Editorial Material
Biology
Arturo Barbachano-Guerrero, Daniel R. Perez, Sara L. Sawyer
Summary: The H3N2 canine influenza virus, originating from birds, is undergoing evolution to increase its transmissibility among dogs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cheng Zhang, Huan Cui, Chunmao Zhang, Kui Zhao, Yunyi Kong, Ligong Chen, Shishan Dong, Zhaoliang Chen, Jie Pu, Lei Zhang, Zhendong Guo, Juxiang Liu
Summary: Over the past decade, the global attention towards the spread of H5N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in birds and their infection in humans has increased. These viruses have the potential to become a worldwide health pandemic. This study focused on two strains of H5N6 AIVs, HB1907 and HB1905, isolated from chickens in Hebei, China in 2019. Both strains were categorized in the 2.3.4.4h clade and exhibited highly pathogenic characteristics. The HB1905 strain showed a preference for avian-like receptors, while the HB1907 strain bound to both avian-like and human-like receptors. The HB1907 strain demonstrated better replication ability and higher pathogenicity in mice compared to the HB1905 strain. Additionally, the transmission efficiency of the HB1907 strain through direct contact between guinea pigs was higher than that of the HB1905 strain. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance and research on H5N6 AIVs for public health safety and the sustainable development of the livestock industry.
Review
Virology
C. Joaquin Caceres, Daniela S. Rajao, Daniel R. Perez
Summary: Influenza A viruses, including H9 subtype, can be transmitted from avian species to mammals, posing a pandemic concern. The ability of H9N2 viruses to transmit via aerosol in mammalian species is associated with minimal amino acid changes in the HA segment and combinations of surface genes with internal genes of human influenza viruses.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yeping Sun, Kun Zhang, Heyuan Qi, He Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Yuhai Bi, Linhuan Wu, Lei Sun, Jianxun Qi, Di Liu, Juncai Ma, Po Tien, Wenjun Liu, Jing Li
Summary: Researchers have developed a computational tool based on viral genomes to evaluate the human infectivity of avian influenza H7N9 strains, allowing for prediction of the potential risk of these strains infecting humans. Experimental results showed that strains predicted to have high human infectivity by the model replicated more efficiently in mammalian cells and were more infective in mice. This novel tool can serve as a powerful predictor of human infectivity and cross-species transmission risks of H7N9 avian strains.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Ketaki Ganti, Anish Bagga, Juliana DaSilva, Samuel S. Shepard, John R. Barnes, Susan Shriner, Katia Koelle, Anice C. Lowen
Summary: Reassortment among co-infecting influenza A viruses is crucial for viral diversity and expansion into new host species. Research on avian influenza A viruses in mallards and guinea pigs revealed that mallards are more permissive hosts for reassortment compared to guinea pigs, suggesting host differences in viral genetic exchange.
Article
Microbiology
Jacob Schoen, Angele Breithaupt, Dirk Hoeper, Jacqueline King, Anne Pohlmann, Rokshana Parvin, Klaus-Peter Behr, Bernd-Andreas Schwarz, Martin Beer, Juergen Stech, Timm Harder, Christian Grund
Summary: The H3N1 low pathogenicity avian influenza virus caused repeated outbreaks in Belgium in 2019, resulting in high chicken mortality and unusual systemic replication capability. Unlike traditional LPAIVs, the H3N1 virus undergoes HA cleavage without intracellular proteases, and its replication is inhibited by a plasmin inhibitor. Plasminogen recruitment by the viral neuraminidase leads to systemic replication and high pathogenicity phenotype in natural chicken strains.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebekah Honce, Stacey Schultz-Cherry
Summary: Avian influenza viruses can infect mammals, and the mutations accumulated in viruses obtained from humans infected with emerging avian H3N8 viruses can promote respiratory droplet transmission and disease in mammals.
Article
Virology
Jianpeng Liang, Qian Li, Linlin Cai, Qingli Yuan, Libin Chen, Qiuyan Lin, Chencheng Xiao, Bin Xiang, Tao Ren
Summary: This study investigated the transmission and pathogenicity of two H3N8 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) isolated from wild birds to mammals. Both strains were able to infect chickens, mice, and guinea pigs, and adapted strains showed enhanced pathogenicity in mice. The findings provide important scientific basis for monitoring wild avian influenza viruses and understanding the mechanism of cross-species transmission.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Carsten Kirkeby, Michael P. Ward
Summary: Avian influenza is becoming a growing problem in Europe and worldwide. Simulation models are useful tools for predicting the risk of avian influenza spread and evaluating control measures. Estimates of transmission parameters vary widely based on virus type, pathogenicity, species, study type, and poultry flock unit.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xinru Lv, Jingman Tian, Xiang Li, Xiaoli Bai, Yi Li, Minghui Li, Qing An, Xingdong Song, Yu Xu, Heting Sun, Peng Peng, Siyuan Qin, Zhenliang Zhao, Rongxiu Qin, Qiuzi Xu, Fengyi Qu, Meixi Wang, Hua Luo, Zhen Zhang, Xiangwei Zeng, Yajun Wang, Zhijun Hou, Xiaoyu Zhou, Yulong Wang, Yanbing Li, Hongliang Chai
Summary: In this study, we analyzed the transmission pattern of H10 avian influenza viruses from wild birds to poultry to humans. We identified eight genotypes of H10Nx viruses and found that they replicated efficiently in the respiratory system of mice with low pathogenicity. These wild-bird-origin H10Nx viruses showed asymptomatic shedding in chickens and good adaptation in mice, increasing the risk of transmission to humans and posing a threat to public health.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Thierry Boulinier
Summary: Seabirds are facing high mortality rates due to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) at wide scales. The spatial structure of seabird populations during breeding and their extensive time spent at sea make them unique systems to study the eco-epidemiological dynamics affected by movement and inter-species interactions.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Weiyang Sun, Menglin Zhao, Zhijun Yu, Yuanguo Li, Xinghai Zhang, Na Feng, Tiecheng Wang, Hongmei Wang, Hongbin He, Yongkun Zhao, Songtao Yang, Xianzhu Xia, Yuwei Gao
Summary: Wild aquatic birds are the primary hosts of H13 avian influenza viruses, and this study analyzed the genetic characteristics of two strains isolated from wild birds in China. It was found that both strains can efficiently replicate in poultry cells and mammalian cells. In vivo experiments showed that the viruses can infect specific pathogen-free chickens and mice, with one strain demonstrating a higher replication ability in chickens. However, they do not replicate well in turkeys and quails. The study also identified a positive antibody rate against H13 AIVs in farm chickens, indicating a potential risk of transmission from wild aquatic birds to poultry or mammals in the future.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Lucas J. Kerstetter, Stephen Buckley, Carly M. Bliss, Lynda Coughlan
Summary: The ongoing threat to global health posed by infectious diseases, which have the potential for spillover from animal reservoirs, has increased in frequency due to changes in human behavior. Influenza A viruses present a pandemic threat and are a major concern for human health, with challenges in vaccine development. Non-replicating adenoviral vectors offer advantages for vaccine development against highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, with exemplary safety and immunogenicity profiles.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Swan Tan, Muhammad Farhan Sjaugi, Siew Chinn Fong, Li Chuin Chong, Hadia Syahirah Abd Raman, Nik Elena Nik Mohamed, Joseph Thomas August, Asif M. Khan
Summary: Avian influenza virus H7N9, which has been circulating in avian hosts for decades, was identified as a human pathogen in 2013. Through comparing sequences from avian and human H7N9 datasets, it was found that the virus has undergone significant amino acid substitutions possibly essential for human adaptation. The rapid evolution of the avian H7N9 virus has resulted in almost identical protein sequences in avian and human viruses, leading to increased risk of human infection and potential human-to-human transmission.
Article
Immunology
Eun-Ha Kim, Young-ll Kim, Se Mi Kim, Kwang-Min Yu, Mark Anthony B. Casel, Seung-Gyu Jang, Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Richard J. Webby, Young Ki Choi
Summary: This study highlights the ability of wild migratory birds to carry various low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses that can infect land-based poultry and mammalian hosts while causing minimal signs of clinical disease. These viruses pose a significant threat to human health, emphasizing the need for continued surveillance.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Ya Yang, Wanting Cheng, Xiang Pan, Yu Yang, Jie Jiang, Yingjian Wang, Shurong Dong, Dongjian Yang, Yue Chen, Qingwu Jiang, Yibiao Zhou
Summary: The presence or absence of O. hupensis snails in different sites affects the microbial community structure and diversity of the soil. Fungal diversity was significantly negatively correlated with moisture and total phosphorus and was positively correlated with fluoride and chloride. Contrary to traditional beliefs, the structure of soil microbial communities is more influenced by the presence of snails, rather than the physicochemical characteristics of the soil itself.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jie Zhao, Yangzong Dawa, A. Kezhong, Dejicuo, Lengbao, Zengyue Li, Wanli Chen, Jingya Wang, Yuxin Zhang, Dengbentai, Jiwei Wang, Lizheng Shi, Qingwu Jiang
Summary: The study examined the association between echinococcosis-specific health literacy and behavioural intention to prevent echinococcosis among Tibetan herdsmen, finding that health literacy is a key predictor of whether individuals take preventive actions against echinococcosis. Developing targeted health literacy promotion programs is essential in enhancing echinococcosis prevention.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Parasitology
Shengming Li, Ying Shi, Weicheng Deng, Guanghui Ren, Hongbin He, Benjiao Hu, Chunlin Li, Na Zhang, Yingyan Zheng, Yingjian Wang, Shurong Dong, Yue Chen, Qingwu Jiang, Yibiao Zhou
Summary: The study found that the spatial and temporal distributions of new Oncomelania snail habitats varied in different time periods in Hunan Province. High-risk regions were mainly concentrated in the lower reaches of the Lishui River and the Dongting Lake estuary, highlighting the need for enhanced monitoring and management.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Letter
Pediatrics
[Anonymous]
Review
Parasitology
Yibiao Zhou, Yue Chen, Qingwu Jiang
Summary: The history of schistosomiasis in China dates back to over 2000 years ago when eggs of Schistosoma japonicum were found in two Chinese corpses. The earliest documented symptoms resembling schistosomiasis in Chinese ancient books can date back to about 4700 years ago. The first nationwide survey in the mid-1950s revealed that the disease was endemic in 433 counties or cities affecting approximately 11.6 million people in China. Continuous government investment and integrated control programs since 1955 have led to a significant decrease in schistosomiasis cases, from 11.6 million in the 1950s to 38,000 in 2017.
ACTA PARASITOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liang Chen, Wei Hu, Xiaoxiao Guo, Ping Zhao, Jia Tang, Yuwei Gu, Ninghao Huang, Chao Wang, An Cui, Dian Zhang, Linjie Hu, Yi Feng, Shengshou Hu, Mingquan Chen, Firat Duru, Chenglong Xiong
Summary: The study revealed the association of cardiac injury and coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, showing that cardiac injury is a common complication of the disease and is an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality. Older age, high leukocyte count, elevated D-dimer levels, and high levels of AST and serum ferritin were significantly associated with cardiac injury. Interleukin 6 levels were comparable in patients with or without cardiac injury. The pathogenesis of cardiac injury in COVID-19 may be primarily due to coagulation dysfunction along with microvascular injury.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Xuhua Ying, Shuyue Yang, Songtao Li, Meifang Su, Na Wang, Yue Chen, Qingwu Jiang, Chaowei Fu
Summary: The study found a relatively high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in rural Chinese adults, with females more likely to be affected than males. Risk factors for MS included being elderly, having lower income, lower education level, and being unemployed, with females at higher risk. There were sex-specific associations between socioeconomic status and MS.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yun Chen, Renjie Chen, Yue Chen, Xiaolian Dong, Jianfu Zhu, Cong Liu, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall Martin, Huichu Li, Haidong Kan, Qingwu Jiang, Chaowei Fu
Summary: Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents, especially BC and NO3-, increased mortality risk. A non-linear relationship was found between PM2.5 and non-accidental mortality. The study results emphasize the importance of adopting effective targeted emission control measures to improve air quality for health protection in rural East China.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Minghui Han, Yuanping Wang, Chuanxi Tang, Hongji Fang, Dongjian Yang, Jingui Wu, Hexing Wang, Yue Chen, Qingwu Jiang
Summary: The presence of triclosan and triclocarban in urine was positively associated with childhood obesity, with triclocarban linked to both central obesity and general overweight/obesity, and triclosan associated with central obesity. These findings suggest a potential increased risk of childhood obesity related to exposure to these chemicals.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hexing Wang, Chuanxi Tang, Yuanping Wang, Minghui Han, Feng Jiang, Lufang Jiang, Jingui Wu, Chaowei Fu, Yue Chen, Qingwu Jiang
Summary: In recent years, extensive exposure to antibiotics has been demonstrated in children in China, but there has been a decreasing temporal trend from 2017 to 2020, likely due to decreased antibiotic use and/or residues in food and/or drinking water.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Correction
Cell Biology
S. Sakinah, Sivan Padma Priya, Pooi Ling Mok, Rusheni Munisvaradass, Seoh Wei Teh, Zhong Sun, Badr Alzahrani, Faizal Abu Bakar, Hui-Yee Chee, Rukman Awang Hamat, Guozhong He, Chenglong Xiong, Narcisse Joseph, Jia Bei Tong, Xiaoyun Wu, Mahendran Maniam, Antony V. Samrot, Akon Higuchi, S. Suresh Kumar
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jun He, Sai Hou, Chenglong Xiong, Linjie Hu, Lei Gong, Junling Yu, Xiaoyu Zhou, Qingqing Chen, Yuan Yuan, Lan He, Meng Zhu, Weiwei Li, Yonglin Shi, Yong Sun, Haifeng Pan, Bin Su, Yihan Lu, Jiabing Wu
Summary: This study discusses the possible impact of H7N9 influenza A viruses (IAVs) on future influenza epidemics through gene reassortment events. A total of 61 human H7N9 isolates were obtained from Anhui province in China from 2013 to 2019, and bioinformatics analyses revealed the introduction of novel avian influenza A virus (AIV) subtypes through gene reassortment. The study also showed that H7N9, H9N2, and H5N1 can serve as persistent gene pools for AIVs in specific regions of China.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yingying Wang, Xiaolian Dong, Jinxin Zang, Xinping Zhao, Feng Jiang, Lufang Jiang, Chenglong Xiong, Na Wang, Chaowei Fu
Summary: Trace levels of antibiotics were found in tap water and well water in two rural residential areas in Eastern China, primarily consisting of macrolides and sulfonamides. While the health risk of exposure to antibiotics through drinking-water was low, long-term exposure patterns to low-dose antibiotics should not be ignored.
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiuliang Liu, Jiasheng Xiong, Zhong Sun, Jingjing Hu, Karuppiah Thilakavathy, Mingquan Chen, Qi Zhao, Yi Feng, Qingwu Jiang, Chenglong Xiong
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hong Pang, Yibiao Zhou, Wensui Zhao, Qingwu Jiang
Summary: In Shanghai's Changning district, the incidence of mumps has significantly decreased from 1990 to 2017 with the high coverage of 2-dose MMR vaccination. Children in kindergartens and schools are still the most affected populations. Despite 20 years of MMR vaccination, there has been no increase in mumps incidence in adults. Long-term surveillance is needed for a full evaluation of the MMR vaccination policy impact.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
