Review
Biology
Kevin Lee, Kimberly D. Jenkins, Tanaya Sparkle
Summary: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe psychiatric disorders, and providing appropriate anesthesia for ECT is challenging, requiring consideration of the patient's condition and associated risks.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tarika Nagi, Amit Jagtiani, Saurabh Somvanshi, Satesh A. Seegobin, Jasbir Singh, Anil K. Bachu, Meenal Pathak
Summary: The efficacy of ketamine as an anesthetic during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for major depression has not been answered by a large randomized control trial (RCT). A scoping review was conducted to examine the available literature on the influence of ketamine dose during ECT on treatment response. Inconsistent results were found regarding the speed and magnitude of response to ketamine-assisted ECT in patients with major depression.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chittaranjan Andrade
Summary: Right unilateral or bilateral electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) showed superior outcomes compared to racemic ketamine in severely depressed patients. However, the response and remission rates of ketamine were still impressive enough to be considered as an alternative to ECT in patients referred for ECT.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hong Li, Lingzhi Hou, Dong Wang, Qijin Wu, Haijin Li, Wen He, Sheng Li, Jianyue Pang, Yanyan Zhang, Quangang Ma, Cai Li, Jun Cheng
Summary: This study found that the combination of antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is highly effective and safe for treating depression in both adolescents and adults. Depressed adolescents expressed stronger suicidal intent, which was alleviated by ECT. There were no significant differences in depression symptoms and treatment outcomes between adolescents and adults, and the side effects were similar.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
V. Millischer, S. Pramhas, I. Wiedermann, V. Eder, H. G. Kress, A. Michalek-Sauberer, D. Rujescu, R. Frey, P. Baldinger-Melich
Summary: This retrospective study compared the effects of etomidate and methohexital as anesthetic agents in ECT treatment. The results showed that etomidate was inferior to methohexital, as it led to longer procedure duration and poor side effects.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Randall T. Espinoza, Charles H. Kellner
Summary: Update on Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): ECT is effective for several disorders, notably severe or treatment-resistant depression, showing rapid response. However, stigma hampers its usage. The mechanism remains unknown, but a seizure is necessary for efficacy. ECT prominently affects memory, albeit transiently.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lisa G. Hammershoj, Jeff Z. Petersen, Hans M. Jensen, Martin B. Jorgensen, Kamilla W. Miskowiak
Summary: The study found that patients fear cognitive adverse effects and lack of treatment efficacy with ECT, while objective cognition temporarily declines after ECT but recovers after 3 months. Patients showed more subjective cognitive difficulties at baseline and more subjective cognitive adverse effects post-ECT, with this discrepancy reducing at follow-up. Younger age and poorer objective cognition pretreatment were associated with more subjective cognitive adverse effects 5 to 7 days after ECT.
Review
Neurosciences
Sayra Catalina Coral Castro, Carla Bicca, Bruno Bicca, Stefany Araujo, Thiago Wendt Viola
Summary: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for resistant major depression, and epigenetics shows promise in developing biomarkers related to ECT treatment response. This systematic review found that studies on the epigenetics of ECT in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were limited and heterogeneous in design and findings. Despite these limitations, certain candidates, such as BDNF, S100A10, and miR-126, showed evidence of association with ECT treatment response. Overall, the findings support the role of epigenetic mechanisms in ECT effects.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Virginie Moulier, Julien Guehl, Emilie Eveque-Mourroux, Pierre Quesada, Maud Rotharmel
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between clinical response and postictal suppression indicators during ECT treatment. The results showed that postictal suppression from the first ECT session can predict long-term clinical response, but not early clinical response. Postictal suppression frequency was not associated with clinical response, and there was also no association between postictal suppression and short-term cognitive performance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Rohini M. Surve, Preeti Sinha, Sachin P. Baliga, M. Radhakrishnan, Nupur Karan, J. L. Anju, Shyamsundar Arumugham, Jagadisha Thirthalli
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) services globally, but for patients with severe mental illnesses, ECT remains a crucial and urgent treatment option. Therefore, continuing ECT services during the pandemic is essential.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Erhan Kavakbasi, Franziska Rodner, Lavanja Nimalavachchlan, Kathrin Schwarte, Christiane Schettler, Linda M. Bonnekoh, Nils Opel, Anne-Christin Peine, Bernhard T. Baune, Christa Hohoff
Summary: This case study reports on the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in a middle-aged man with multiple sclerosis (MS) and treatment-resistant severe bipolar depression. The results show that ECT was well-tolerated and did not lead to neurological deterioration or new neurological symptoms. Partial response was observed in terms of symptom improvement, and the concentration of inflammation and neurodegeneration biomarkers was low.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Vivien L. Hajak, Goran Hajak, Christoph Ziegelmayer, Simone Grimm, Wolfgang Trapp
Summary: The study retrospectively analyzed safety protocols and patient files of 157 patients who received ECT treatment, finding a low incidence rate of serious pLTAEs at 0.097%, indicating that ECT is a relatively safe treatment when performed in a controlled environment. Overall, the beneficial risk profile of ECT performed in standard care of psychiatric hospitals suggests a more generous indication for this treatment method.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lucie Jurek, Jean-Michel Dorey, Mikail Nourredine, Filipe Galvao, Jerome Brunelin
Summary: Patients with late-life depression and vascular risk factors showed lower response rates to ECT compared to those without VRF. The study suggests that the more vascular risk factors increased, the less antidepressant effect of ECT was observed.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chittaranjan Andrade
Summary: Sevoflurane may shorten EEG seizure duration in ECT anesthesia compared to IV anesthetics, but has different effects on heart rate and mean arterial pressure and no significant difference in adverse events. However, its use requires additional anesthesia instruments and increases the complexity of the ECT procedure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Akihiro Takamiya, Taishiro Kishimoto, Jinichi Hirano, Toshiaki Kikuchi, Bun Yamagata, Masaru Mimura
Summary: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) leads to bilateral increases in gray matter volume (GMV) in multiple brain regions, with a larger increase in the right-lateralized frontolimbic regions seen in remitters. The GMV changes in specific brain regions, such as the right hippocampus/amygdala and right middle frontal gyrus, are correlated with clinical improvement.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Andrea A. Jones, Kristina M. Gicas, Sara Mostafavi, Melissa L. Woodward, Olga Leonova, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Ric M. Procyshyn, Alex Cheng, Tari Buchanan, Donna J. Lang, G. William MacEwan, William J. Panenka, Alasdair M. Barr, Allen E. Thornton, William G. Honer
Summary: People living in precarious housing or homelessness have higher rates of psychotic disorders, persistent psychotic symptoms, and premature mortality. Past and current experiences contribute to the severity and dynamic relationships between psychotic symptoms. Interrupting the self-perpetuating severity of psychotic symptoms in a vulnerable group of people could contribute to reducing premature mortality.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ida E. Sonderby, Christopher R. K. Ching, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Dennis van Der Meer, Daqiang Sun, Julio E. Villalon-Reina, Ingrid Agartz, Katrin Amunts, Celso Arango, Nicola J. Armstrong, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Geor Bakker, Anne S. Bassett, Dorret I. Boomsma, Robin Bulow, Nancy J. Butcher, Vince D. Calhoun, Svenja Caspers, Eva W. C. Chow, Sven Cichon, Simone Ciufolini, Michael C. Craig, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Adam C. Cunningham, Anders M. Dale, Paola Dazzan, Greig I. de Zubicaray, Srdjann Djurovic, Joanne L. Doherty, Gary Donohoe, Bogdan Draganski, Courtney A. Durdle, Stefan Ehrlich, Beverly S. Emanuel, Thomas Espeseth, Simon E. Fisher, Tian Ge, David C. Glahn, Hans J. Grabe, Raquel E. Gur, Boris A. Gutman, Jan Haavik, Asta K. Haberg, Laura A. Hansen, Ryota Hashimoto, Derrek P. Hibar, Avram J. Holmes, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Maria Jalbrzikowski, Emma E. M. Knowles, Leila Kushan, David E. J. Linden, Jingyu Liu, Astri J. Lundervold, Sandra Martin-Brevet, Kenia Martinez, Karen A. Mather, Samuel R. Mathias, Donna M. McDonald-McGinn, Allan F. McRae, Sarah E. Medland, Torgeir Moberget, Claudia Modenato, Jennifer Monereo Sanchez, Clara A. Moreau, Thomas W. Muhleisen, Tomas Paus, Zdenka Pausova, Carlos Prieto, Anjanibhargavi Ragothaman, Celine S. Reinbold, Tiago Reis Marques, Gabriela M. Repetto, Alexandre Reymond, David R. Roalf, Borja Rodriguez-Herreros, James J. Rucker, Perminder S. Sachdev, James E. Schmitt, Peter R. Schofield, Ana I. Silva, Hreinn Stefansson, Dan J. Stein, Christian K. Tamnes, Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez, Magnus O. Ulfarsson, Ariana Vajdi, Dennis van 't Ent, Marianne B. M. van den Bree, Evangelos Vassos, Javier Vazquez-Bourgon, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, G. Bragi Walters, Wei Wen, Lars T. Westlye, Katharina Wittfeld, Elaine H. Zackai, Kari Stefansson, Sebastien Jacquemont, Paul M. Thompson, Carrie E. Bearden, Ole A. Andreassen
Summary: The ENIGMA-CNV and 22q-ENIGMA WGs aim to investigate the effects of CNVs on brain structures, with findings showing differences in cognitive, neurodevelopmental, and neuropsychiatric traits as well as characteristic patterns of brain structural abnormalities. The genotype-first approach provides insights into the etiopathogenesis of brain disorders, and future directions include further understanding the impacts of CNVs on brain structure and behavior.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sean M. Nestor, Arsalan Mir-Moghtadaei, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Peter Giacobbe, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Daniel M. Blumberger, Jonathan Downar
Summary: This study investigated the response of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and its relationship with structural network integrity. The results suggest that structural network changes may underpin clinical response to rTMS, but the association between pre-treatment structural network expression and clinical improvement was not significant.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Andrea A. Jones, Lianne L. Cho, David D. Kim, Skye P. Barbic, Olga Leonova, Alexandra Byford, Tari Buchanan, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Ric M. Procyshyn, Donna J. Lang, A. Talia Vertinsky, G. William MacEwan, Alexander Rauscher, William J. Panenka, Allen E. Thornton, Alasdair M. Barr, Thalia S. Field, William G. Honer
Summary: Pain and its consequences have a significant impact on the health and life expectancy of homeless and precariously housed individuals. This study analyzed longitudinal data from a community sample and found that pain severity was associated with depressive symptoms, opioid use, and psychosocial functioning. Interventions targeting pain in this population could improve overall well-being and reduce mortality risk.
Review
Neurosciences
Aleksandra Miljevic, Neil W. Bailey, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Sally E. Herring, Paul B. Fitzgerald
Summary: Brain connectivity can be estimated through analysis of EEG data, but there is substantial heterogeneity in the implementation of connectivity methods. Standardization of processing and reporting can improve comparability and synthesizability of EEG connectivity studies. This article discusses factors influencing connectivity estimates and provides recommendations and a checklist for quality assessment.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Trevor A. Hurwitz, Christopher R. Honey, Amir Ali Sepehry
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the most effective and safest standalone ablative procedure for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The results indicated that BAC appears to be the most effective and safest among all ablative targets for TRD. However, the conclusion is limited by the small sample sizes and limited number of published case series.
STEREOTACTIC AND FUNCTIONAL NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Amir A. Sepehry, Izabela Z. Schultz, Douglas A. Cohen, Sarah Greer
Summary: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prevalent condition that has significant implications for society and individuals. Research has shown that MCI is an intermediate clinical stage of Alzheimer's disease and can predict further progression to dementia. Early prevention is currently the most productive focus of research. Comorbid conditions and neuropsychiatric symptoms may complicate the identification of MCI and increase the risk of dementia. Subjective cognitive decline in depression can complicate differential diagnosis. Neuropsychological assessment plays a significant role in evaluating cognitive and psychological changes.
PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURY & LAW
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicholas J. Ainsworth, A. Michelle Avina-Galindo, Randall F. White, Denghuang Zhan, Elizabeth C. Gregory, William G. Honer, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of clozapine, anticonvulsant medication, mood state, and ECT electrode placement on outcomes in TRP. The findings suggest that ECT may be most beneficial in patients receiving clozapine and can improve negative symptoms in depressed TRP patients. Bifrontal electrode placement is effective in TRP.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nicholas J. Ainsworth, Ram Brender, Neta Gotlieb, Haoyu Zhao, Daniel M. Blumberger, Jordan F. Karp, Eric J. Lenze, Ginger E. Nicol, Charles F. Reynolds, Wei Wang, Benoit H. Mulsant
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between lean muscle mass and treatment response in treatment-resistant late-life depression (TR-LLD). It found that older age, higher physical comorbidities, higher depressive symptom severity, and poorer treatment response were associated with lower lean muscle mass. However, lean muscle mass was not significantly associated with depression severity or treatment outcome.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Diana J. Kim, Asaf Honig, Arshia Alimohammadi, Amir A. Sepehry, Lily W. Zhou, Thalia S. Field
Summary: The absence of recanalization is associated with worse functional outcomes, CVT recurrence, and headache. The relationship between recanalization and functional outcomes is modified by sex. Partial recanalization is associated with a higher risk of headache.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vinh Tan, Jerrold Jeyachandra, Ruiyang Ge, Erin W. Dickie, Elizabeth Gregory, Tamara Vanderwal, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Colin Hawco
Summary: This study aimed to explore the effects of low-frequency right rTMS (LFR) on left sgACC connectivity during concurrent TMS-fMRI. The results showed that TMS-fMRI increased left sgACC functional connectivity to other regions in the brain, but this increase was not associated with clinical improvements. Personalized e-fields and region-of-interest analysis did not significantly predict treatment outcomes. The findings suggest that the antidepressant mechanism of LFR to the right DLPFC may be different from high-frequency left rTMS.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Alavi, Adam Mahdi, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Stefan M. Goetz
Summary: This paper presents a closed-loop sequential parameter estimation (SPE) method for measuring the activation dynamics of neurons using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The proposed method can select stimulus parameters, detect responses, and estimate the input-output curve and activated neural target in real time. Simulation results show that the method achieves more accurate estimation compared to traditional methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Correction
Psychology, Clinical
Amir A. A. Sepehry, Izabela Z. Z. Schultz, Douglas A. A. Cohen, Sarah C. C. Greer
PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURY & LAW
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ivan J. J. Torres, Ruiyang Ge, Alexander McGirr, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Sharon Ahn, Jayasree Basivireddy, Nazlin Walji, Sophia Frangou, Raymond W. W. Lam, Lakshmi N. N. Yatham
Summary: This study evaluated whether intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) leads to cognitive improvements and increased hippocampal volumes in bipolar depression. The results showed that although there were no significant improvements in cognitive variables, the active group did exhibit an increase in left hippocampal volume, which was associated with improvements in nonverbal memory. These findings suggest the presence of prefrontal-temporal neuroplasticity that may support cognitive change in future studies of iTBS in bipolar disorder.
DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)