Correction
Environmental Sciences
Masato Mori, Yu Kosaka, Masahiro Watanabe, Bunmei Taguchi, Hisashi Nakamura, Masahide Kimoto
Summary: A correction to this paper has been published.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Cheng Zheng, Yutian Wu, Mingfang Ting, James A. Screen, Pengfei Zhang
Summary: Cold winters over Eurasia often coincide with warm winters in the Arctic, which is known as the warm Arctic-cold Eurasia pattern. The Eurasian temperature response to Arctic sea ice loss is weak compared to internal variability and is not consistent across different climate models. Tropospheric and stratospheric circulation changes drive Eurasian cooling in response to sea ice loss, but this is counteracted by tropospheric thermodynamical warming.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xin Huang, Jyotirmoy Mandal, Jin Xu, Aaswath P. Raman
Summary: As water scarcity becomes more serious due to climate change, there is increasing interest in finding low-carbon ways to generate fresh water from saline sources. Conventional desalination techniques require large energy inputs, while solar desalination is limited by seasonal and geographical factors. In this study, a passive cooling method that uses outer space as the ultimate heat sink is proposed and demonstrated to freeze and desalinate salt water.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Aiguo Dai, Jiechun Deng
Summary: Despite global warming, Eurasia experienced unusual winter cooling from 1992 to 2012, the cause of which is still debated. Analysis of observations and model simulations suggests that this cooling is partly due to internally-generated multidecadal variations related to sea ice cover and surface air temperature over the Barents-Kara Seas.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Evgeniy Yakushev, Anna Gebruk, Alexander Osadchiev, Svetlana Pakhomova, Amy Lusher, Anfisa Berezina, Bert van Bavel, Elena Vorozheikina, Denis Chernykh, Glafira Kolbasova, Ilia Razgon, Igor Semiletov
Summary: Plastic pollution is recognized as a global threat to marine ecosystems, habitats, and wildlife, with remote locations such as the Arctic Ocean being impacted. This study analyzes microplastic distribution in the Eurasian Arctic through water samples, identifying two major sources of pollution: Atlantic surface water and discharge plumes of the Great Siberian Rivers.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Seon-Hwa Kim, Hyun-Joon Sung, Seong-Joong Kim, Eun-Hyuk Baek, Ja-Yeon Moon, Baek-Min Kim
Summary: This study finds that sea ice loss over the Barents-Kara Seas and Eurasian cooling are concurrent with increased occurrences of Ural and Kamchatka blockings, contributing to the amplified dipole pattern of Eurasian surface air temperature. The role of sea ice loss in reinforcing the internal variability of Eurasian surface air temperature via multiple blocking activities is emphasized. Climate simulations can reproduce the observed linkage among sea ice, blocking, and the WACE pattern.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiyue Zhang, Clara Deser, Lantao Sun
Summary: Despite global warming, the Southern Ocean SSTs have cooled in recent decades due to internal variability. The cooling has a significant impact on the tropical South Atlantic, leading to increased clouds and strengthened trade winds cooling the sea surface, partially offsetting the radiatively forced warming trend. The cooling also results in increased Antarctic sea ice, but it is not enough to offset radiatively induced ice loss, leading to a biased trend in sea ice in the Southern Ocean ensemble.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yongkun Xie, Guoxiong Wu, Yimin Liu, Jianping Huang, Hanbin Nie
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between wintertime Arctic warming and Eurasian cooling since 1979, proposing a dynamic and thermodynamic coupling view. The Arctic plays a partial driving role in Eurasian cooling, with factors such as energy budget, diabatic heating, and subsurface ocean heat being key. The mechanisms suggest a driving role of the Arctic in influencing regional climate change.
Article
Oceanography
Jinlun Zhang
Summary: Increasing model resolution from 6 to 2 km does not significantly improve model performance in capturing sea ice properties, and it may be unnecessary to constantly adjust model parameters with increasingly high resolutions. While the three model versions yield similar mean state of sea ice, they differ in representing anisotropic properties of sea ice.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kensuke K. Komatsu, Yuhei Takaya, Takahiro Toyoda, Hiroyasu Hasumi
Summary: The influence of Barents-Kara sea ice on winter conditions over Eurasia remains uncertain. While winter atmospheric circulation may drive both sea ice and Eurasian temperature, the predicted sea ice-Eurasia links are likely weaker than observed.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Taotao Zhang, Siguang Zhu, Yaoming Song, Xiaoyi Wang, Haishan Chen
Summary: This study investigates dominant modes of interannual variability of northern Eurasian winter snowfall during 1982-2020 and their influencing factors and associated physical processes. The study finds that anomalous atmospheric circulations, teleconnection patterns, and Arctic sea ice variations play a major role in snowfall variability.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Won-Il Lim, Hyo-Seok Park, Andrew L. Stewart, Kyong-Hwan Seo
Summary: The ongoing Arctic warming, combined with winter snowfall anomalies, can significantly impact sea ice thickness and extent in the following seasons, with potential reductions in both thickness and summer ice extent.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qifeng Qian, Xiaojing Jia, Renguang Wu, Min Wang
Summary: This study investigates the impact of interannual variation in autumn Arctic sea ice concentration on early winter precipitation over nonmonsoonal Eurasian regions through observations and numerical model experiments. It is found that negative autumn sea ice anomalies induce heating in the overlying atmosphere and excite a Rossby wave that propagates from the Beaufort-Chukchi-East Siberian Seas (BCES) through the Atlantic Ocean to Eurasia. The wave obtains energy from the mean flow, with baroclinic energy conversion being more important. Anomalous cyclone and anticyclone associated with the Rossby wave result in positive precipitation anomalies over southern Europe and negative anomalies over central Asia and the west Siberian plain.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jeffrey Covington, Nan Chen, Monica M. Wilhelmus
Summary: This paper presents an efficient and statistically accurate nonlinear dynamical interpolation framework for recovering missing ice floe observations. The new method successfully recovers the locations, curvatures, angular displacements, and strong non-Gaussian distributions of the missing floes, advancing our understanding of Arctic climate.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Marion Lebrun, Martin Vancoppenolle, Gurvan Madec, Marcel Babin, Guislain Becu, Antonio Lourenco, Daiki Nomura, Frederic Vivier, Bruno Delille
Summary: By analyzing observational records from the Northern Hemisphere sea ice zone over the past decade, it was found that snow depth, melt pond presence, and ice thickness can explain the observed variance in under-ice light intensity. Most parameterizations can reproduce variations in under-ice light intensity, but large errors remain for individual records.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michelle R. McCrystall, James A. Screen
Summary: The study shows that the correlation between ENSO and winter temperatures in the Barents and Kara Seas is primarily governed by chance sea ice variations in climate model experiments. Models, on average, fail to reproduce the observed correlation, but individual realizations with similar sea ice variations can show a strong relationship.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peiqiang Xu, Lin Wang, Geoffrey K. Vallis, Ruth Geen, James A. Screen, Peili Wu, Shuoyi Ding, Ping Huang, Wen Chen
Summary: The study found that extreme temperatures in northern Eurasia during summer are generally associated with amplified wave activity along the polar front jet, while months with near-average temperatures tend to have attenuated wave activity. Waveguide teleconnections are particularly amplified during extremely hot and cold summer months over eastern Europe and western Russia.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ruonan Zhang, James A. Screen
Summary: The study suggests an intermittent causal effect of Barents-Kara sea-ice on Eurasian winter temperature variability. Results show that Eurasian cooling is stronger in response to modest autumn sea-ice loss compared to large loss, indicating nonlinear wave-meanflow interactions play a role in governing the dynamical responses.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Russell Blackport, John C. Fyfe, James A. Screen
Summary: Research indicates that a human fingerprint has emerged in subseasonal temperature variability in the northern extratropics, primarily attributed to increased anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations, with anthropogenic aerosols playing a secondary role. The appearance of this pattern motivates further research into the impacts of reduced temperature volatility on societal and ecological systems.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
James A. A. Screen, Rosemary Eade, Doug M. M. Smith, Stephen Thomson, Hao Yu
Summary: According to the experiments, Antarctic and Arctic sea-ice loss cause a shift of the winter jet stream towards the equator in both the southern and northern hemisphere. However, the models underestimate the jet stream response to sea-ice loss, particularly in the northern hemisphere.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. Walsh, J. A. Screen, A. A. Scaife, D. M. Smith
Summary: This research demonstrates the non-linearity in the response of the stratospheric polar vortex to the combined effects of El Nino and Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO). The study shows that the influence of El Nino and QBO easterly phase on the polar vortex is greater than expected based on their individual effects. The non-linearity is attributed to the increase in wave driving from El Nino and the poleward propagation of wave activity during QBO-E.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Y. T. Eunice Lo, Dann M. Mitchell, Peter A. G. Watson, James A. Screen
Summary: Observed rapid Arctic warming and sea-ice loss are projected to continue unless greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to net-zero. This study examines the potential impacts of future sea-ice loss on winter temperature extremes across the Northern Hemisphere. The results suggest that cold extremes could become less severe at high and mid-latitudes in response to Arctic sea-ice loss, while warm extremes could become warmer at northern high latitudes but to a lesser extent than cold extremes. Additionally, the study compares the impacts of sea-ice loss to those of global sea surface temperature change and finds that the latter has a larger effect on temperature extremes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Russell Blackport, John C. Fyfe
Summary: The study finds that current climate models fail to accurately predict the wintertime atmospheric circulation and precipitation over Europe, as they do not capture the long-term observed trends and underestimate internal variability.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kunhui Ye, Tim Woollings, James A. Screen
Summary: Previous studies have shown inconsistent responses of the North Atlantic jet to Arctic sea-ice loss. This study analyzes the response of wintertime atmospheric circulation and surface climate over the North Atlantic-European region to future Arctic sea-ice loss under 2 degrees C global warming, using model output from the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project. The models agree that the North Atlantic jet slightly shifts southward in response to sea-ice loss, but disagree on the jet speed response.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
James L. Warner, James A. Screen, Adam A. Scaife, Anna Maidens, Jeff Knight
Summary: By manipulating the tropical climate system, this study reveals the link between tropical rainfall and Autumn Barents-Kara sea ice as well as the winter North Atlantic Oscillation. However, clear evidence of tropical influences at high latitudes is only found during the strong 1997 El Nino event.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
N. C. Williams, A. A. Scaife, J. A. Screen
Summary: The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a significant impact on global climate variability. However, current models underestimate the teleconnection strength between ENSO and the North Atlantic region, with simulated amplitudes being only half of the observed values.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mian Xu, Wenshou Tian, Jiankai Zhang, James A. Screen, Chongyang Zhang, Zhe Wang
Summary: Recent studies have found that deep Arctic warming, extending from the surface to the upper troposphere, can lead to changes in mid-latitude atmospheric circulation, while shallow Arctic warming confined in the lowermost troposphere has weaker remote effects. However, the causes of Arctic mid-to-upper tropospheric warming are still not well understood. In this study, using reanalysis and model simulations, a new dynamical mechanism is demonstrated to explain the polar mid-to-upper tropospheric warming associated with Arctic sea-ice loss. It is shown that the loss of sea ice in the Barents-Kara region enhances upward propagating waves, resulting in wave convergence anomalies and subsequent adiabatic warming in the Arctic mid-to-upper troposphere.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Stephanie Hay, Matthew D. K. Priestley, Hao Yu, Jennifer L. Catto, James A. Screen
Summary: Using simulations from the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project and a Lagrangian objective feature tracking algorithm, researchers found that extratropical cyclones shift equatorward and eastward, become weaker and slower, and there are fewer of them in the winter due to sea-ice loss. These changes are greatest in the Arctic but still significant in midlatitudes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ruth Geen, Stephen I. Thomson, James A. Screen, Russell Blackport, Neil T. Lewis, Regan Mudhar, William J. M. Seviour, Geoffrey K. Vallis
Summary: This study evaluates different metrics for quantifying jet waviness through simulation experiments and finds conflicting changes in jet waviness depending on the metric used and temperature range examined.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Joanne M. Morten, Pearse J. Buchanan, C. Egevang, Isolde A. Glissenaar, Sara M. Maxwell, Nicole Parr, James A. Screen, Freydis Vigfusdottir, Noam S. Vogt-Vincent, Daniel A. Williams, Ned C. Williams, Matthew J. Witt, Lucy A. Hawkes, William Thurston
Summary: Climate change poses a significant threat to polar seabirds, particularly the Arctic terns that migrate between both polar regions. The study tracks their migration routes and identifies the impact of environmental changes on their foraging and rest patterns. The study projects the decline of North Atlantic primary production and minimal changes in other regions visited by Arctic terns. Wind patterns may also shift, requiring the birds to adapt their flight strategies. Overall, addressing carbon emissions is essential to mitigate the effects of climate change and reduce extinction risks for polar species.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
