Journal
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Volume 139, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106554
Keywords
Aegilops-Triticum; Amplicon sequencing; Hybrid speciation; Multispecies coalescent network; Reticulate evolution
Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-153388]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [31003A_153388] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Evolutionary relationships among the Aegilops-Triticum relatives of cultivated wheats have been difficult to resolve owing to incomplete lineage sorting and reticulate evolution. Recent studies have suggested that the wheat D-genome lineage (progenitor of Ae. tauschii) originated through homoploid hybridization between the A-genome lineage (progenitor of Triticum s.str.) and the B-genome lineage (progenitor of Ae. speltoides). This scenario of reticulation has been debated, calling for adequate phylogenetic analyses based on comprehensive sampling. To reconstruct the evolution of Aegilops-Triticum diploids, we here combined high-throughput sequencing of 38 nuclear low-copy loci of multiple accessions of all 13 species with inferences of the species phylogeny using the full-parameterized MCMC_SEQ method. Phylogenies recovered a monophyletic Aegilops-Triticum lineage that began diversifying similar to 6.6 Ma ago and gave rise to four sublineages, i.e. the A- (2 species), B-(1 species), D- (9 species) and T- (Ae. mutica) genome lineage. Full-parameterized phylogenies as well as patterns of tree dilation and tree compression supported a hybrid origin of the D-genome lineage from A and B similar to 3.0-4.0 Ma ago, and did not indicate additional hybridization events. Conflicting ABBA-BABA tests suggestive of further reticulation were shown here to result from ancestral population structure rather than hybridization. This comprehensive and dated phylogeny of wheat relatives indicates that the origin of the hybrid D-genome was followed by intense diversification into the majority of extant diploid as well as allopolyploid wild wheats.
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