Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ezequiel Bellorin-Font, Eudocia Rojas, Kevin J. Martin
Summary: Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) involves alterations in calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), Vitamin D, and fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) metabolism, leading to bone fractures and vascular disease. The bone component of CKD-MBD, known as renal osteodystrophy, starts early during CKD progression. Factors such as osteoporosis may also contribute to the risk of bone fracture. After kidney transplantation, these bone alterations may persist, progress, or transform due to new pathogenetic mechanisms. This study reviews the bone lesions that occur during CKD and after kidney transplant.
Review
Cell Biology
Hsin-Jung Ho, Hitoshi Shirakawa
Summary: The kidney contains mitochondria that produce ATP for cellular processes, but impaired mitochondria can cause oxidative stress injury. There is increasing evidence linking oxidative stress to kidney diseases and providing insights into mitochondria-targeted therapeutics. This review integrates recent studies on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in kidney diseases, focusing on chronic kidney disease, and identifies potential drugs that modulate mitochondrial function for clinical therapeutics.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Dengpiao Xie, Liangbin Zhao, Ling Wu, Qing Ji
Summary: This study found that BTMs were significantly higher in patients with advanced CKD stages compared to early stages. PTH level was positively correlated with BTM levels in patients with CKD. Patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) had higher levels of beta-CTX and N-MID OC than those without SHPT.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioannis Tsomidis, George Notas, Costas Xidakis, Argyro Voumvouraki, Dimitrios N. Samonakis, Mairi Koulentaki, Elias Kouroumalis
Summary: This study investigated enzyme activities in liver tissue of patients with liver fibrosis and found that PH significantly increased in early and late stages of PBC, while collagenase only decreased in the late stages. Viral fibrosis is due to decreased degradation rather than increased synthesis. The final biochemical stages of liver fibrosis may vary according to underlying etiology.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Mathias Haarhaus, Pieter Evenepoel
Summary: Patients with chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of fractures due to impaired bone quality and quantity. Pharmacological therapy can improve bone mineral density and reduce fracture risk in moderate CKD, but its efficacy in advanced CKD remains uncertain. Adynamic bone disease has emerged as the predominant form of renal osteodystrophy, commonly associated with poor outcomes.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Stacie C. Summers, Jessica Quimby, Amanda Blake, Deborah Keys, Joerg M. Steiner, Jan Suchodolski
Summary: This study aimed to compare the serum and fecal amino acid concentrations between cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and healthy cats. The results showed that cats with CKD had lower concentrations of certain amino acids and higher concentrations of others in their serum, indicating significant differences compared to healthy cats.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jialin Hu, Shichao Wei, Yifeng Gu, Yang Wang, Yangkun Feng, Jiayi Sheng, Lei Hu, Chaoqun Gu, Peng Jiang, Yu Tian, Wei Guo, Longxian Lv, Fengping Liu, Yeqing Zou, Feng Yan, Ninghan Feng
Summary: This study found that there is dysbiosis of the gut mycobiome in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and this dysbiosis is associated with immunological disorder. These findings suggest that therapeutic strategies targeting the gut mycobiome might be effective.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleni Moysidou, Georgios Lioulios, Aliki Xochelli, Vasiliki Nikolaidou, Michalis Christodoulou, Zoi Mitsoglou, Stamatia Stai, Asimina Fylaktou, Aikaterini Papagianni, Maria Stangou
Summary: The study found significant lymphopenia in both SLE and ESKD patients, with different effects on B cell and T cell senescence. SLE patients showed a shift towards senescent B cell subpopulations, while ESKD patients had alterations in T cell populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Line Marker, Peter Schjerling, Abigail L. Mackey, Thomas Hansen, Jens Jakobsen, Michael Kjaer, Michael R. Krogsgaard
Summary: Various collagen genes are activated and total collagen mRNA levels are increased in patients with primary frozen shoulder. MMP-2, MMP-14, TGF-beta 1, and TGF-beta 3 are upregulated in all phases of the disease.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Aoran Huang, Guangying Guo, Yanqiu Yu, Li Yao
Summary: Collagen plays a crucial role in diseases like renal fibrosis and vascular calcification, and its overexpression exacerbates disease progression. Targeting collagen overexpression can prevent or slow the development of these diseases, with stem cell therapy showing potential as an effective treatment strategy.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashani Lecamwasam, Toby Mansell, Elif I. Ekinci, Richard Saffery, Karen M. Dwyer
Summary: This study investigated the metabolomic profiles of plasma and urine samples from patients with early and late stage diabetes-associated chronic kidney disease. The results revealed abnormal lipid metabolism in late stage CKD, including reduced ApoA1 concentration, increased ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, increased LDL-TG concentration, and reduced HDL-C concentration. The findings suggest that complex metabolite profiles could provide additional data for more specific cardiovascular risk stratification.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xi Huang, Liwen Gao, Ruyu Deng, Yu Peng, Shanshan Wu, Jiandong Lu, Xinhui Liu
Summary: Huangqi-Danshen decoction (HDD), a Chinese herbal preparation, was found to protect against adenine-induced CKD, improve renal pathological injury and fibrosis, and reshape glucose metabolism profiles in CKD mice. HDD treatment restored the expression of key enzymes of glucose metabolism in the kidneys of CKD mice. This study suggests the potential of targeting glucose metabolism for the treatment of CKD.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Brendon G. Neuen, Robert Fletcher, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink
Summary: The editorial suggests that the benefit of empagliflozin in slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease is less evident among patients who do not receive RAS blockade. This is because this subgroup only accounts for 15% of the overall trial population, resulting in less precise effect estimates and wider confidence intervals.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huan-Da Chen, Chih-Chuan Yu, I-Hsiao Yang, Chi-Chih Hung, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Der-Cherng Tarng, Jer-Ming Chang, Daw-Yang Hwang
Summary: This study reveals the significance of ADTKD-UMOD as a cause of chronic kidney disease in the Taiwanese population, identifying two previously unreported UMOD missense variants.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Stan R. Ursem, Annemieke C. Heijboer, Patrick C. D'Haese, Geert J. Behets, Etienne Cavalier, Marc G. Vervloet, Pieter Evenepoel
Summary: This study aimed to compare non-oxidized PTH with total PTH as markers of bone turnover in patients with kidney failure. The results showed that there was no added value in measuring non-oxidized PTH compared to total PTH in indicating bone turnover in this patient population. The discriminatory abilities of non-oxidized PTH and total PTH were similar for low and high bone turnover.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Transplantation
Nadja Sparding, Federica Genovese, Daniel Guldager Kring Rasmussen, Morten Asser Karsdal, Michaela Neprasova, Dita Maixnerova, Veronika Satrapova, Doubravka Frausova, Mads Hornum, Lenka Bartonova, Eva Honsova, Marek Kollar, Helena Koprivova, Zdenka Hruskova, Vladimir Tesar
Summary: This study found that levels of circulating and excreted ETP are associated with kidney function, CKD severity, and the extent of interstitial fibrosis, gradually increasing with higher fibrotic burden. ETP outperformed the known fibrosis biomarker Dickkopf-3 in discriminating patients with high fibrotic burden.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Letter
Dermatology
Signe Holm Nielsen, Solveig Skovlund Groen, Yiqiu Yao, Astrid-Helene Ravn Jorgensen, Valdemar Wendelboe Nielsen, Morten Karsdal, Kristoffer Gehring, Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen, Simon Francis Thomsen
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helena Port, Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen, Yi He, Morten A. A. Karsdal, Thorbjorn Gantzel, Christian S. S. Thudium, Signe Holm Nielsen
Summary: The development of a competitive chemiluminescence enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CALC2, targeting the type II collagen C-terminal pro-peptide as a marker of cartilage formation was evaluated. The CALC2 level was measured after in vitro cleavage of recombinant type II collagen and treatment of human osteoarthritis cartilage explant model with insulin-like growth factor-1. Serum CALC2 levels were found to be decreased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis compared to controls. These results suggest that CALC2 may be a novel biomarker of type II collagen formation, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Daan Kremer, Firas F. Alkaff, Adrian Post, Tim J. Knobbe, Martin Tepel, Olivier Thaunat, Stefan P. Berger, Jacob van den Born, Federica Genovese, Morten A. Karsdal, Daniel G. K. Rasmussen, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Behalf Transplant Lines Investigators
Summary: This study found a strong association between plasma endotrophin and graft failure and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. The findings suggest that abnormal extracellular matrix turnover and fibrosis play a key role in the prognosis of kidney transplant recipients and highlight the need for interventional studies targeting the profibrotic state of these patients.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Stine Hoyer Finsen, Martin Tepel, Mette Neland, Soren Rittig, Helle Charlotte Thiesson
Summary: This case report describes a successful renal transplantation in a pediatric patient with Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia using a steroid-free, low-dose immunosuppressive protocol. The patient has survived for 7 years with no serious infections, rejections or de novo donor-specific antibodies.
PEDIATRIC TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nadja Sparding, Federica Genovese, Daniel Guldager Kring Rasmussen, Morten A. Karsdal, Nicoline V. Krogstrup, Marie Bodilsen Nielsen, Mads Hornum, Subagini Nagarajah, Henrik Birn, Bente Jespersen, Martin Tepel, Rikke Norregaard
Summary: This study evaluated endotrophin (ETP) as a prognostic marker in kidney transplant recipients. It found that ETP levels in the blood on the first day after transplantation were strongly associated with delayed graft function, while ETP levels in the urine at the third month after transplantation were significantly correlated with kidney graft function at twelve months. The measurement of collagen type VI formation could aid in predicting graft function in kidney transplant recipients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mette J. Nielsen, Grace E. Dolman, Rebecca Harris, Peder Frederiksen, Jane Chalmers, Jane I. Grove, William L. Irving, Morten A. Karsdal, Keyur Patel, Diana Julie Leeming, Indra Neil Guha
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value of the fibrogenesis marker PRO-C3 and the ALBI score in predicting clinical outcomes and mortality in two cohorts of compensated cirrhosis patients. The results showed that both PRO-C3 and ALBI were independently associated with liver-related clinical outcomes, suggesting that PRO-C3 may be a valuable predictor of treatment efficacy.
Article
Immunology
Qais W. Saleh, Afsaneh Mohammadnejad, Martin Tepel
Summary: This study examines the association between levels of FOXP3 gene regulator and inflammatory responses in kidney transplant recipients. The results suggest that lower levels of FOXP3 are associated with prolonged duration of inflammatory responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Zhidan Luo, Yihua Zhang, Qais Waleed Saleh, Jie Zhang, Zhiming Zhu, Martin Tepel
Summary: FOXP3 is a crucial protein for the development and function of T cells, and its splicing isoforms have different effects on T cell differentiation and suppressive function. The balance of FOXP3 isoforms is related to various diseases, and the regulation of energy metabolism and signaling pathways can affect FOXP3 transcription and splicing. Therefore, targeting FOXP3 splicing isoforms in Tregs may provide potential approaches for the treatment of certain diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Morten A. Karsdal, Kate Hallsworth, Jadine Scragg, Diana J. Leeming, Ida F. Villesen, Leah Avery, Laura Haigh, Olivier Govaere, Sarah Wichmann, Guy Taylor, Sophie Cassidy, Stuart Mcpherson, Quentin M. Anstee
Summary: The amount of fibroblast activity in patients with NAFLD can be defined by circulating biomarkers of collagen formation. The high-risk, high-fibrogenesis patient endotype with greater fibroblast activity exhibited a marked reduction in collagen fibrogenesis with a very low-calorie diet intervention, while fibrogenesis remained unchanged in the low activity group. The quantification of fibrogenesis biomarkers at baseline can predict the likelihood of treatment response.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
S. Holm Nielsen, C. Magee, S. S. Groen, D. Sinkeviciute, A. C. Bay-Jensen, M. A. Karsdal, S. R. Pennington, O. FitzGerald
Summary: This study investigated collagen biomarkers and their potential use in differentiating patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), cutaneous psoriasis (PsC), and healthy controls. The results suggest that these biomarkers are dysregulated in PsA and PsC patients compared to healthy controls, and may potentially serve as indicators of joint involvement.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY
(2023)
