210Po in the environment: insight into the naturally occurring polonium isotope

Polonium is rapidly emerging as an international environmental health concern primarily because of the recent rise in hydraulic fracturing (fracking). Recovery of unconventional oil and gas generates produced water containing natural radioactivity, which is increasing the radiological impact of Po-210. In this context, accurate measurements of Po-210 in environmental samples is crucial because Po-210 is the main contributor to the natural radiation dose received by all living organisms. However, the analytical chemistry of polonium is complicated, primarily due to its volatility. This review highlights recent analytical progress and challenges in determination of Po-210 in the environmental and biological samples.