Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ashlee Turner, Haley M. LaMonica, Victoria M. Flood
Summary: Mediterranean diet interventions have positive effects in preventing and managing chronic conditions in older adults. This scoping review provides an overview of these interventions and the behavior change techniques used. A total of 31 studies were included, with a mean of 5 techniques used per intervention. Common techniques included instruction, social support, and providing credible information. Integrating behavior change techniques in nutrition interventions for older adults is crucial for targeting behaviors effectively.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kenneth M. Madden, Boris Feldman, Jocelyn Chase
Summary: The study found a significant association between sedentary behavior and increasing cardiometabolic risk even in active older adults. Therefore, reducing sedentary time in daily life may help lower cardiometabolic risk in the elderly population.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sara Moreira, Pedro Moreira, Ana S. Sousa, Rita S. Guerra, Claudia Afonso, Alejandro Santos, Nuno Borges, Teresa F. Amaral, Patricia Padrao
Summary: This study analyzed data from elderly Portuguese adults and found that a high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was associated with excessive sodium excretion in men, highlighting the importance of implementing strategies to reduce sodium intake for those following a Mediterranean Diet.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laura J. McGowan, Rachael Powell, David P. French
Summary: Older adults often equate sedentary behavior with a lack of physical activity, and some perceive reducing sedentary behavior as synonymous with increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. While most participants considered reducing sedentary behavior to be valuable, more active individuals were skeptical about its value beyond the benefits of being physically active.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Helio Jose Coelho-Junior, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Stefano Cacciatore, Matteo Tosato, Francesco Landi, Emanuele Marzetti
Summary: Previous studies have shown that regular aerobic training and adherence to a Mediterranean diet can lower the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults. However, the effect of their combination on sarcopenia indices is unknown.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shamsul Azhar Shah, Nazarudin Safian, Zulkefley Mohammad, Siti Rohani Nurumal, Wan Abdul Hannan Wan Ibadullah, Juliana Mansor, Saharuddin Ahmad, Mohd Rohaizat Hassan, Yugo Shobugawa
Summary: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with handgrip strength (HGS) among older adults in Malaysia. The study found that HGS in males significantly decreased with increasing age, physical inactivity, and diabetes, while HGS in females significantly decreased with age, physical inactivity, and hypertension. However, female HGS was positively related to BMI.
JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY HEALTHCARE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rosie Fountotos, Haroon Munir, Michael Goldfarb, Sandra Lauck, Dae Kim, Louis Perrault, Rakesh Arora, Emmanuel Moss, Lawrence G. Rudski, Melissa Bendayan, Palina Piankova, Victoria Hayman, Julia Rodighiero, Marie-Claude Ouimet, Sarah Lantagne, Nicolo Piazza, Jonathan Afilalo
Summary: Handgrip strength (HGS) is a simple and effective tool that can predict mortality and prolonged recovery after cardiac surgery. Weak HGS was associated with higher mortality rates, prolonged length of stay, and discharge to a health care facility. HGS cutoffs of <26 kg in men and <16 kg in women had the highest predictive performance for mortality outcomes.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Zi Chen, Mandy Ho, Pui Hing Chau
Summary: This study found that handgrip strength asymmetry was associated with the future risk of neurodegenerative disorders among Chinese older adults. Public healthcare providers could consider examining HGS asymmetry along with the maximal HGS as a way to identify those at elevated risk of neurodegenerative disorders.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sebastien Chastin, Paul A. Gardiner, Juliet A. Harvey, Calum F. Leask, Javier Jerez-Roig, Dori Rosenberg, Maureen C. Ashe, Jorunn L. Helbostad, Dawn A. Skelton
Summary: The study evaluated interventions aimed at reducing sedentary behavior in elderly community-dwelling individuals. The results suggest that these interventions may reduce sedentary time in older adults, but the impact on their physical or mental health remains uncertain. Future studies should focus on modifying environmental, policy, and social norms, and using larger sample sizes to gather more comprehensive data.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Amasene, Ariadna Besga, Maria Medrano, Miriam Urquiza, Ana Rodriguez-Larrad, Ignacio Tobalina, Julia Barroso, Jon Irazusta, Idoia Labayen
Summary: The study reveals that over half of hospitalized older adults are at risk of malnutrition or malnourished, and the majority of older inpatients have poor physical performance. Handgrip strength and SPPB are recommended as alternative measures of muscle mass for malnutrition management in this population.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fredy Alonso Patino-Villada, Alejandro Estrada-Restrepo, Juan Aristizabal
Summary: Handgrip strength is an important predictor of functional impairment and morbidity in older adults. This study assessed handgrip characteristics and compared dynapenia handgrip cutoffs proposed for Colombians with international criteria. The results showed that handgrip strength decreased with age and had associations with functional and health parameters. However, the Colombian cutoffs for dynapenia underestimated its prevalence and did not show associations with relevant parameters. Therefore, caution should be exercised when using the handgrip cutoffs proposed for Colombians.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melissa J. Benton, Jefferson M. Spicher, Amy L. Silva-Smith
Summary: Among older adults, handgrip strength is commonly used as an indicator of frailty and sarcopenia. However, this study found that there is poor agreement between the two most frequently used handgrip dynamometers, indicating a lack of validity. Standardization and device-specific cutoff points are needed for accurate diagnosis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nathalie Yaghi, Rita El Hayeck, Christa Boulos, Marianne Abifadel, Cesar Yaghi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the link between cognitive decline and associated factors, particularly dietary patterns (DPs), in community-dwelling older Lebanese of modest economic status. The study found that the association between literacy level and dietary patterns only existed in the context of cognitive decline.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Seonghee Park, Minjeong Chae, Hyoungsu Park, Kyong Park
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the association between BCAA intake and handgrip strength in Korean older adults, finding a positive correlation between leucine intake and handgrip strength, which is beneficial for maintaining muscle health.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stefano Cacciatore, Riccardo Calvani, Emanuele Marzetti, Anna Picca, Helio Jose Coelho-Junior, Anna Maria Martone, Claudia Massaro, Matteo Tosato, Francesco Landi
Summary: Muscle strength is associated with aging. While the relationship between adherence to Mediterranean diet and muscle strength in older adults remains inconclusive, this study found that those with higher adherence to Mediterranean diet had a lower risk of probable sarcopenia.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Celia Regina Barbosa De Araujo, Karini Freire Rocha, Byanca Carneiro, Karla Danielly da Silva Ribeiro, Ines Lanca de Morais, Joao Breda, Patricia Padrao, Pedro Moreira
Summary: This study evaluated the nutritional value of processed food products for 0-36-month-old children in Portugal and Brazil. Results showed that many meat- or fish-based meals in Brazil exceeded the recommended levels of sodium and total fat, while fruit and vegetable purees, as well as juice and smoothie products in Portugal, contained excessive free sugars and fat. These findings highlight the importance of improving the nutritional profile of food products targeted at young children.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luiza Antoniazzi, Renata Costa de Miranda, Fernanda Rauber, Milena Miranda de Moraes, Claudia Afonso, Cristina Santos, Carla Lopes, Sara Rodrigues, Renata Bertazzi Levy
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between micronutrient intake and the degree of food processing, as well as the association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and micronutrient inadequacies in Portuguese adults and elderly individuals. The findings reveal that ultra-processed foods have lower content of vitamins and minerals compared to unprocessed or minimally processed foods. High energy contribution from ultra-processed foods is associated with lower density of vitamins and minerals. Public health actions promoting a reduction in the consumption of ultra-processed foods are important.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joana Sampaio, Joana Carvalho, Andreia Pizarro, Joana Pinto, Andre Moreira, Patricia Padrao, Paula Guedes de Pinho, Pedro Moreira, Renata Barros
Summary: The MED-E project aims to assess the effect of sustainable healthy diet (SHD) and multicomponent training (MT) interventions on various health outcomes in the elderly. The study assigned older adults into four groups and evaluated blood biomarkers, metabolic profile alterations, dietary intake, physical fitness, body composition, cognitive function, quality of life, and geographical data. The results of the MED-E project will provide valuable information about the importance and benefits of combined SHD and MT interventions for healthy aging policies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Catia Queiros, Flavia Borges Machado, Duarte Barros, Joana Sampaio, Arnaldina Sampaio, Renata Barros, Pedro Moreira, Oscar Ribeiro, Joana Carvalho, Patricia Padrao
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess hydration status, its determinants, and water intake sources in older adults with neurocognitive disorder. The study found that 30% of participants had inadequate hydration status, and 68.4% of women and 77.8% of men did not reach the recommended water intake. This study highlights the importance of addressing hydration in this vulnerable population.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rui Valdiviesso, Emilia Moreira, Sonia Martins, Luis Filipe Azevedo, Rosario Ataide, Lia Fernandes, Jose Silva-Cardoso, Nuno Borges
Summary: The objective of this study was to describe the differences in nutritional, functional, and clinical statuses between younger and older heart failure patients. The results showed that the frailty phenotype should be assessed in all patients, regardless of age, and hand grip strength can be used as a good predictor of age.
REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarai Isabel Machado, Maria Lopes Pereira, Susana Roque, Maria Jose Costeira, Adriano A. A. Bordalo, Andre Miranda, Patricio Costa, Nuno Borges, Joana Almeida Palha
Summary: Salt iodization programs have been found to be effective in ensuring adequate iodine intake in iodine-deficient populations. A study in Portugal found that iodine deficiency was prevalent among women of childbearing age and pregnant women. While iodized salt became mandatory in school canteens, there were no specific programs or regulations for the general population. The study also found that the overall sales and contribution of iodized salt to iodine intake were extremely low.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meryem Elif Ozturk, Rui Poinhos, Claudia Afonso, Nurcan Yabanci Ayhan, Maria Daniel Vaz de Almeida, Bruno M. P. M. Oliveira
Summary: Malnutrition is widespread among older adults, and its determinants may differ between countries. This study compared Portuguese and Turkish non-institutionalized older adults regarding nutritional status, sociodemographic, health and anthropometric characteristics. The results showed that Turkish older adults were more likely to be malnourished or at risk, while Portuguese older adults had a higher prevalence of chronic diseases. Better nutritional status was associated with younger age, higher BMI and calf circumference, and the risk factors for malnutrition included being female, older age, chronic diseases, and lower BMI or calf circumference.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Monica Rodrigues, Francisca de Castro Mendes, Luis Delgado, Patricia Padrao, Ines Paciencia, Renata Barros, Joao Cavaleiro Rufo, Diana Silva, Andre Moreira, Pedro Moreira
Summary: Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease, is influenced by diet. Certain dietary factors have been identified as potential contributors to asthma development and severity due to their inflammatory and oxidative effects. Consumption of fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats has been associated with a positive impact on asthma, while high intake of salt, saturated fats, and trans-fat has a negative effect. However, further research is needed on dietary patterns and their mechanisms of action.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tania Jorge, Sofia Sousa, Isabel do Carmo, Nuno Lunet, Patricia Padrao
Summary: Trained observers can accurately estimate weight status in adults through structured observation, providing a useful and accurate alternative to direct measurement or self-reported weight. They are able to distinguish normal weight from overweight/obesity with high sensitivity and specificity, and substantial interrater reliability.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Teresa Louro, Laura Carreira, Ines Caeiro, Carla Simoes, Sara Ricardo-Rodrigues, Ana Elisa Rato, Fernando Capela e Silva, Henrique Luis, Pedro Moreira, Elsa Lamy
Summary: The relationship between salivary proteome and dietary habits was investigated, finding a connection between salivary proteins (cystatins) and polyphenol/tannin levels in diet. The effects of apple intake on the saliva proteome were examined in both the short and medium term. Salivary cystatins showed changes in their levels immediately after apple intake and after continuous apple intake for 4 days, indicating that intake is reflected in the salivary proteome.
Article
Pediatrics
Monica Rodrigues, Francisca de Castro Mendes, Patricia Padrao, Luis Delgado, Renata Barros, Joao Cavaleiro Rufo, Diana Silva, Andre Moreira, Pedro Moreira
Summary: Adequate sodium intake is beneficial for health, and the Mediterranean diet is known for its positive impacts. However, the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and sodium excretion in children is unclear. This study found no association between high adherence to the Mediterranean diet and lower sodium excretion in children.
Article
Pediatrics
Monica Rodrigues, Francisca de Castro Mendes, Patricia Padrao, Luis Delgado, Ines Paciencia, Renata Barros, Joao Cavaleiro Rufo, Diana Silva, Andre Moreira, Pedro Moreira
Summary: This cross-sectional study explores the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and levels of airway inflammation in school-aged children. The findings suggest that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower levels of airway inflammation among non-overweight/non-obese children.
