Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marilia Silva Paulo, Noor Motea Abdo, Rita Bettencourt-Silva, Rami H. Al-Rifai
Summary: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) prevalence in Europe is around 11%, with the highest prevalence in pregnant women in Eastern European countries reaching 31.5%. Findings highlight the need for vigilant public health awareness campaigns about the risk factors associated with developing GDM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vincenzo Zanardo, Domenico Tortora, Andrea Sandri, Lorenzo Severino, Paolo Mesirca, Gianluca Straface
Summary: The study found a significant increase in GDM prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to 2019, especially in 5/6 months of the final semester in 2020. Logistic regression analysis also indicated a temporal relationship between experiencing lockdown in the first trimester of pregnancy and later GDM incidence.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hongying Liu, Aizhong Liu, Atipatsa C. Kaminga, Judy McDonald, Shi Wu Wen, Xiongfeng Pan
Summary: This meta-analysis indicates the presence of abnormal concentrations of various chemokines in patients with GDM, which are closely associated with the development of GDM. Additionally, the subgroup analysis highlights the importance of investigating the potential mechanisms underlying this association to develop individualized clinical and therapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Matladi Masete, Stephanie Dias, Nompumelelo Malaza, Sumaiya Adam, Carmen Pheiffer
Summary: Maternal diabetes, especially pregestational type 1 and type 2 diabetes, is associated with more frequent and severe pregnancy complications compared to gestational diabetes. Recent studies have shown the potential role of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of pregnancy-related disorders, including diabetes. However, there is a lack of miRNA profiling studies in pregnancies complicated by pregestational diabetes, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Waleed M. Aldahmash, Saleh H. Alwasel, Khaldoon Aljerian
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus poses significant risks to both the developing fetus and the mother, increasing the risk of maternal complications during pregnancy and later development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The study found that placental vasculopathies on both the maternal and fetal sides were significantly increased in the GDM group, indicating histopathological changes induced by GDM in the full-term placenta.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olimpia Mora-Janiszewska, Anna Faryniak-Zuzak, Dorota Darmochwal-Kolarz
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant global problem that induces diabetogenic and obesogenic changes in an offspring's DNA through epigenetic mechanisms. Alterations in microbiota play a crucial role in this process. Identification of specific epigenetic marks may provide key solutions for personalized medicine. This manuscript summarizes available data on epigenetic changes among women with GDM and their offspring, in relation to microbiome alterations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meng Wang, Ru-Ying Hu, Wei-Wei Gong, Jin Pan, Fang-Rong Fei, Hao Wang, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Jie-Ming Zhong, Min Yu
Summary: This study revealed a significant increase in the prevalence of GDM among Chinese female population in Zhejiang province during 2016-2018, especially in women characterized by advanced age and rural areas.
NUTRITION & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Himanshu Nayak, Rajendra Gadhavi, Bhavin Solanki, Bhagyalaxmi Aroor, Hemant Gameti, Kalpita S. Shringarpure, Jayun Joshi, Zuveriya Kazi
Summary: This study aimed to implement a community-based screening and awareness-raising project for gestational diabetes in Ahmedabad, India. By training medical personnel to screen pregnant women, a high prevalence of gestational diabetes was found, indicating the need for implementing this project on a larger scale.
BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Huifeng Shi, Xiaoli Gong, Qing Sheng, Xiang Li, Ying Wang, Tianchen Wu, Yangyu Zhao, Yuan Wei
Summary: This study found an association between vitamin E (VE) levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women. Low first-trimester VE levels and subsequent decrease in VE during pregnancy were related to increased risk of GDM. These findings suggest the importance of consuming VE-rich foods and appropriate VE supplementation to prevent GDM in pregnant women with low baseline VE levels.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Robert Modzelewski, Magdalena Maria Stefanowicz-Rutkowska, Wojciech Matuszewski, Elzbieta Maria Bandurska-Stankiewicz
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common medical complication in pregnancy, affecting approximately 15% of pregnancies worldwide. It increases the risk of complications and may lead to the development of type 2 diabetes in both the mother and infant. The increasing incidence of GDM also poses a significant economic burden.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Jiewen Xie, Ling LI, Haoyue Xing
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy that is first detected and diagnosed during pregnancy. Its incidence is increasing annually and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Studies have shown a correlation between the levels of certain metabolites during early pregnancy and the occurrence of GDM. High-throughput technologies in metabolomics can detect changes in small molecule metabolites levels, providing insight into the physiological and pathological status of the body and exploring the underlying mechanisms of GDM development. This review summarizes current research in this field and provides data for the development of strategies to manage GDM.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shih-Chun Pan, Ching-Chun Huang, Bing-Yu Chen, Wei-Shan Chin, Yue Leon Guo
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether air pollutants modify the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM). The results showed that exposure to high levels of PM2.5 and O-3 increases the risk of DM, and GDM acts synergistically with PM2.5 exposure in DM development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Li-Mei Li, Bei-Ge Jiang, Liang-Liang Sun
Summary: Diabetes is a highly heterogeneous metabolic disease with different types and clinical manifestations. Distinguishing between types and defining subtypes is a major challenge in precise treatment. T2D is the main type of diabetes, and certain gene variants have been shown to increase the risk of T2D. HNF1 alpha gene mutations can cause different types of diabetes and exhibit high polymorphism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fidelma Dunne, Christine Newman, Alberto Alvarez-Iglesias, John Ferguson, Andrew Smyth, Marie Browne, Paula O'Shea, Declan Devane, Paddy Gillespie, Delia Bogdanet, Oratile Kgosidialwa, Aoife Egan, Yvonne Finn, Geraldine Gaffney, Aftab Khattak, Derek O'Keeffe, Aaron Liew, Martin O'Donnell
Summary: Early initiation of metformin is not superior to placebo for the primary outcome of gestational diabetes. Further investigation of metformin in larger clinical trials is supported by the prespecified secondary outcome data.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominik Franciszek Dluski, Ewa Wolinska, Maciej Skrzypczak
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance that appears or is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. Studies have shown that GDM can impact both pregnancy and offspring development, leading to long-term adverse health outcomes. Epigenetic changes such as histone modification, DNA methylation, and altered ncRNA function, including miRNAs, play a role in this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Barbara E. Cormack, Yannan Jiang, Jane E. Harding, Caroline A. Crowther, Frank H. Bloomfield
Summary: This study found that neonatal refeeding syndrome (RS) is common in extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) babies and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Small-for-gestational-age babies were more likely to develop RS, while the intake of IV protein and phosphate affected the incidence of RS.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Letter
Pediatrics
Nicholas Embleton, Janet Berrington, Frank Bloomfield, Camilia Martin
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mark H. Oliver, Frank H. Bloomfield, Amita Bansal, Hui Hui Phua, Eric B. Thorstensen, Jane E. Harding, Anne L. Jaquiery
Summary: Maternal periconceptional undernutrition affects fetal pancreatic maturation and glucose tolerance in offspring, with reduced insulin secretion and increased glucose area under the curve in adult sheep. These lasting effects indicate a significant impact of maternal periconceptional nutrition on offspring metabolic homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mariana Muelbert, Tanith Alexander, Chris Pook, Yannan Jiang, Jane Elizabeth Harding, Frank Harry Bloomfield
Summary: In this study, the researchers used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to observe the responses of preterm babies to smell and taste before receiving gastric tube feeds. The results showed that tube feeds activated the orbitofrontal cortex, but sensory stimulation alone did not activate it. Boys showed more response to the smell of milk. Further research is needed to determine the impact of sensory stimulation on nutrition and the influence of environmental inputs on cortical activation in preterm babies.
Article
Pediatrics
Katinka P. Bach, Carl A. Kuschel, Nicola Patterson, Hana Skwish, Sabine Huth, Hui Hui Phua, Frank H. Bloomfield
Summary: This study found that lower bias gas flow in ventilated extremely preterm infants did not alter tracheal aspirate cytokine concentrations, but the lower incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and mortality warrants further investigation.
Article
Pediatrics
Mariana Muelbert, Laura Galante, Tanith Alexander, Jane E. Harding, Chris Pook, Frank H. Bloomfield
Summary: This study found that sensory-active volatile fatty acids are major contributors to the smell of preterm breastmilk and are influenced by the lactation stage and maternal characteristics. The concentration of medium-chain fatty acids was higher in colostrum compared to transitional breastmilk, and this concentration was associated with socioeconomic status, gestational diabetes, and ethnicity. Longitudinal analysis showed that fatty acids increased with advancing lactation.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luling Lin, Greg D. Gamble, Caroline A. Crowther, Frank H. Bloomfield, Massimo Agosti, Stephanie A. Atkinson, Augusto Biasini, Nicholas D. Embleton, Fernando Lamy Filho, Christoph Fusch, Maria L. Gianni, Hayriye Goezde Kanmaz Kutman, Winston Koo, Ita Litmanovitz, Colin Morgan, Kanya Mukhopadhyay, Erica Neri, Jean-Charles Picaud, Niels Rochow, Paola Roggero, Kenneth Stroemmen, Maw J. Tan, Francesco M. Tandoi, Claire L. Wood, Gitte Zachariassen, Jane E. Harding
Summary: Neonatal nutritional supplements may improve early growth for infants born small, but the effects on long-term growth are uncertain and may vary by sex. These supplements can increase length and bone mineral content in infancy, but do not affect BMI in childhood. Supplementation can enhance height z-score in male toddlers, but not in females.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luling Lin, Greg D. Gamble, Caroline A. Crowther, Frank H. Bloomfield, Massimo Agosti, Stephanie A. Atkinson, Augusto Biasini, Nicholas D. Embleton, Mary S. Fewtrell, Fernando Lamy-Filho, Christoph Fusch, Maria L. Gianni, H. Gozde Kanmaz Kutman, Winston Koo, Ita Litmanovitz, Colin Morgan, Kanya Mukhopadhyay, Erica Neri, Jean-Charles Picaud, Niels Rochow, Paola Roggero, Atul Singhal, Kenneth Stroemmen, Maw J. Tan, Francesco M. Tandoi, Claire L. Wood, Gitte Zachariassen, Jane E. Harding
Summary: Supplementation with neonatal nutritional supplements may not alter cognitive function or metabolic risk in later life, but it may improve early motor development, especially in girls.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Robyn L. Lawrence, Clare R. Wall, Frank H. Bloomfield
Summary: The study found that adherence to dietary recommendations is poor among pregnant women, both with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and there is no association between adherence to food group recommendations and the development of GDM.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Esther Calje, Joy Marriott, Charlotte Oyston, Lesley Dixon, Frank Bloomfield, Katie Groom
Summary: This study reports the incidence of postpartum anaemia in three district health board regions in New Zealand and describes the current management of moderate to severe postpartum anaemia, including differences among different ethnicities.
AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Frank H. Bloomfield, Yannan Jiang, Jane E. Harding, Caroline A. Crowther, Barbara E. Cormack
Summary: This study found that giving extra parenteral amino acids at a dose of 1 g per day for 5 days after birth did not increase the number of infants with extremely low birth weight who survived without neurodisability at 2 years.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Robyn W. May, Gonzalo Maso D. Talou, Alys R. Clark, Jonathan P. Mynard, Joseph J. Smolich, Pablo J. Blanco, Lucas O. Mueller, Thomas L. Gentles, Frank H. Bloomfield, Soroush Safaei
Summary: Computational modeling is widely used in the study of cardiovascular hemodynamics for medical research and improving the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Most existing cardiovascular models focus on the adult circulatory system, but the perinatal period is unique as cardiovascular physiology undergoes significant changes. This review discusses computational models of the cardiovascular system in early life, their applications, and proposes a roadmap for developing an open-source model spanning fetal, perinatal, and postnatal periods.
WIRES MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meiliana Meiliana, Tanith Alexander, Frank H. Bloomfield, Barbara E. Cormack, Jane E. Harding, Orla Walsh, Luling Lin
Summary: There is currently a lack of high-quality and consistent nutrition guidelines for preterm infants, which leads to substantial variation in practice.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Fiona Quirke, Shabina Ariff, Malcolm Battin, Caitlin Bernard, Frank H. Bloomfield, Mandy Daly, Declan Devane, David M. Haas, Patricia Healy, Tim Hurley, Vincent Kibet, Jamie J. Kirkham, Sarah Koskei, Shireen Meher, Eleanor Molloy, Maira Niaz, Elaine Ni Bhraonain, Christabell Omukagah Okaronon, Farhana Tabassum, Karen Walker, Linda Biesty
Summary: This study identified important outcomes for parents or caregivers of infants diagnosed with neonatal encephalopathy, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy or birth asphyxia. The findings provide insights into the development of a core outcome set for the treatment of neonatal encephalopathy and highlight the inclusion of participants from both high-income and low- to middle-income countries.
BMJ PAEDIATRICS OPEN
(2022)
