Xinxue Liu, Archana Maharjan, Ashata Dahal, Naheeda Haque, Anisha Pradhan, Suchita Shrestha, Manij Joshi, Nicola Smith, Jennifer Hill, Jenny Clarke, Lisa Stockdale, Elizabeth Jones, Timothy Lubinda, Binod Bajracharya, Sabina Dongol, Abhilasha Karkey, Stephen Baker, Gordan Dougan, Virginia E. Pitzer, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Shrijana Shrestha, Buddha Basnyat, Andrew J. Pollard
Summary: This study conducted a two-year randomized trial in Nepal, showing that the protective efficacy of typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) against typhoid fever was 79.0%. The incidence of typhoid fever in the TCV group was lower than that in the MenA group.
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Qianhua Zheng, Hui Zheng, Siyuan Zhou, Yunzhou Shi, Leixiao Zhang, Xianjun Xiao, Wei Zhang, Li Zhou, Ying Huang, Mingling Chen, Feng Zhong, Chuan Wang, Ying Li
Summary: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment for patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The study is designed as a multicentre, parallel, three-arm, randomised, sham-controlled trial, with various outcome measures including changes in weekly urticaria activity scores. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jun Zhao, Min Chen, Xin Wang, Kun Ye, Suhua Shi, Huixia Li, Jianfang Wang, Xiaowei Chen, Jinxia Ni, Qingshuang Wei, Yunzhou Shi, Yu Hu, Jingwen Sun, Da Li, Siyuan Liu, Zhigang Li, Hui Zheng, Shu-guang Yu
Summary: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for refractory IBS. Randomly assigned patients will receive either acupuncture or sham acupuncture, and outcomes will be compared to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jie Gao, Jinna Jia, Xurong Gao, Hongwen Ji
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of autologous platelet concentrate (APC) as a blood conservation technique to reduce blood transfusion in adult aortic surgery. It is a prospective, single-center, single-blind randomized controlled trial with a total of 344 adult patients undergoing aortic surgery. The primary outcome is the perioperative packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion rate, and the results will be published in an international peer-reviewed journal.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Qifu Li, Jialei Feng, Xinghe Zhang, Yanan Wang, Siwen Zhao, Chonghui Xing, Yongli Song, Xuanxiang Zeng, Meng Kong, Yunqiu Zheng, Ling Zhao, Taipin Guo
Summary: This is a clinical trial in China that aims to evaluate the efficacy of contralateral acupuncture (CAT) in women with unilateral migraine without aura (MwoA). The study will compare CAT with ipsilateral acupuncture (IAT) and sham acupuncture. The primary outcome is the changes in days of migraine attacks, and secondary outcomes include frequency, intensity, duration of migraines, medication intake, quality of life, disability assessment, headache impact, and sleep quality. The data will be collected at baseline, end of treatment, and follow-up visits. The study has received ethics approval and the results will be published and presented at conferences.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sanket S. Dhruva, Nilay D. Shah, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, Abhishek Deshmukh, Alexis L. Beatty, Ginger M. Gamble, James Freeman, James P. Hummel, Jonathan P. Piccini, Joseph G. Akar, Keondae Ervin, Kristine L. Arges, Lindsay Emanuel, Peter A. Noseworthy, Tiffany Hu, Victoria Bartlett, Joseph S. Ross
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of heart rate measurement, irregular rhythm notification, and ECG features of the Apple Watch on quality of life and healthcare utilisation of patients with atrial fibrillation and/or atrial flutter post-cardioversion. A total of 150 patients will be randomized to use Apple Watch Series 6 or Withings Move, with primary outcome being the difference in Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality-of-life global score at 6 months post-cardioversion, and secondary outcomes including healthcare utilisation and comparison with gold-standard data. The results will provide important data to policymakers, clinicians, and patients on the impact of widely used personal digital devices on patient quality of life and healthcare utilisation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fang-Ting Yu, Cun-Zhi Liu, Guang-Xia Ni, Guo-Wei Cai, Zhi-Shun Liu, Xiao-Qing Zhou, Chao-Yang Ma, Xiu-Li Meng, Jian-Feng Tu, He-Wen Li, Jing-Wen Yang, Shi-Yan Yan, Hai-Yang Fu, Wen-Tao Xu, Jing Li, Hong-Chun Xiang, Tian-Heng Sun, Beng Zhang, Mei-Hua Li, Wen-Jun Wan, Cheng He, Xiao-Lan Ji, Wei Zhu, Guang-Xia Shi, Li-Qiong Wang
Summary: This is a multicenter randomized sham-controlled trial aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for chronic sciatica. A total of 216 patients will be enrolled and followed up for 52 weeks. The primary outcomes are changes in leg pain intensity and disability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Oliveira, Carolina Godoy, Fabiana A. F. da Mata, Elaine Mateus, Ana Carolina Arruda Franzon, Nicolas Farina, Sara Evans-Lacko, Cleusa P. Ferri
Summary: This study aims to develop, deliver and evaluate the feasibility of a group antistigma intervention to improve knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards people living with dementia among community health workers. A randomized controlled feasibility trial will be conducted with 150 participants from primary care units in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The experimental group will receive a 3-day group intervention, while the control group will maintain their usual routine. The outcomes will be assessed at baseline and follow-up, with additional questions on feasibility for the experimental group. Results will be disseminated through academic journals and events, and intervention materials will be made available online.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hui Huang, Jing Wang, Haoran Li, Ruxue Lei, Weiwen Zou, Qun Huang, Na Gao, Yanlin Zheng
Summary: This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture in treating retinitis pigmentosa. 64 eligible patients will be randomly divided into two groups for a 48-session treatment over 3 months, with follow-up assessments at month 6/9. The primary outcome measures include visual field mean sensitivity and visual field mean deviation, while secondary outcomes include other visual indicators.
Article
Immunology
Shirin Kalimuddin, Yvonne F. Z. Chan, October M. Sessions, Kuan Rong Chan, Eugenia Z. Ong, Jenny G. Low, Antonio Bertoletti, Eng Eong Ooi
Summary: Vaccination-induced adaptive immune response plays a crucial role in protecting against infectious diseases. However, current studies mainly focus on humoral immune responses, while the significance of cellular immunity and the threshold of T cells in reducing infection burden remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of YF17D and JE-YF17D vaccines on cellular immune response to guide assessment and development of vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Caroline Lefeuvre, Helene De Pauw, Anne-Sophie Le Duc Banaszuk, Adeline Pivert, Alexandra Ducancelle, Franck Rexand-Galais, Marc Arbyn
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of two experimental invitation strategies in improving cervical cancer screening rates in rural areas of France. The results will provide valuable insights for improving screening coverage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Yuanyuan Wang, Andrew J. Teichtahl, Graeme Jones, Helen Keen, Catherine L. Hill, Anita E. Wluka, Jessica Kasza, Flavia M. Cicuttini
Summary: This study aims to investigate the potential effects of methotrexate on pain reduction in patients with hand osteoarthritis and synovitis over a 6-month period. By assessing various outcomes, including pain levels and quality of life, the study may provide valuable evidence for clinical practice guidelines and potentially influence current trends in managing hand osteoarthritis.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dimitra Anastasiadou, Mel Slater, Bernhard Spanlang, Desiderio Cano Porras, Marta Comas, Andreea Ciudin, Gemma Parramon Puig, Julia Vazquez-De Sebastian, Jose Antonio Ramos-Quiroga, Pilar Lusilla-Palacios
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a VR intervention specifically designed for people living with obesity. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 96 participants with BMI >30 over a 12-month period, assessing variables such as readiness to change, BMI, eating habits, and psychological well-being.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wenwen Chen, Fang Wang, Yuliang Zhao, Ling Zhang, Zhiwen Chen, Mingjin Dai
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of furosemide in reducing IDH in HD patients with residual renal function. Two-arm, parallel, multicenter RCT will be conducted with 560 HD patients, and results will be disseminated in national and international conferences as well as peer-reviewed journals.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rizwana Imran, Tarek Hassouna, Gurneet Sur, Anna Casey, Victoria Homer, Darren Barton, Kristian Brock, Khaled Altarrah, Naiem Moiemen
Summary: Despite recent advancements in burns wound management, burn wound infection (BWI) remains a major cause of mortality. Acetic acid (AA) has been used as a topical antibacterial agent for burns wounds, but there is no consensus on the optimal concentration, frequency, duration, and tolerability. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of 0.5% and 2% AA in colonized burns wounds for 3 days after admission.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alexandre Alberto Cunha Mendes Ferreira, Rosana Goncalves Goncalves Pinho, Lais Martins de Aquino, Filipe de Barros Perini, Fernanda Fernandes Fonseca, Alexsana Sposito Tresse, Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira, Vivian Avelino-Silva, Ana Roberta Pascom
Summary: This study describes the paediatric HIV cascade in Brazil in 2019 and analyzes the temporal trends between 2009 and 2019. The results show that children and adolescents living with HIV face challenges in achieving treatment goals. Lower access to antiretroviral therapy and higher viral load are among the barriers to improved paediatric care.
Article
Immunology
Vivian Avelino-Silva, Mateus Vailant Thomazella, Mariana Prado Marmorato, Carolina A. Correia, Juliana Z. C. Dias, Alvino Maestri, Natalia B. Cerqueira, Carlos H. Moreira, Renata Buccheri, Alvina C. Felix, Luiz G. F. A. B. E. Zanella, Priscilla R. Costa, Esper G. Kallas
Summary: This study found an independent association between yellow fever virus viral load and mortality, highlighting the importance of monitoring viremia. Early use of antiviral drugs or neutralizing monoclonal antibodies may improve disease outcomes.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jennifer Jao, Deborah Kacanek, Carly Broadwell, Denise L. Jacobson, Ellen G. Chadwick, Paige L. Williams, Kathleen M. Powis, Lisa B. Haddad, Lynn Yee, Pediat HIV AIDS Cohort Study
Summary: This study evaluated gestational weight gain (GWG) in pregnant individuals with HIV. The results showed that the type of antiretroviral treatment (ART) was not associated with excessive GWG overall. However, among overweight/obese pregnant individuals initiating ART during pregnancy, those on integrase inhibitor-based ART had higher weekly GWG in the second and third trimesters compared to other ART classes. Further research is needed to understand the long-term implications of increased GWG in overweight/obese pregnant individuals on maternal and child health.
Article
Virology
Lia Cunha, Adriana Luchs, Lais S. S. Azevedo, Vanessa C. M. Silva, Marcilio F. F. Lemos, Antonio C. C. Costa, Adriana P. P. Compri, Yasmin Franca, Ellen Viana, Fernanda Malta, Roberta S. S. Medeiros, Raquel Guiducci, Simone G. G. Morillo, Michele S. S. Gomes-Gouvea, Deyvid Amgarten, Joao R. R. Pinho, Regina C. C. Moreira
Summary: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was detected in capybara stool samples in urban parks in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The HEV-3f subtype showed a close relationship to European swine, wild boar, and human strains, indicating possible interspecies transmission. This is the first report of HEV detected in capybara stool samples worldwide.
Article
Microbiology
Leticia Mello Bezinelli, Luciana Correa, Stephany Beyerstedt, Erika Bevilaqua Rangel, Carlos Benitez, Nelson Hamerschlak, Joao Renato Rebello Pinho, Debora Heller, Fernanda de Paula Eduardo
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of an oral hygiene protocol in reducing the SARS-CoV-2 viral load in the oral cavity. The results showed that using chlorhexidine (CHX) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) in the oral rinse immediately after the procedure significantly reduced the viral load.
JOURNAL OF ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gabriel J. Seara-Morais, Bruna F. Pousada, Fabio F. Escaleira, Andre Mario Doi, Eliane Aparecida Rosseto Welter, Vivian I. Avelino-Silva
Summary: This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic mobility restrictions on syphilis and HIV testing in outpatient settings. The results showed a significant decrease in both syphilis and HIV tests performed in outpatient settings during mobility restrictions. The study also found a negative association between the number of tests performed and the percentage of positive results. These findings suggest an indirect impact of mobility restrictions on HIV and syphilis diagnostic testing during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the need for targeted testing strategies.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Eliane Aparecida Rosseto-Welter, Silvia Sanches Rodrigues, Amanda Braga de Figueiredo, Carolina Nunes Franca, Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira, Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi, Jonatas Bussador do Amaral, Ricardo Andreotti Siqueira, Laiz Camerao Bento, Ana Paula da Silva, Nydia Strachman Bacal, Carlos Eduardo dos Santos Ferreira, Cristovao Luis Pitangueira Mangueira, Joao Renato Rebello Pinho
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the cellular and humoral immune responses in individuals who received the CoronaVac vaccine followed by a booster with the Pfizer vaccine. Results showed an increase in gamma interferon-type cellular response after the first CoronaVac dose, while neutralizing and IgG antibody levels only rose after the second dose and decreased after 90 and 180 days. The booster with the Pfizer vaccine significantly enhanced both cellular and humoral responses. Participants with lower humoral immune responses had a higher number of double-negative and senescent T cells, as well as increased pro-inflammatory cytokines levels.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexis Jose-Abrego, Sonia Roman, Joao Renato Rebello Pinho, Michele Soares Gomes-Gouvea, Arturo Panduro
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HBV antiviral resistance and escape mutations in Mexico. The study found that a significant number of HBV patients in Mexico had resistance mutations, including multidrug resistance mutations. Resistance mutations were found in HBV genotypes A2 and H, and escape mutations were detected as well. Interestingly, Mexico had the earliest cases of HBV multidrug resistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Julie V. Sudovec-Somogyi, Felipe Krakauer, Alexandre A. Ferreira, Nickolas Stabellini, Fernanda Rick, Vivian I. Avelino-Silva
Summary: The impact of Brazil's Treatment For All policy and the adoption of integrase strand transfer inhibitors as first-line therapy on clinical indicators of people living with HIV has been analyzed. The results highlight the positive effects of these policies but also the need for specific policies to improve HIV care for children, older adults, women, and socially vulnerable groups.
Article
Immunology
Cornelia A. M. van de Weg, Mateus Thomazella, Mariana P. Marmorato, Carolina A. Correia, Juliana Z. C. Dias, Alvino Maestri, Luiz G. F. A. B. E. Zanella, Natalia B. Cerqueira, Alvina C. Felix, Carlos H. Moreira, Renata Buccheri, Priscilla R. Costa, Esper G. Kallas
Summary: In a large yellow fever outbreak in Sao Paulo, Brazil in 2018, it was found that angiopoietin 2, a marker related to endothelial damage, is strongly associated with mortality. This suggests that angiopoietin 2 could serve as a predictive marker for fatal outcomes in yellow fever cases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stefany Hong, Marina Alessandra Pereira, Carolina Ribeiro Victor, Joao Vitor Antunes Gregorio, Bruno Zilberstein, Ulysses Ribeiro Junior, Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos
Summary: Preoperative chemotherapy improves surgical and oncological outcomes in gastric cancer patients and leads to increased overall survival.
ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA-BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eleazar Chaib, Joao Luiz Erbs Pessoa, Claudio Jose Struchiner, Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Eduardo Massad
Summary: This study analyzed the correlation between mortality of patients on the liver transplant waiting list and the MELD score. The results showed that the best MELD score for patients on the waiting list in Sao Paulo State was 26, which minimized the mortality in both non-transplanted and transplanted patients.
ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA-BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stefany Hong, Marina Alessandra Pereira, Andre Roncon Dias, Ulysses Ribeiro Jr, Luiz Augusto Carneiro D'albuquerque, Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the rate of failure to rescue (FTR) after gastrectomy and investigate the factors associated with its occurrence. The results showed that the FTR rate was 33.3%. Advanced age, worse performance, and nutritional parameters were associated with FTR. Clinical complications had a higher mortality rate, with pulmonary complications and infections being the most lethal. Patients with major complications grade III/IV had worse survival than those without complications.
ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA-BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF DIGESTIVE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Fernando Franco-Miraglia, Beatriz Martins-Freitas, Andre Mario Doi, Rubia Anita Ferraz Santana, Joao Renato Rebello Pinho, Vivian I. Avelino-Silva
Summary: The cycle threshold (Ct) values in COVID-19 RT-PCR tests are associated with viral load and transmissibility. This study found significant associations between Ct values and patient's age, sample collection setting, and pandemic period. Older age, samples collected in emergency units during the Gamma and Delta periods, were associated with lower Ct values, while children under 10 years old, home-based tests, and the Omicron period were associated with higher Ct values. There was a linear trend between age and Ct values, with Ct values decreasing as age increases. No clear temporal associations were found between Ct values and local indicators of COVID-19 incidence, mortality, or vaccination coverage.
REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO
(2023)
