Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hanako Nakajima, Hiroshi Okada, Yuta Yoshimura, Toru Tanaka, Goji Hasegawa, Kazuteru Mitsuhashi, Noriyuki Kitagawa, Takuro Okamura, Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Takafumi Senmaru, Emi Ushigome, Naoko Nakanishi, Masahiro Yamazaki, Masahide Hamaguchi, Michiaki Fukui
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of ketosis in individuals with type 1 diabetes taking SGLT2 inhibitors, and to investigate the relationship between nutritional assessment, glycemic status, CPR index, and body composition. The results showed that younger age and a low ratio of basal to bolus insulin were associated with an increased risk of ketosis after taking SGLT2 inhibitors.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Huanan Shi, Bojun Zhang, Taylor Abo-Hamzy, James W. Nelson, Chandra Shekar R. Ambati, Joseph F. Petrosino, Robert M. Jr Jr Bryan, David J. Durgan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that intermittent fasting can alter the gut microbiota and reduce blood pressure, while identifying microbial influenced metabolites as potential mediators in the regulation of host blood pressure.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jonas Martensson, Lena Bjorkman, Simon Lind, Moa Bjerhem Viklund, Linjie Zhang, Saray Gutierrez, Claes Dahlgren, Martina Sundqvist, Xin Xie, Huamei Forsman
Summary: This study demonstrates that human neutrophils can recognize the ketone body acetoacetate through FFAR2 activation, leading to a decrease in cAMP and translocation of beta-arrestin, as well as enhancement of intracellular calcium concentration, reactive oxygen species production, and cell migration. These findings further highlight the key role of FFAR2 in inflammation and metabolism.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ming Yang, Wei Chen, Liyu He, Di Liu, Li Zhao, Xi Wang
Summary: Intermittent fasting (IF) has shown promising potential in preventing and delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) by improving renal injury through potential mechanisms.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mingke Guo, Xuan Wang, Yujuan Li, Ailin Luo, Yilin Zhao, Xiaoxiao Luo, Shiyong Li
Summary: As the global population ages, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing. Diet plays a crucial role in the development and progression of these diseases. Intermittent fasting (IF) has shown potential in improving neurological functions and reducing pathological injuries, with the gut microbiota and their metabolites believed to be central in mediating these effects.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariangela Rondanelli, Clara Gasparri, Gabriella Peroni, Milena Anna Faliva, Maurizio Naso, Simone Perna, Philip Bazire, Ignacio Sajuox, Roberto Maugeri, Chiara Rigon
Summary: Studies have shown that very low calorie diets and very low carbohydrate diets can affect the gut microbiota composition of obese patients, while very low calorie ketogenic diets alter the composition of fecal microbial populations and impact the plasma metabolome and fecal bile acid composition.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Issei Tomita, Hiroaki Tsuruta, Mako Yasuda-Yamahara, Kosuke Yamahara, Shogo Kuwagata, Yuki Tanaka-Sasaki, Masami Chin-Kanasaki, Yukihiro Fujita, Eiichiro Nishi, Hideki Katagiri, Hiroshi Maegawa, Shinji Kume
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that ketone bodies have health benefits, especially for longevity. However, the role of endogenous ketogenesis in mammalian life span and the safety and efficacy of long-term exogenous ketone body supplementation remain unclear. This study shows that a deficiency in endogenous ketogenesis shortens life span in mice, and this can be prevented by daily ketone body supplementation. It is also found that the timing of ketone body supplementation has different effects on mortality rates in normal and aged mice. In conclusion, endogenous ketogenesis affects mammalian survival, and the administration method and health status are important factors in the effects of ketone body supplementation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Junhong Su, Yueying Wang, Xiaofang Zhang, Mingfu Ma, Zhenrong Xie, Qiuwei Pan, Zhongren Ma, Maikel P. Peppelenbosch
Summary: Intermittent fasting, particularly observed during Ramadan, was found to increase gut microbiome diversity and upregulate specific bacterial families such as Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. These changes in microbiome composition returned to baseline after cessation of intermittent feeding, and alterations in Lachnospiraceae concentrations were correlated with changes in physiological parameters provoked by intermittent fasting. The study suggests that the upregulation of butyric acid-producing Lachnospiraceae may play a role in the health benefits associated with intermittent fasting.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Duygu Saglam, Gozde Aritici Colak, Eray Sahin, Berkay Yekta Ekren, Ugur Sezerman, Murat Bas
Summary: This study investigated the effect of intermittent fasting during Ramadan on the gut microbiota. The results showed that fasting led to significant changes in abundance of certain bacterial genera, with some increasing and others decreasing in abundance. Dietary intake was found to have a negative correlation with the relative abundance of certain bacterial genera.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Bohan Rong, Qiong Wu, Muhammad Saeed, Chao Sun
Summary: This paper focuses on the interaction between intermittent fasting and gut microbiota, highlighting the potential positive effects on host energy metabolism. It also discusses a potential recommended strain (Akkermansia muciniphila) and a regulatory pathway (circadian rhythm) for gut microbiota in improving host energy metabolism in IF.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xincheng Sun, Chengxin Zhao, Xuyang Hu, Jingnan Zhang, Suyue Xu, XiaYing Li, Yanhong Bai, Xiaogen Zhang, Jinqiang Hu, Qi Sun, Zichao Wang
Summary: The research found that low molecular weight xanthan gum has a positive effect on weight gain in mice, increasing the content of short-chain fatty acids and enhancing the diversity of gut microbiota.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hung-Chih Chen, Yen-Wen Liu, Kuan-Cheng Chang, Yen-Wen Wu, Yi-Ming Chen, Yu-Kai Chao, Min-Yi You, David J. Lundy, Chen-Ju Lin, Marvin L. Hsieh, Yu-Che Cheng, Ray P. Prajnamitra, Po-Ju Lin, Shu-Chian Ruan, David Hsin-Kuang Chen, Edward S. C. Shih, Ke-Wei Chen, Shih-Sheng Chang, Cindy M. C. Chang, Riley Puntney, Amy Wu Moy, Yuan-Yuan Cheng, Hsin-Yuan Chien, Jia-Jung Lee, Deng-Chyang Wu, Ming-Jing Hwang, Jennifer Coonen, Timothy A. Hacker, C-L. Eric Yen, Federico E. Rey, Timothy J. Kamp, Patrick C. H. Hsieh
Summary: The study reveals the role of butyrate-producing bacteria in the post-response to myocardial infarction (MI). Through analysis using animal models and machine learning, the researchers found that these bacteria can produce beta-hydroxybutyrate, which improves cardiac function. Further experiments confirmed this finding and highlighted the significance of butyrate-producing bacteria and beta-hydroxybutyrate in improving post-MI outcomes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yui Mineshita, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Hyeon-Ki Kim, Shigenobu Shibata
Summary: Postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiota has been found to be correlated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the relationship between fasting and postprandial glucose levels and microbiota in older adults. The findings suggest that the individual pattern of microbiota may serve as a predictor for post-dinner hyperglycemia and abnormal glucose metabolism risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed G. Abdelhamid, Noha K. El-Dougdoug
Summary: Bifidobacterium bifidum is genetically similar and functionally versatile in utilizing carbohydrates present in the host's system, as evidenced by the presence of diverse Carbohydrate-Active Enzyme (CAZY) systems across strains from different body niches. Comparative genomics highlighted the shared orthologous gene families among B. bifidum strains, reinforcing their genetic similarity and potential functional consistency in carbohydrate utilization.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Naoki Ota, Hiroto Ito, Kazushige Goto
Summary: Assessment of breath acetone level may be an alternative method to evaluate changes in fat metabolism. This study found that insufficient carbohydrate intake after exercise can increase breath acetone level, but there was no significant difference in breath acetone level the following morning.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ayumi Matsui, Ayumi Yoshifuji, Junichiro Irie, Takaya Tajima, Kiyotaka Uchiyama, Tomoaki Itoh, Shu Wakino, Hiroshi Itoh
Summary: This study found that canagliflozin can increase colonic glucose concentration and the number of Lactobacillus bacteria, restore the expression of tight junction proteins in the colon, decrease serum uremic toxin concentrations, and ameliorate cardiac interstitial fibrosis in nephrectomized rats. These effects may be attributed to the inhibition of SGLT1 by canagliflozin, as similar effects were not observed in tofogliflozin-treated rats.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miki Igarashi, Kensuke Iwasa, Tetsuhiko Hayakawa, Tsuyoshi Tsuduki, Ikuo Kimura, Kei Maruyama, Keisuke Yoshikawa
Summary: In this study, it was found that dietary oleic acid (OA) is an important molecule in inducing satiety by reducing food intake. This effect is mediated through the signaling of oleoylethanolamide (OEA).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Junki Miyamoto, Hidenori Shimizu, Keiko Hisa, Chiaki Matsuzaki, Shinsuke Inuki, Yuna Ando, Akari Nishida, Ayano Izumi, Mayu Yamano, Chihiro Ushiroda, Junichiro Irie, Takane Katayama, Hiroaki Ohno, Hiroshi Itoh, Kenji Yamamoto, Ikuo Kimura
Summary: Fermented foods have health benefits due to probiotic bacteria or microproducts produced by bacterial fermentation. Prebiotics associated with L. mesenteroides-produced exopolysaccharides (EPS) show significant metabolic benefits. EPS-derived gut microbial short-chain fatty acids improve glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis, and alter gut microbial composition.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ryuji Ohue-Kitano, Hazuki Nonaka, Akari Nishida, Yuki Masujima, Daisuke Takahashi, Takako Ikeda, Akiharu Uwamizu, Miyako Tanaka, Motoyuki Kohjima, Miki Igarashi, Hironori Katoh, Tomohiro Tanaka, Asuka Inoue, Takayoshi Suganami, Koji Hase, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Junken Aoki, Ikuo Kimura
Summary: Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) are unique forms of dietary fat that have various health benefits. A receptor called G protein-coupled 84 (GPR84) acts as a receptor for medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), but its role in nutritional signaling is still unclear. This study found that GPR84 plays a protective role in hepatic functions by sensing increases in MCFAs and suppressing lipotoxicity-induced macrophage overactivation. Additionally, stimulating GPR84 or administering MCTs or MCFAs improved nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in mouse models, suggesting a potential strategy for treating NASH.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kazuhiro Kashiwagi, Jun Inaishi, Shotaro Kinoshita, Yasuyo Wada, Sayaka Hanashiro, Kiko Shiga, Momoko Kitazawa, Shiori Tsutsumi, Hiroyuki Yamakawa, Junichiro Irie, Taishiro Kishimoto
Summary: This study found a correlation between body mass index (BMI), glycemic variability (GV), and life-related factors in healthy nondiabetic adults. Prediabetes and underweight individuals had higher GV, possibly due to irregular eating habits and low activity levels. On the other hand, overweight individuals had longer periods of elevated blood sugar, potentially due to dietary habits and lack of exercise.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miki Igarashi, Tetsuhiko Hayakawa, Haruka Tanabe, Keita Watanabe, Akari Nishida, Ikuo Kimura
Summary: In this study, Gpr119 knockout mice were generated using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology. The results showed that Gpr119-deficient mice exhibited lower blood glucose levels and greater weight loss under food deprivation conditions. Further experiments revealed that elevated levels of OEA in the cecum were associated with satiety control and energy metabolism.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Shunta Takebayashi, Junichiro Irie, Isao Kurihara, Sakiko Kobayashi, Kazutoshi Miyashita, Kenichiro Kinouchi, Toshifumi Nakamura, Hiroshi Itoh
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Shintaro Yamaguchi, Taichi Nagahisa, Shotaro Kosugi, Ken Nishioka, Yasuhiro Watanabe, Koichiro Homma, Kazutoshi Miyashita, Junichiro Irie, Jun Yoshino, Hiroshi Itoh
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nobuko Goto, Motoko Kita, Junichiro Irie, Hiroshi Itoh
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Arata Itoh, Kazunari Yuki, Junichiro Irie, Hiroshi Itoh
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Akihide Iwahara, Kazutoshi Sugiyama, Tami Tsuchiya, Arata Itoh, Yuya Nakajima, Yoshifumi Saisho, Kenichiro Kinouchi, Sakiko Kobayashi, Kazutoshi Miyashita, Junichiro Irie, Shu Meguro, Satoru Ikenoue, Mamoru Tanaka, Hiroshi Itoh
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Shotaro Kosugi, Shintaro Yamaguchi, Koichiro Homma, Taichi Nagahisa, Ken Nishioka, Yasuhiro Watanabe, Kenichiro Kinouchi, Kaori Hayashi, Kazutoshi Miyasita, Takeshi Kanda, Junichiro Irie, Jun Yoshino, Hiroshi Ito
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yuya Nakajima, Junichiro Irie, Toshifumi Nakamura, Yoshinaga Kawano, Arata Ito, Kenichiro Kinouchi, Sakiko Kobayashi, Shu Meguro, Hiroshi Itoh
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yusuke Otomo, Junichiro Irie, Kazutoshi Miyashita, Sakiko Kobayashi, Kenichiro Kinouchi, Toshifumi Nakamura, Yusuke Kubota, Takeshi Nishimura, Hiroshi Itoh
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
