Article
Cell Biology
Longxiu Yang, Yuan Qin, Chongdong Jian
Summary: This study developed a classifier using RNA expression data to accurately distinguish AD patients and healthy individuals, and identified 3 core genes that may be related to the pathogenesis of AD. Analysis revealed that these core genes played a pivotal role in determining AD.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ying-Lan Chen, Fan-Wei Lin, Kai-Tan Cheng, Chi-Hsin Chang, Sheng-Chi Hung, Thomas Efferth, Yet-Ran Chen
Summary: Proteolytic activation of cytokines plays a crucial role in regulating immunity in diverse organisms. This study discovered a caspase-like enzyme, XCP1, that is responsible for the proteolytic release of the immunomodulatory cytokine CAPE9 from PR1 in Arabidopsis. The activity of XCP1 is enhanced by salicylic acid, and it is required for the induction of systemic immunity triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Peng Zhang, Xiaoding Ma, Lina Liu, Chanjuan Mao, Yongkang Hu, Bingxiao Yan, Jia Guo, Xinyu Liu, Jinxia Shi, Gang-Seob Lee, Xiaowu Pan, Yiwen Deng, Zhengguang Zhang, Zhensheng Kang, Yongli Qiao
Summary: In this study, a lesion mimic mutant (LMM) called spl38 was identified in rice, which is essential for plant defense and cell death. The spl38 mutant showed enhanced resistance to rice pathogens and delayed flowering, while overexpression of OsMED16 increased susceptibility. OsMED16 interacts with OsPR3 to negatively regulate cell death and immunity in rice, possibly through the chitin signaling pathway.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yanlong Guan, Lan Ma, Qia Wang, Jinjie Zhao, Shuanghua Wang, Jinsong Wu, Yang Liu, Hang Sun, Jinling Huang
Summary: The moss Physcomitrium patens is essential for understanding plant development and evolution. It contains genes acquired from bacteria, fungi, and viruses, but the functions and significance of these acquired genes are still unclear. This study shows that KP4 genes in mosses were obtained from fungi through multiple horizontal gene transfer events. Knockout mutants of these genes in P. patens showed cell death and growth defects. Experimental evidence suggests that PpKP4-1/2 affects P. patens cell development by regulating cytoplasmic calcium, and that KP4 genes are conserved between P. patens and fungi. This study provides new insights into the role of horizontal gene transfer in land plant development and evolution.
Article
Horticulture
Mohammad Reza Raji, Mahmoud Lotfi, Masoud Tohidfar, Hossein Ramshini, Navazollah Sahebani, Mostafa Aalifar, Mahnaz Baratian, Francesco Mercati, Roberto De Michele, Francesco Carimi
Summary: By introducing three antifungal genes, we achieved polygenic resistance to fungal diseases in melon, which was confirmed by PCR, Southern blot hybridization, and enzyme activity assay, and demonstrated higher resistance in in-vitro and in-vivo bioassay tests.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qingfeng Zhou, Qi Meng, Xiaomin Tan, Wei Ding, Kang Ma, Ziqin Xu, Xuan Huang, Hang Gao
Summary: The study utilized a DIA phosphoproteomics platform to analyze phosphoproteins related to SAR in an Arabidopsis thaliana model, identifying a large number of transcription factors and kinases with altered phosphorylation levels in systemic leaves. This sheds further light on the mechanisms of action of these proteins during SAR.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Simone Caielli, Zurong Wan, Virginia Pascual
Summary: Autoreactive B cells and interferons play important roles in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent studies on genetics and immune monitoring of SLE patients have provided new insights into the underlying mechanisms, including novel gene mutations affecting B cell activation and clearance of interferogenic nucleic acids. Mitochondria have been identified as inducers or amplifiers of SLE through various mechanisms, leading to the release of interferogenic nucleic acids and activation of immune cells. Specific autoantibodies associated with monogenic lupus or triggering interferogenic amplification loops have been discovered. Additionally, atypical B cells and novel T helper cell subsets have been proposed to contribute to the generation of SLE autoantibodies. These findings offer opportunities for improved monitoring and personalized therapy for SLE patients.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kentaro Fujita, Soichiro Asuke, Erika Isono, Ryouhei Yoshihara, Yuichi Uno, Hideyuki Inui
Summary: MLP-PG1, identified in Cucurbita pepo, plays a crucial role in resistance against fungal pathogens through the induction of pathogenesis-related genes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Li, Mingxi Zhou, Shweta Chhajed, Fahong Yu, Sixue Chen, Yanping Zhang, Zhonglin Mou
Summary: Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a plant immune response triggered by mobile signals generated at the primary infection site. One such mobile signal, N-hydroxypipecolic acid, can trigger production of eNAD(P) that activates SAR through the LecRK-VI.2 receptor.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Matthew T. Parker, Katarzyna Knop, Vasiliki Zacharaki, Anna Sherwood, Daniel Tome, Xuhong Yu, Pascal Gp Martin, Jim Beynon, Scott D. Michaels, Geoffrey J. Barton, Gordon G. Simpson
Summary: Genes involved in disease resistance, such as the nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes in plant genomes, play crucial roles but can also have negative impacts. Research shows that the RNA-binding protein FPA controls NLR transcript processing and gene annotation, revealing a co-transcriptional layer of NLR regulation with implications for plant immune responses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Theoni Margaritopoulou, Dimosthenis Kizis, Dimitris Kotopoulis, Ioannis E. Papadakis, Christos Anagnostopoulos, Eirini Baira, Aikaterini Termentzi, Aikaterini-Eleni Vichou, Carlo Leifert, Emilia Markellou
Summary: Analysis of commercially available intermediate resistant courgette varieties showed that they exhibited enhanced defense responses, including increased callose production, upregulation of salicylic acid defense signaling pathway genes, and accumulation of SA and defense metabolites. These varieties also displayed an altered epigenetic landscape in histone marks that affect transcriptional activation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chi Zhang, Jiangnan Xia, Xiujuan Liu, Zexing Li, Tangke Gao, Tian Zhou, Kaiwen Hu
Summary: Cell death-related genes are predictors of prognosis in cancer patients. PANoptosis, a newly discovered form of cell death, has been linked to cancer cell death and antitumor immunity. In this study, a risk prediction model for six regulators of PANoptosis was developed using mRNA gene expression and clinical information from public databases. Six genes were validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The six-gene-based model accurately estimated the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Higher risk group and Cluster 2 were associated with poor prognosis and reduced expression of immune infiltrate molecules and human leukocyte antigen. qRT-PCR confirmed distinct expression of PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) in lung cancer cells. The study also evaluated the relationship between PRGs and somatic mutations, tumor immune dysfunction exclusion, tumor stemness indices, and immune infiltration. The risk signature was utilized for nomogram construction, stratification, prediction of small-molecule drug response, somatic mutations, and chemotherapeutic response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hang Gao, Kang Ma, Guojie Ji, Liying Pan, Ziwei Wang, Mingfang Cui, Qingfeng Zhou
Summary: This study identified glycoproteins related to plant defensive responses to pathogen infection for the first time using a glycoproteomics platform. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these glycoproteins are mainly involved in N-glycan biosynthesis and degradation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, cutin and wax biosynthesis, and plant-pathogen interactions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Ravi Yadav, Srinivas Govindan, Courtney Daczkowski, Andrew Mesecar, Srinivas Chakravarthy, Nicholas Noinaj
Summary: Lactoferrin-binding protein B (LbpB) is a lipoprotein on the surface of Neisseria that plays dual roles in iron acquisition from lactoferrin and protection against cationic antimicrobial peptides. Structures of LbpB from N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae in complex with holo-Lf reveal interactions and preferences, shedding light on how LbpB captures and preserves lactoferrin for iron piracy and antimicrobial defense evasion.
Review
Microbiology
Ziqin Dian, Yi Sun, Guiqian Zhang, Ya Xu, Xin Fan, Xuemei Yang, Qiuwei Pan, Maikel Peppelenbosch, Zhijiang Miao
Summary: Rotaviruses, traditionally considered intestinal pathogens, have been associated with a range of extra-intestinal clinical manifestations including neurological disorders, hepatitis, diabetes, and respiratory illness. However, gaps in understanding the mechanisms of extra-intestinal spread of rotavirus still exist, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Peter Poor, Kashif Nawaz, Ravi Gupta, Farha Ashfaque, M. Iqbal R. Khan
Summary: Studies have shown that ethylene plays a crucial role in plant responses to heat stress, and regulating ethylene can enhance heat tolerance in plants, but excessive ethylene may inhibit plant growth responses.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Liliana Toth, Peter Poor, Attila ordog, Gyorgyi Varadi, Attila Farkas, Csaba Papp, Gabor Bende, Gabor K. Toth, Gabor Rakhely, Florentine Marx, Laszlo Galgoczy
Summary: Plant pathogenic fungi cause significant losses in crop production worldwide. Developing new strategies for plant and crop protection is crucial due to the resistance of these fungi to approved chemical fungicides. A study investigated the potential of using extracellular antifungal proteins (AFPs) and their peptide derivatives (PDs) as combinatorial biofungicides for plant and crop protection. The study found that the combination of AFPs and PDs can effectively inhibit the growth of various fungi and mitigate the symptoms of fungal infection on tomato plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Harmanjit Kaur, Sofi J. Hussain, Gursharan Kaur, Peter Poor, Saud Alamri, Manzer H. Siddiqui, M. Iqbal R. Khan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of salicylic acid (SA) seed priming on salt-stressed chickpea. The results showed that SA seed priming improved growth, nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis, and yield in chickpea under salt stress. SA priming decreased oxidative stress by enhancing the ROS scavenging machinery.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Agnes Galle, Alina Pelsoczi, Daniel Benyo, Anna Podmaniczki, Agnes Szabo-Hever, Peter Poor, Beata Toth, Edit Horvath, Laszlo Erdei, Jolan Csiszar
Summary: Inoculation of wheat spikes with Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum significantly altered the activities of antioxidant/detoxification enzymes in flag leaves approximately two weeks after infection. In silico analysis supported the up-regulation of various GST genes upon Fusarium infection. TaGSTF26 and TaGSTU120 were identified as important stress response genes that may play a role in the systemic defense against Fusarium infection as potential markers for breeders and plant protection in the future.
CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nadeem Iqbal, Zalan Czekus, Cserne Angeli, Tibor Bartok, Peter Poor, Attila Ordog
Summary: This study investigates the role of ethylene in the production and metabolism of reactive oxygen species in tomato leaves and elucidates the phytotoxic effects of FB1 on photosynthetic activity and antioxidant mechanisms. The results show that FB1 exposure leads to ethylene emission and affects photosynthetic parameters, activating photoprotective mechanisms. Ethylene is found to play a role in cell death induction and defense mechanisms under mycotoxin exposure.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Z. Czekus, P. Koprivanacz, A. Kukri, N. Iqbal, A. Ordog, P. Poor
Summary: Flg22 affects the guard cells of tomato plants by causing stomatal closure and a decrease in CO2 assimilation. It also leads to a decrease in sugar content and an increase in hexokinase activity. These are all defense responses of tomato plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nadeem Iqbal, Zalan Czekus, Peter Poor, Attila Ordog
Summary: The study explored the time-dependent effects of FA concentrations on ROS regulation in tomato leaves. Both genotypes showed increased superoxide and H2O2 accumulation under FA exposure, with Nr genotype being more sensitive. Nr also exhibited higher lipid peroxidation and lower antioxidant enzyme activities compared to WT. ET was found to play a regulatory role in activating enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to detoxify excess ROS accumulation.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Nafees A. Khan, Antonio Ferrante, M. Iqbal R. Khan, Peter Poor
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Zalan Czekus, Atina Martics, Boglarka Pollak, Andras Kukri, Irma Tari, Attila Ordog, Peter Poor
Summary: This study investigates the role of the phytohormone ethylene in plant defence responses induced by the bacterial elicitor flg22. The results demonstrate that both local and systemic ethylene production, as well as active ethylene signaling, are essential for the development of rapid defence responses to flg22.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Agnes Galle, Mate Farkas, Alina Pelsoczi, Zalan Czekus, Andras Kukri, Zita Dorner, Attila Oerdoeg, Jolan Csiszar, Krisztina Bela, Peter Poor
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of different glutathione transferases in the response to herbicide treatment and to determine how the antioxidant and detoxification response changes in the presence and absence of light. The results showed that the transcriptional upregulation of GST genes may contribute to the greater and more successful response of wheat to herbicide treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnes Szepesi, Laszlo Bakacsy, Attila Feher, Henrietta Kovacs, Peter Palfi, Peter Poor, Reka Szollosi, Orsolya Kinga Gondor, Tibor Janda, Gabriella Szalai, Christian Lindermayr, Laszlo Szabados, Laura Zsigmond
Summary: Polyamine catabolism mediated by amine oxidases is important for regulating polyamine homeostasis and related mechanisms during salt stress. The effects of L-aminoguanidine (AG), an inhibitor of copper amine oxidases, on tomato roots exposed to short-term salt stress were studied. AG treatment alleviated the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species caused by salt stress, suggesting its possible antioxidant effect.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zalan Czekus, David Milodanovic, Peter Koprivanacz, Krisztina Bela, Maria F. Lopez-Climent, Aurelio Gomez-Cadenas, Peter Poor
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on glutathione metabolism under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. They found that SA levels influenced the expression of UPR marker gene SlBiP and regulated the accumulation of reduced and oxidized glutathione. Additionally, SA also modulated the activities of glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione S-transferases in response to ER stress.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
