Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11556-4
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Funding
- American National Institutes of Health [R21AI118411]
- Spanish Secretariat of Science and Innovation [SAF2015-67334-R]
- FEDER funds [SAF2015-67334-R]
- Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [PI17/01470]
- GeSIDA
- Spanish AIDS network Red Tematica Cooperativa de Investigacion en SIDA [RD16/0025/0007]
- Miguel Servet program - Spanish Health Institute Carlos III [CP17/00179]
- Pla estrategic de recerca i innovacio en salut (PERIS), from the Catalan Government
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The identification of exclusive markers to target HIV-reservoir cells will represent a significant advance in the search for therapies to cure HIV. Here, we identify the B lymphocyte antigen CD20 as a marker for HIV-infected cells in vitro and in vivo. The CD20 molecule is dimly expressed in a subpopulation of CD4-positive (CD4(+)) T lymphocytes from blood, with high levels of cell activation and heterogeneous memory phenotypes. In lymph node samples from infected patients, CD20 is present in productively HIV-infected cells, and ex vivo viral infection selectively upregulates the expression of CD20 during early infection. In samples from patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) this subpopulation is significantly enriched in HIV transcripts, and the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Rituximab induces cell killing, which reduces the pool of HIV-expressing cells when combined with latency reversal agents. We provide a tool for targeting this active HIV-reservoir after viral reactivation in patients while on ART.
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