Article
Oncology
Yiqing Huang, Yu Yang Soon, Folefac Aminkeng, Sen Hee Tay, Yvonne Ang, Adrian C. L. Kee, Boon Cher Goh, Alvin S. C. Wong, Ross A. Soo
Summary: This study analyzed IrAEs in NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy, and found that concomitant chemotherapy use, higher BMI, and the presence of EGFR mutation were significant predictors for IrAEs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jianqiong Yin, Yuanjun Wu, Xue Yang, Lu Gan, Jianxin Xue
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are drugs used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer by enhancing the function of T cells and producing long-lasting antitumor effects. However, ICIs can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including severe pneumonia. Currently, the diagnosis and mechanisms of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) are not well understood.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Xiao Hu, Jin Ren, Qianfei Xue, Rumei Luan, Dongyan Ding, Jie Tan, Xin Su, Junling Yang
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have a significant role in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. However, immune-related adverse events, particularly checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis, limit their clinical application. This study summarizes the occurrence, characteristics, pathogenesis, risk factors, and management of checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis to enhance our understanding and guide treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
F. Conforti, L. Palay, E. Pagan, C. Corti, V. Bagnardi, P. Queirolo, C. Catania, T. De Pasy, G. Giacconey
Summary: In advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients expressing high PD-L1 levels, the effectiveness of anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 monotherapy was significantly greater in men compared to women. This suggests the need for further prospective trials testing sex-based tailored immunotherapy strategies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Florus C. de Jong, Vera C. Rutten, Tahlita C. M. Zuiverloon, Dan Theodorescu
Summary: PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors show promise in high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer, but challenges such as biomarkers for response stratification and potentially synergistic combination therapy regimens with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade need to be addressed to improve patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Elina Khatoon, Dey Parama, Aviral Kumar, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, Sosmitha Girisa, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
Summary: Ovarian cancer is a deadly gynecological cancer with a low survival rate. Recent advancements in immunotherapy, particularly targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, have shown promise in enhancing anti-tumor activity. Combinatorial treatment with small molecule inhibitors has also shown improved efficacy.
Review
Oncology
Alberto Carretero-Gonzalez, Irene Otero, David Lora, Lucia Carril-Ajuria, Daniel Castellano, Guillermo de Velasco
Summary: The study examines the benefits and risks of adding ICIs to standard of care, finding that adding ICIs can prolong survival with no early detrimental effect. Results show that ICIs arm has better PFS, OS, and ORR compared to SOC, although also associated with a slight increase in high-grade adverse events.
Review
Immunology
Mao Lin, Zongyao Huang, Yingfu Chen, Hongtao Xiao, Ting Wang
Summary: This review systematically summarizes the outcomes of lung cancer patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment and discusses the role of COPD in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in lung cancer immunotherapy, providing novel insights for the clinical treatment of lung cancer patients with COPD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rena Pollack, Joshua Stokar, Natan Lishinsky, Irina Gurt, Naomi Kaisar-Iluz, Merav E. E. Shaul, Zvi G. G. Fridlender, Rivka Dresner-Pollak
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) commonly lead to adverse events in the thyroid, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Through RNA-sequencing, we found 952 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the thyroid tissues of a lung cancer murine model treated with αPD-1. Pathway analysis revealed that apoptosis and necrosis pathways were activated, leading to tissue destruction and thyroiditis. Our study suggests unique gene expression changes in the thyroid associated with αPD-1 therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zikun Peng, Ming Li, Huayi Li, Qinglei Gao
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment in oncology, but have shown modest efficacy in ovarian cancer. This review summarizes clinical trials of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in ovarian cancer, categorizes resistance mechanisms, and introduces candidate approaches to enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies by rewiring the tumor microenvironment (TME).
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianjing Chu, Wentao Tian, Ziqi Wang, Jing Zhang, Rongrong Zhou
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment by offering long-lasting responses and survival benefits. However, response rates vary among individuals and cancer types, leading to the proposal of dual ICI combination therapy. TIGIT, an inhibitory receptor associated with T-cell exhaustion, has diverse immunosuppressive effects and can synergize with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade to enhance tumor rejection. Preclinical studies have shown potential benefits, and clinical trials are underway to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TIGIT and PD-1/PD-L1 co-inhibition. Overall, co-inhibition of TIGIT and PD-1/PD-L1 represents a promising approach to improve outcomes for cancer patients treated with ICIs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xianzhe Yu, Xiaoqian Zhai, Juan Wu, Qingbo Feng, Chenggong Hu, Lingling Zhu, Qinghua Zhou
Summary: Gastric cancer is a global health problem, and traditional therapies have limited efficacy. Immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors, particularly therapeutic antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, has made substantial breakthroughs in the treatment of gastric cancer.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wen Kou, Yan Yan Lin, Fei Su, Yue Xiang, Hui Qiao, Xin'An Wu, Xiao-Ming Hou
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a pharmaceutical care program in reducing adverse events in NSCLC patients receiving ICIC therapies. The program, which involved pharmacist interventions, optimized drug therapy and resulted in significant decreases in adverse events such as nausea, constipation, diarrhea, and myelosuppression.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Antonella Fameli, Valerio Nardone, Mojtaba Shekarkar Azgomi, Giovanna Bianco, Claudia Gandolfo, Bianca Maria Oliva, Marika Monoriti, Rita Emilena Saladino, Antonella Falzea, Caterina Romeo, Natale Daniele Calandruccio, Domenico Azzarello, Rocco Giannicola, Luigi Pirtoli, Antonio Giordano, Pierfrancesco Tassone, Pierosandro Tagliaferri, Maria Grazia Cusi, Luciano Mutti, Cirino Botta, Pierpaolo Correale
Summary: Peripheral immune-checkpoint blockade with PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies is a promising treatment strategy for mNSCLC patients. This study investigates the impact of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade on specific immune cell subsets and suggests a correlation between immune subpopulation deregulation and autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Chengming Liu, Sihui Wang, Sufei Zheng, Fei Xu, Zheng Cao, Xiaoli Feng, Yan Wang, Qi Xue, Nan Sun, Jie He
Summary: Immunotherapy has drawn significant attention in oncology, but traditional biomarkers for anti-PD-1 therapy may not be suitable for NSCLC clinical practice due to technical biases. The novel BRGPI, a gene expression-based index, showed strong potential as a predictive tool for identifying NSCLC patients who may benefit from anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, outperforming PD-L1 as a prognostic factor. Patients with low BRGPI and high PD-L1 levels were found to derive more clinical benefits from anti-PD-1 therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Respiratory System
Tommaso Morelli, Kohei Fujita, Gil Redelman-Sidi, Paul T. Elkington
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have greatly impacted cancer treatment, but immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and infections caused by immunosuppression are common issues. However, some infections can be triggered by ICIs without immunosuppressive treatment, characterized by dysregulated immune responses. A new framework is needed to consider such infections in the context of cancer immunotherapy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takeshi Matsumoto, Kimihiko Murase, Yasuharu Tabara, Takuma Minami, Osamu Kanai, Hirofumi Takeyama, Hironobu Sunadome, Tadao Nagasaki, Naomi Takahashi, Yoshinari Nakatsuka, Satoshi Hamada, Tomohiro Handa, Kiminobu Tanizawa, Isuzu Nakamoto, Tomoko Wakamura, Naoko Komenami, Kazuya Setoh, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Takanobu Tsutsumi, Satoshi Morita, Yoshimitsu Takahashi, Takeo Nakayama, Susumu Sato, Toyohiro Hirai, Fumihiko Matsuda, Kazuo Chin
Summary: A recent study found an association between blood glucose dysregulation and sleep disruption, particularly in patients without antidiabetic treatment. This association was more prominent in middle-aged individuals and women.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kohei Fujita, Osamu Kanai, Takanori Ito, Zentaro Saito, Takuma Imakita, Issei Oi, Yuki Yamamoto, Masayuki Hashimoto, Satoru Sawai, Hiroaki Hata, Takao Odagaki, Tadashi Mio
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of bronchoscopies, outpatients, and hospital admissions. Retrospective analysis showed significant effects of the pandemic on these numbers in the first year, but only outpatients were significantly affected in the second year. The number of bronchoscopies and admissions was not significantly affected in the second year.
Article
Respiratory System
Kohei Fujita, Masataka Hirai, Zentaro Saito, Takanori Ito, Takuma Imakita, Issei Oi, Osamu Kanai, Hiromasa Tachibana, Tadashi Mio
Summary: We report a successful case of treating thoracic empyema in a 92-year-old patient by CT-guided insertion of a pigtail catheter. Managing pyothorax in elderly patients poses challenges due to limited physical activity and cognitive decline. Our case exemplifies the successful treatment of pyothorax in geriatric patients, highlighting the possibility of successful treatment even in the most aged individuals.
RESPIROLOGY CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Issei Oi, Zentaro Saito, Takanori Ito, Takuma Imakita, Osamu Kanai, Kohei Fujita, Hiromasa Tachibana, Minako Mori, Koki Morioshi, Tadashi Mio
Summary: This report presents a case of a 79-year-old Japanese man with orbital extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) and stage IIIA lung cancer. The patient underwent concurrent chemoradiation for lung cancer using carboplatin/paclitaxel treatment, which led to regression of both the lymphoma and lung cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of concurrent orbital EMZL and lung cancer. The case suggests that chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel may be an effective treatment for both lung cancer and lymphoma.
RESPIROLOGY CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hironobu Sunadome, Kimihiko Murase, Yasuharu Tabara, Takeshi Matsumoto, Takuma Minami, Osamu Kanai, Tadao Nagasaki, Naomi Takahashi, Satoshi Hamada, Kiminobu Tanizawa, Jumpei Togawa, Sayaka Uiji, Tomoko Wakamura, Naoko Komenami, Kazuya Setoh, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Satoshi Morita, Yoshimitsu Takahashi, Takeo Nakayama, Toyohiro Hirai, Susumu Sato, Fumihiko Matsuda, Kazuo Chin
Summary: This study utilized large-scale epidemiological data to explore the association between serum uric acid (sUA) levels, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) severity, and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The findings revealed a clear correlation between sUA levels and the severity of SDB, with elevated sUA posing a risk for diabetes mellitus (DM) in females with moderate to severe SDB (MS-SDB).
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshinari Nakatsuka, Kimihiko Murase, Kazuhiro Sonomura, Yasuharu Tabara, Tadao Nagasaki, Satoshi Hamada, Takeshi Matsumoto, Takuma Minami, Osamu Kanai, Hirofumi Takeyama, Hironobu Sunadome, Naomi Takahashi, Isuzu Nakamoto, Kiminobu Tanizawa, Tomohiro Handa, Taka-Aki Sato, Naoko Komenami, Tomoko Wakamura, Satoshi Morita, Osamu Takeuchi, Takeo Nakayama, Toyohiro Hirai, Yoichiro Kamatani, Fumihiko Matsuda, Kazuo Chin
Summary: In this study, researchers identified 20 metabolites related to sleep disordered breathing (SDB) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. These metabolites were found to be closely related to fructose metabolism. Further analysis revealed that moderate-severe SDB was a significant factor for increased plasma fructose levels, and CPAP treatment can lower plasma fructose levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Takuma Imakita, Kohei Fujita, Takanori Ito, Zentaro Saito, Issei Oi, Osamu Kanai, Hiromasa Tachibana, Satoru Sawai, Tadashi Mio
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of re-immunotherapy with nivolumab plus ipilimumab in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients who had received prior anti-PD-1 and/or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. The results showed an objective response rate of 17% and a disease control rate of 48% for nivolumab plus ipilimumab therapy. The study suggests that re-immunotherapy may be feasible and beneficial in selected patients, but further prospective studies are needed.
Article
Oncology
Takanori Ito, Kohei Fujita, Zentaro Saito, Takuma Imakita, Issei Oi, Osamu Kanai, Hiromasa Tachibana, Tadashi Mio
Summary: Since the FLAURA trial, osimertinib has become the first-line therapy for EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. However, there is limited data on the efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors for NSCLC patients with uncommon mutations, such as EGFR L718V/Q. This case report presents a rare case of NSCLC with de novo EGFR L718V and L858R mutations, where the patient showed resistance to osimertinib but responded well to afatinib, consistent with previous findings.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CANCER: CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Eriko Kashihara, Kohei Fujita, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Takao Odagaki
Summary: Mycobacterium farcinogenes, the causative agent of bovine farcy, shares common properties with rapidly growing mycobacteria. Distinguishing between M. farcinogenes and M. fortuitum is complex and challenging. Only a few studies have isolated M. farcinogenes from human clinical samples.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Kohei Fujita, Takuma Imakita, Yuki Yamamoto, Osamu Kanai, Misato Okamura, Koichi Nakatani, Tadashi Mio
Article
Oncology
Masashi Nishimura, Yoshifumi Kimizuka, Takunori Ogawa, Motohiro Tsuchiya, Yoshiki Kato, Akira Matsukida, Shunya Igarashi, Koki Ito, Yusuke Serizawa, Tomomi Tanigaki, Yuji Fujikura, Yuka Katsurada, Sho Ogata, Akihiko Kawana
Summary: This study reports a case of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis occurring after chemotherapy. The patient showed improvement after discontinuing immunotherapy and receiving steroid treatment.
Article
Oncology
Yuta Ohishi, Yoko Nakanishi, Yukari Hirotani, Atsuko Suzuki, Tomoyuki Tanino, Haruna Nishimaki-Watanabe, Hiroko Kobayashi, Fumi Nozaki, Sumie Ohni, Xiaoyan Tang, Kentaro Hayashi, Yoshiko Nakagawa, Tetsuo Shimizu, Ichiro Tsujino, Noriaki Takahashi, Yasuhiro Gon, Shinobu Masuda
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological differences and therapeutic response of NSCLC patients with SDC4::ROS1 fusion to crizotinib. The study found that different ROS1 fusion partners may affect the efficacy of crizotinib and patient prognosis. In addition, higher expression levels of ROS1 and pERK1/2 in tumor cells of case 2 may be related to the therapeutic response and prognosis.
Review
Oncology
Zitong Zheng, Juanjuan Liu, Junling Ma, Runting Kang, Zhen Liu, Jiangyong Yu
Summary: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. Over the past decade, immunotherapy has made progress in the treatment of SCLC, but current immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited benefits for patient survival. Therefore, it is important to explore new targets and develop drugs with novel mechanisms for immunotherapy in SCLC.
Article
Oncology
Kazuto Sugai, Kojiro Nakaoka, Rika Tobita, Shinji Kikuchi, Kei Inoue, Midori Enokido, Moriyuki Kiyoshima
Summary: This article presents a case of multilocular mediastinal cyst leading to the development of thymic cancer. Resection of multilocular anterior mediastinal cysts should be considered due to the challenges in preoperative diagnosis, the potential for coexisting tumors with cysts, and the risk of malignant tumor development.
