Letter
Immunology
Linn M. Eggesbo, Louise F. Risnes, Ralf S. Neumann, Knut E. A. Lundin, Asbjorn Christophersen, Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: The T-cell receptor repertoires of untreated celiac disease patients were shown to be more polyclonal and diverse compared to those of treated patients and healthy subjects.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Robert Dixon, Stephen G. Preston, Stefan Dascalu, Patrik G. Flammer, Steven R. Fiddaman, Kirstie McLoughlin, Amy Boyd, Jiri Volf, Ivan Rychlik, Michael B. Bonsall, Bernd Kaspers, Adrian L. Smith
Summary: This study reveals that chicken TCR gamma locus has undergone tandem duplication events that have shaped its evolution. Repertoire sequencing shows large differences in the usage of individual TRGV genes across various tissues, with TRGV3.3 dominating every tissue. The application of repertoire analysis in chickens with a high circulating gamma delta phenotype is important for understanding the functional diversity of these cells and their potential in improving health.
Article
Immunology
Ying Yao, Asima Zia, Ralf Stefan Neumann, Milena Pavlovic, Gabriel Balaban, Knut E. A. Lundin, Geir Kjetil Sandve, Shuo-Wang Qiao
Summary: An individual's T cell repertoire is influenced by past antigen exposure and clonal expansion, making it challenging to identify disease-associated T cell receptor signatures due to the complexity of antigens and polymorphic HLA allotypes. However, in celiac disease, the specific HLA-DQ2-restricted T-cell repertoire has been well studied, providing a potential approach to infer disease state based on known disease-associated T cell receptor sequences.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mei Xia, Azra Blazevic, Andrew Fiore-Gartland, Daniel F. Hoft
Summary: In this study, the effects of BCG vaccination on γδ T cell responses were investigated. TCR repertoire sequencing revealed minimal changes in the diversity and distribution of TCR clones after vaccination, but identified specific clonotypes that significantly expanded or contracted. These findings provide new insights into the role of γδ T cells in Mycobacterium tuberculosis immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Hu-Qin Yang, Yi-Shan Wang, Kan Zhai, Zhao-Hui Tong
Summary: This study found that mice infected with Pneumocystis demonstrated reduced TCR diversity in CD4(+) T cells and increased diversity in CD8(+) T cells. Th17 cells were mainly composed of CD4(+) T cells and exhibited the phenotype of tissue-resident memory-like Th17 cells. Additionally, Pneumocystis-infected mice showed biased usage of TCR beta VDJ genes.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Yiran Shen, Alexandria Voigt, Xuebing Leng, Amy A. Rodriguez, Cuong Q. Nguyen
Summary: T cell receptors (TCR) play a vital role in immune response to foreign antigens, and understanding specific TCR involvement in autoimmunity can provide insights into autoimmune diseases. RNA-seq is a valuable tool for studying TCR repertoires and can provide information on antigen prediction. This review discusses the application and development of bulk RNA-seq and single-cell (SC) RNA-seq in examining TCR repertoires, as well as bioinformatic tools for studying peptide/TCR/MHC structure and predicting antigenic epitopes using artificial intelligence.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mikiya Tsunoda, Hiroyasu Aoki, Haruka Shimizu, Shigeyuki Shichino, Kouji Matsushima, Satoshi Ueha
Summary: Temporal analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is important for monitoring changes in antigen-specific T cells in cancer patients. However, lack of experimental models for temporal analysis within a homogeneous population limits understanding of the relationship between TCR repertoire changes and antitumor responses. Bilateral tumor model showed highly similar T-cell clones in bilateral tumors and different patterns in draining lymph nodes, suggesting independent induction of tumor-reactive T cell clones in each lymph node.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kyle G. Williams, Ramya Kongala, Donna M. Shows, Andrew J. Konecny, Duncan C. Hindmarch, Astrid S. Clarke, James D. Lord
Summary: CD8 T-cell clones are found homogeneously throughout the length of the colon in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), regardless of inflammation. There is a high degree of repertoire overlap for T-cell receptor (TCR) between the colon and peripheral blood, suggesting T-cell trafficking plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of IBD, particularly in relation to the alpha 4 beta 7+ T-cell subpopulation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Microbiology
Ming-Ming Shao, Feng-Shuang Yi, Zhong-Yin Huang, Peng Peng, Feng-Yao Wu, Huan-Zhong Shi, Kan Zhai
Summary: Characterization of T cell receptor repertoires in tuberculous patients revealed differences in TCR sequences, hydrophobicity, and usage patterns between CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. A new subset of polyfunctional CD4(+) T cells with protective immunity against Mtb was identified.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Kerui Peng, Theodore S. Nowicki, Katie Campbell, Mohammad Vahed, Dandan Peng, Yiting Meng, Anish Nagareddy, Yu-Ning Huang, Aaron Karlsberg, Zachary Miller, Jaqueline Brito, Brian Nadel, Victoria M. Pak, Malak S. Abedalthagafi, Amanda M. Burkhardt, Houda Alachkar, Antoni Ribas, Serghei Mangul
Summary: Researchers have evaluated the ability of RNA-Seq-based methods to detect T-cell receptor (TCR) sequences by analyzing 19 cancer cohorts. The results show that RNA-Seq-based methods can effectively capture clonotypes and estimate the diversity of TCR repertoires, particularly in T-cell-rich tissues and low-diversity tissues. However, the ability of RNA-Seq methods is limited in T-cell-poor tissues, especially in highly diverse repertoires. Therefore, incorporating RNA-Seq into immune repertoire screening of cancer patients provides broader transcriptomic knowledge beyond the limited information of TCR-Seq.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Andrea M. H. Towlerton, Shashidhar Ravishankar, David G. Coffey, Camille E. Puronen, Edus H. Warren
Summary: Long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) is associated with sustained increases in CD4(+) T-cell count, but its effect on the peripheral blood T-cell repertoire has not been comprehensively evaluated. In this study, serial profiling of the composition and diversity of the T-cell receptor beta-chain (TRB) repertoire before and after ART initiation in 30 adults with HIV infection revealed that ART increased the TRB repertoire diversity, but it remained lower than in the control group. The composition and structure of the TRB repertoires in PLHIV after long-term ART were also significantly perturbed compared to the control cohort.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lihua Deng, Anna Harms, Sarina Ravens, Immo Prinz, Likai Tan
Summary: The heterogeneity of V delta 2(+) TCRs is primarily determined by TRDJ-usage and the length of CDR3aa sequences. Public V delta 2(+) TCRs result from germline-like rearrangement and synonymous codons, and they are associated with a higher expansion status.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cheol-Hwa Hong, Hong-Seon Pyo, In-Cheol Baek, Tai-Gyu Kim
Summary: The study developed a novel TCR cloning system that successfully obtained and studied specific TCR pairs using an improved Jurkat cell line and reverse TCR cloning technology. This system provides valuable information for TCR repertoire analysis by NGS and the development of TCR-T therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Christoph Binz, Anja Bubke, Inga Sandrock, Immo Prinz
Summary: The replacement of skin-resident γ δ DETC by α β DETC in Tcrd(-/-) mice shows differences in phenotype and TCR repertoires compared to wild-type, with the α β DETC expressing an MHC-independent TCR repertoire.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akul Singhania, John Pham, Rekha Dhanwani, April Frazier, Juliana Rezende Dutra, Karen S. Marder, Elizabeth Phillips, Simon Mallal, Amy W. Amara, David G. Standaert, David Sulzer, Bjoern Peters, Alessandro Sette, Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn
Summary: The study characterized the TCR repertoire of alpha-syn-specific T cells in individuals with Parkinson's disease for the first time. The findings showed that the TCR repertoire was specific to each PD patient, with no shared TCRs among patients defined.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: This mini-review discusses observations from the 1990s on culturing gluten-specific and astrovirus-specific CD4(+) T cells from duodenal biopsies, showing that these antigen-specific T cells can migrate out of gut biopsies during overnight culture, indicating a tissue-resident memory T cell phenotype. These findings predate the concept of tissue-resident memory T cells and highlight the importance of studying gut T cells in understanding immune responses.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Asbjorn Christophersen, Shiva Dahal-Koirala, Marketa Chlubnova, Jorgen Jahnsen, Knut E. A. Lundin, Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: This article tests the feasibility of isolating gluten-reactive T cells in celiac disease by sorting T cells based on their distinct phenotypes. The results show that a high percentage of T cells sorted based on the distinct phenotype exhibit gluten reactivity. The study also reveals clonal expansion and sequence sharing, indicating antigen-driven responses. This finding highlights the potential of using phenotypic markers to characterize disease-driving CD4(+) T cells in autoimmune conditions.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Rolf A. Klaasen, David J. Warren, Rasmus Iversen, Nils Bolstad, Ina L. Andersen, Patricia Mjones, Elin Ronne, Knut E. A. Lundin, Ludvig M. Sollid, Eivind Ness - Jensen
Summary: In this study, a robust and automated assay for screening celiac disease in the general population was developed and clinically validated. The use of higher cut-offs improved the accuracy of diagnosis.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Ciacchi, Carine Farenc, Shiva Dahal-Koirala, Jan Petersen, Ludvig M. Sollid, Hugh H. Reid, Jamie Rossjohn
Summary: This study investigates the T-cell receptor specificity and cross-reactivity of two immunodominant wheat gluten epitopes in celiac disease. The researchers find that the differences in binding between the epitopes and T-cell receptors at position 7 explain the cross-reactivity between the two epitopes.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christian B. Lindstad, M. Fleur du Pre, Jorunn Stamnaes, Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: The results of the study suggest that secreted anti-TG2 antibodies do not have a direct role in the development of celiac enteropathy.
Review
Pathology
Rasmus Iversen, Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: Among HLA-associated disorders, celiac disease is well understood in terms of immunopathogenesis. This disease is characterized by hypersensitivity to gluten proteins and affects the gut. Diagnosis can be made by detecting autoantibodies to transglutaminase 2 in the blood. This review provides insights into the immunobiology of this common disorder that lies between food hypersensitivity and autoimmunity.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Knut E. A. Lundin, Peter H. R. Green
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ludvig M. Sollid, Rasmus Iversen
Summary: Polymeric IgA and IgM are transported across the epithelial barrier from plasma cells in the lamina propria to exert a function in the gut lumen as secretory antibodies. T cells play a crucial role in the production of bacteria-reactive secretory antibodies, which are important for regulating gut bacterial communities.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jostein H. Ibsen, Adity Chopra, Eline Benno Vaage, John T. Vaage, Fridtjof Lund-Johansen, Knut E. A. Lundin
Summary: This study investigated the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with celiac disease (CeD) and compared it with healthy controls. The results showed that the humoral response in CeD patients is similar to that observed in healthy controls.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nader Atlasy, Anna Bujko, Espen S. Baekkevold, Peter Brazda, Eva Janssen-Megens, Knut E. A. Lundin, Jorgen Jahnsen, Frode L. Jahnsen, Hendrik G. Stunnenberg
Summary: This study characterizes the immune cell compartment of the human small intestine during active Celiac disease using single cell transcriptomics. The results show altered myeloid cell transcriptomes and extensive changes in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell transcriptomes. In addition, a reduced population of natural intraepithelial lymphocytes is observed in Celiac disease.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marketa Chlubnova, Asbjorn O. Christophersen, Geir Kjetil F. Sandve, Knut E. A. Lundin, Jorgen Jahnsen, Shiva Dahal-Koirala, Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: 42 wheat gluten-reactive T cell clones with different phenotypes and no reactivity to known epitopes were screened. Synthetic peptides were identified bioinformatically from a wheat gluten protein database and tested against the T cell clones. Reactivity of 10 T cell clones was assigned, and 5 previously uncharacterized gliadin/glutenin epitopes with a 9-nucleotide oligomer core region were identified. This work represents an advance in identifying CeD-driving gluten epitopes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Frida van Megen, Maria Fossli, Gry I. Skodje, Monica H. Carlsen, Lene F. Andersen, Marit B. Veierod, Knut E. A. Lundin, Christine Henriksen
Summary: A study on women with celiac disease and ongoing symptoms revealed that their dietary intake was unbalanced, with higher intake of fat and lower intake of protein and dietary fiber. This highlights the importance of nutritional follow-up for celiac patients and the development of nutrient-dense gluten-free products.
CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anne Mari Herfindal, Frida van Megen, Mari K. O. Gilde, Jorgen Valeur, Knut Rudi, Gry I. I. Skodje, Knut E. A. Lundin, Christine Henriksen, Siv Kjolsrud Bohn
Summary: Individuals with CeD often experience gastrointestinal symptoms despite adherence to a GFD. The LFD may lead to changes in the faecal microbiota profile, but does not significantly affect gut integrity and inflammation markers in GFD-treated CeD patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lisa Garnweidner-Holme, Monica Hellmann, Christine Henriksen, Elisabeth Austad, Solveig Ivara Watters, Line Gaundal, Knut E. A. Lundin, Mari C. W. Myhrstad, Vibeke H. Telle-Hansen, Jana Pexova Kalinova
Summary: This study investigated the experiences of people with coeliac disease (CeD) with gluten-free bread, and found that they preferred fibre-rich gluten-free bread that is satiating and has a good texture.