Review
Immunology
Caterina Veroni, Francesca Aloisi
Summary: The role of CD8 T cells in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been increasingly recognized in recent years, with studies indicating their importance in disease pathogenesis and neurodegenerative cascade. Research has shown that CD8 T cells predominate in MS brain lesions and are clonally expanded in the central nervous system, potentially playing a key role in inducing neuroinflammation and tissue damage. Additionally, the association of specific MHC class I alleles with MS genetic risk implicates CD8 T cells in disease pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Fransenio Clark, Anna Gil, Ishwor Thapa, Nuray Aslan, Dario Ghersi, Liisa K. K. Selin
Summary: Older people have difficulty controlling infection with common viruses, and changes in T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires may contribute to waning immunity with age. There are differences in TCR usage between young and older individuals, particularly in the alpha and beta repertoires. Both young and older individuals have cross-reactive T cell responses to the common viruses, but the specific features of these responses differ.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sabine Tischer-Zimmermann, Agnes Bonifacius, Maria Michela Santamorena, Philip Mausberg, Sven Stoll, Marius Doering, Ulrich Kalinke, Rainer Blasczyk, Britta Maecker-Kolhoff, Britta Eiz-Vesper
Summary: In immunocompromised patients, EBV infection or reactivation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The first-line treatment consists of reduction of immunosuppression and administration of rituximab. In addition, monitoring of T cells of high-risk patients is crucial for improving clinical outcome.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Chu Xie, Lan-Yi Zhong, Guo-Long Bu, Ge-Xin Zhao, Bo-Yu Yuan, Yuan-Tao Liu, Cong Sun, Mu-Sheng Zeng
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is widespread and associated with various cancers and autoimmune diseases. During infection, EBV induces the production of different antibodies, which play significant roles in host response and disease pathogenesis. These antibodies have been extensively studied and found to be valuable for disease diagnosis, understanding disease mechanisms, and developing antiviral treatments. This review discusses the versatile roles of EBV antibodies as important biomarkers for EBV-related diseases, potential drivers of autoimmunity, and promising therapeutic agents for viral infection and pathogenesis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Review
Immunology
Qiuting Zhang, Miao Xu
Summary: This article summarizes T-cell responses in EBV-related cancers, considering latency patterns, host immune status, and factors such as human leukocyte antigen (HLA) susceptibility that may affect immune outcomes. The authors also discuss the potential roles of EBV-specific T-cell responses in tumor microenvironments and describe T-cell immunotherapy strategies that harness EBV antigens.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Julien Lupo, Mansour Tsougaev, Stephane Blachier, Guillaume Chovelon, Aurelie Truffot, Corentin Leroy, Joris Giai, Olivier Epaulard, Raphaele Germi, Patrice Morand
Summary: This study compared the performance of two immunoassays for detecting serological markers of EBV infection. The results showed a high agreement between the two methods, but differences were found in sensitivity and detection rates for early primary infection and past infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Christian Munz
Summary: EBV is the most common human tumor virus, infecting over 95% of the adult population but only a small minority developing malignancies. The majority control EBV infection with specific lymphocytes, defining immune response characteristics. Current research focuses on developing immunotherapies against EBV and tumors.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jeremy T. Keane, Ali Afrasiabi, Stephen D. Schibeci, Nicole Fewings, Grant P. Parnell, Sanjay Swaminathan, David R. Booth
Summary: The study found gender-specific associations with EBV traits and MS risk SNP/gene pairs, with some genes showing gender differences in correlation of gene expression level with Estrogen Receptor 2. Estradiol treatment altered MS risk gene expression, LCL proliferation rate, EBV DNA copy number, and EBNA2 expression in a sex-dependent manner, indicating estrogen-mediated gender-specific differences in MS risk gene expression and EBV functions. This may contribute to gender differences in host response to EBV and MS susceptibility.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wesley Huisman, Ilse Gille, Lieve E. van der Maarel, Lois Hageman, Laura T. Morton, Rob C. M. de Jong, Mirjam H. M. Heemskerk, Derk Amsen, J. H. Frederik Falkenburg, Inge Jedema
Summary: In this study, we isolated the first functional HLA-A*01:01-restricted EBV-LMP2-specific T-cell populations and TCRs and demonstrated that these T-cell populations and T cells modified to express the LMP2-specific T-cell receptor showed IFN-gamma secretion and cytotoxicity toward EBV-LMP2-expressing malignant cell lines.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Yun Deng, Bithi Chatterjee, Kyra Zens, Hana Zdimerova, Anne Muller, Patrick Schuhmachers, Laure-Anne Ligeon, Antonino Bongiovanni, Riccarda Capaul, Andrea Zbinden, Angelika Holler, Hans Stauss, Wolfgang Hammerschmidt, Christian Muenz
Summary: Deficiencies in the costimulatory molecule CD27 and its ligand CD70 can lead to uncontrolled EBV infection, with CD27 blockade affecting only certain EBV-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses, indicating that CD27 is not required for all CD8(+) T-cell expansions and cytotoxicity.
Article
Immunology
Oded Shamriz, Deepak Kumar, Jenny Shim, Michael Briones, Maa-Ohui Quarmyne, Satheesh Chonat, Laura Lucas, Holly Edington, Michael H. White, Advay Mahajan, Sunita Park, Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan
Summary: T cell-EBV-HLH is found in the USA, especially among non-Asian populations such as Hispanics. Most patients do not have primary HLH gene defects, but disease severity and treatment response are correlated. The majority of patients respond well to immunosuppressive therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Yin Luo, Yitong Liu, Chengkun Wang, Runliang Gan
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus is closely associated with multiple human cancers, mainly lymphomas and carcinomas. The virus can induce oncogenesis through activating various signaling pathways in host cells.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wei Shi, Mackenzie Fijardo, Jeff P. Bruce, Jie Su, Wei Xu, Rachel Bell, Pierre-Antoine Bissey, Angela B. Y. Hui, John Waldron, Trevor J. Pugh, Kenneth W. Yip, Fei-Fei Liu
Summary: This study reveals the prognostic significance of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in naso-pharyngeal cancer (NPC) and suggests the potential of utilizing CD8+ lymphocytes for immunotherapy.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Armin Gerbitz, Regina Gary, Michael Aigner, Andreas Moosmann, Anita Kremer, Christoph Schmid, Klaus Hirschbuehl, Eva Wagner, Beate Hauptrock, Daniel Teschner, Wolf Roesler, Bernd Spriewald, Johanna Tischer, Stephanie Moi, Heidi Balzer, Stefanie Schaffer, Judith Bausenwein, Anja Wagner, Franziska Schmidt, Jens Brestrich, Barbara Ullrich, Stefanie Maas, Susanne Herold, Julian Strobel, Robert Zimmermann, Volker Weisbach, Leo Hansmann, Fernanda Lammoglia-Cobo, Mats Remberger, Matthias Stelljes, Francis Ayuk, Robert Zeiser, Andreas Mackensen
Summary: The study results showed that the use of CMV and EBV specific T cells derived from allogeneic stem cell grafts can safely prevent and preemptively treat reactivation of the viruses without inducing acute graft versus host disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Agresti, Rosella Mechelli, Stefania Olla, Caterina Veroni, Cecilia Eleuteri, Giovanni Ristori, Marco Salvetti
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Stefania Brignone, Angela Lanciotti, Barbara Serafini, Cinzia Mallozzi, Marco Sbriccoli, Caterina Veroni, Paola Molinari, Xabier Elorza-Vidal, Tamara Corinna Petrucci, Raul Estevez, Elena Ambrosini
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Caterina Veroni, Barbara Serafini, Barbara Rosicarelli, Corrado Fagnani, Francesca Aloisi, Cristina Agresti
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Caterina Veroni, Francesca Aloisi
Summary: The role of CD8 T cells in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been increasingly recognized in recent years, with studies indicating their importance in disease pathogenesis and neurodegenerative cascade. Research has shown that CD8 T cells predominate in MS brain lesions and are clonally expanded in the central nervous system, potentially playing a key role in inducing neuroinflammation and tissue damage. Additionally, the association of specific MHC class I alleles with MS genetic risk implicates CD8 T cells in disease pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Francesca Gargano, Gisella Guerrera, Eleonora Piras, Barbara Serafini, Monica Di Paola, Lisa Rizzetto, Maria Chiara Buscarinu, Viviana Annibali, Claudia Vuotto, Marco De Bardi, Silvia D'Orso, Serena Ruggieri, Claudio Gasperini, Lorenzo Pavarini, Giovanni Ristori, Mario Picozza, Barbara Rosicarelli, Clara Ballerini, Rosella Mechelli, Francesco Vitali, Duccio Cavalieri, Marco Salvetti, Daniela F. Angelini, Giovanna Borsellino, Carlotta De Filippo, Luca Battistini
Summary: The composition of the gut microbiota plays a critical role in shaping the immune system. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have higher fungal abundance and activation of immune cells in response to food-associated fungi. These immune cells can cross the blood-brain barrier and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Piscopo, Valeria Manzini, Roberto Rivabene, Alessio Crestini, Loredana Le Pera, Elisabetta Pizzi, Caterina Veroni, Giuseppina Talarico, Martina Peconi, Anna Elisa Castellano, Carmelo D'Alessio, Giuseppe Bruno, Massimo Corbo, Nicola Vanacore, Eleonora Lacorte
Summary: Circulating non-coding RNAs, especially circular RNAs (circRNAs), show promise as biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) diagnosis. Differential expression of circRNAs was observed in participants with AD compared to healthy controls, and these circRNAs are involved in processes related to the pathology of AD, such as nervous system development, protein phosphorylation, apoptosis, and inflammation pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Francesca Aloisi, Caterina Veroni, Barbara Serafini
Summary: The article discusses the hypothesis of EBV as the "gluten of MS" and suggests that EBV may act as the driver of multiple sclerosis without involving autoimmunity.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Barbara Serafini, Barbara Rosicarelli, Caterina Veroni, Francesca Aloisi
Summary: Presence of EBV infected B cells and EBV-specific CD8 T cells in the MS brain suggests a role for virus-driven immunopathology in brain inflammation. Tissue-resident memory (Trm) T cells differentiating in MS lesions could provide local protection against EBV reactivation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Biagio Orlando, Alessandra Morano, Valeria Manzini, Emanuele Cerulli Irelli, Maria S. Borioni, Caterina Veroni, Enrico Michele Salamone, Chiara D'Amelio, Elisa Moliterni, Sandra Giustini, Gabriele Ruffolo, Ivan Arisi, Mara D'Onofrio, Anna T. Giallonardo, Paola Piscopo, Carlo Di Bonaventura
Summary: This exploratory study found a significant increase in GFAP plasma concentration in TSC adult patients, which was correlated with the severity of their neurological symptoms, supporting the central role of astrocytopathy in the pathophysiology of TSC.
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
A. Lanciotti, M. S. Brignone, C. Veroni, C. Aiello, L. Sforna, T. C. Petrucci, E. Bertini, M. Pessia, E. Ambrosini