Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kosei Nagata, Hironori Hojo, Song Ho Chang, Hiroyuki Okada, Fumiko Yano, Ryota Chijimatsu, Yasunori Omata, Daisuke Mori, Yuma Makii, Manabu Kawata, Taizo Kaneko, Yasuhide Iwanaga, Hideki Nakamoto, Yuji Maenohara, Naohiro Tachibana, Hisatoshi Ishikura, Junya Higuchi, Yuki Taniguchi, Shinsuke Ohba, Ung-il Chung, Sakae Tanaka, Taku Saito
Summary: The transcription factors Runx2 and Runx3 play different roles in the development of osteoarthritis. Runx3 protects articular cartilage by regulating the expression of lubricin and aggrecan, while Runx2 exerts biphasic effects on osteoarthritis development under different conditions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
M. Lauwers, A. Courties, J. Sellam, C. Wen
Summary: This review outlines the involvement of the cholinergic system in joint homeostasis and osteoarthritis, including the role of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, the impact of cholinergic stimulation on chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, and the regulation of subchondral bone homeostasis by the cholinergic system. The potential of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors as disease-modifying drugs for OA is also discussed.
OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lauren A. Boller, Stefanie M. Shiels, David C. Florian, Sun H. Peck, Jonathan G. Schoenecker, Craig Duvall, Joseph C. Wenke, Scott A. Guelcher
Summary: This study explores the effects of nHA dispersed in polymeric scaffolds on bone regeneration, finding that nHA has a dose-dependent impact on osteogenesis and promotes new bone formation in a site-specific manner. The findings provide new insights into designing synthetic bone grafts for complex fracture cases.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abbi Elise Smith, Elin Soley Sigurbjornsdottir, Eirikur Steingrimsson, Sara Sigurbjornsdottir
Summary: Hedgehog signalling plays a crucial role in development, anatomical arrangement, and tissue damage repair. Dysregulation of this pathway is associated with cancer, developmental disorders, and osteoarthritis. The pathway is conserved in most animals, and its activation is transduced through the receptor protein Smoothened and downstream effectors. Studies have shown that cholesterol binding is important for the activation of the pathway. In humans, a mutation in the Smoothened gene has been linked to a higher risk of hip osteoarthritis. Analysis of mouse models and human tissue suggests that hedgehog signalling is pathologically activated in chondrocytes of osteoarthritic cartilage.
Article
Developmental Biology
Sho Tsukamoto, Mai Kuratani, Shinya Tanaka, Eijiro Jimi, Hiromi Oda, Takenobu Katagiri
Summary: Endochondral ossification is important for longitudinal skeletal growth. Osteoblasts, near hypertrophic chondrocytes, contribute to bone formation during this process. Smad4 knockout mice showed increased bone volume due to enhanced osteoblast-mediated bone formation via the Wnt7b-ft-catenin axis. Wnt7b, expressed in differentiated chondrocytes, was suppressed by BMP4 stimulation. Deletion of Wnt7b reduced bone increase in Smad4 knockout mice and inhibited skeletal growth in juveniles, highlighting its role in initiating endochondral ossification.
Article
Cell Biology
Marta Marchini, Mitchell R. Ashkin, Melina Bellini, Margaret Man-Ger Sun, Matthew Lloyd Workentine, Hamza Malik Okuyan, Roman Krawetz, Frank Beier, Campbell Rolian
Summary: The genetic and developmental mechanisms of limb formation are well understood, but how chondrocyte physiology modulates these mechanisms to produce differences in limb bone length is unclear. Through RNA sequencing and cell culture experiments, it was found that NKA plays a key role in chondrocyte differentiation and regulation of bone length, with implications for limb length diversity.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ippokratis Pountos, Michalis Panteli, Gavin Walters, Peter V. Giannoudis
Summary: The study investigated the potential mechanism through which NSAIDs affect chondrogenesis. Results showed that diclofenac sodium inhibits chondrogenic differentiation and downregulates key molecules like TGF-beta 3, leading to a negative impact on bone healing process.
INJURY-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE CARE OF THE INJURED
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marketa Kaucka, Alberto Joven Araus, Marketa Tesarova, Joshua D. Currie, Johan Bostrom, Michaela Kavkova, Julian Petersen, Zeyu Yao, Anass Bouchnita, Andreas Hellander, Tomas Zikmund, Ahmed Elewa, Phillip T. Newton, Ji-Feng Fei, Andrei S. Chagin, Kaj Fried, Elly M. Tanaka, Jozef Kaiser, Andras Simon, Igor Adameyko
Summary: The study analyzes limb development and regeneration in amphibians, and reveals that regeneration is based on cartilage expansion and ossification follows after the final size of regenerating cartilage is reached, leading to bulkier bones. The process of ossification starts from the cortical bone and proceeds inwards in both regenerative and developmental processes, showing the diversity of schemes for the synchrony of cortical and endochondral ossification among vertebrates.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Maya Tokumoto, Tomoyuki Nakasa, Yoshiko Shirakawa, Akinori Nekomoto, Yasunari Ikuta, Masakazu Ishikawa, Shigeru Miyaki, Nobuo Adachi
Summary: This study reveals that the expression and function of Substance P (SP) in ligaments change during osteoarthritis (OA), with SP agonists showing therapeutic potential in preventing ligament degeneration.
CONNECTIVE TISSUE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Fernandez-Iglesias, Rocio Fuente, Helena Gil-Pena, Laura Alonso-Duran, Fernando Santos, Jose Manuel Lopez
Summary: The study investigated the formation of the epiphyseal bone plate using various microscopy techniques and found that the bone tissue is generated through a process different from the usual endochondral ossification. Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix on various surfaces, leading to the establishment of a core of bone sheet and subsequent thickening and reshaping. The processes occur in close relationship with cartilage, providing insight into the complex cellular events underlying bone formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Chaoyue Hong, Yi Tang, Xiu Hu, Xiwen Song, Yun Cai, Zhaohui Song, Feiwu Kang
Summary: HIF-1 alpha expression in chondrocytes is crucial for bone repair during the healing process after mandibular condylar neck osteotomy. Decreased HIF-1 alpha promotes chondrocyte proliferation, but negatively affects the density and thickness of newly formed trabeculae.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Andrea Schwab, Thomas Pap, Veit Krenn, Wolfgang Ruether, Christoph Lohmann, Jessica Bertrand
Summary: Loose bodies exhibit tissue characteristics similar to endochondral ossification, making them a potentially important target for regenerative therapeutic interventions in joint diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenliang Yan, Meng Shen, Kainong Sun, Shiming Li, Jingyuan Miao, Jun Wang, Jiayang Xu, Pengcheng Wen, Qian Zhang
Summary: The major isoquinoline alkaloid constituent NOR, found in a Chinese traditional medicine Radix Linderae, has been discovered to inhibit the healing process of bone fractures. It does so by suppressing cartilage formation and reducing the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells to chondrocytes. These findings suggest that caution should be exercised when using NOR in other treatments, as it may delay fracture union.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jake Littman, Roy K. Aaron
Summary: Notable characteristics of the skeleton include its response to physical stimuli and ability to remodel in different environments. Cells in bones and cartilage can sense physical cues and activate genes to synthesize structural molecules. This review explores the response of a model system of bone formation to an externally applied pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF), focusing on cell differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis. The study emphasizes the dosage and tissue response mechanisms, which can guide the design of clinically optimal stimulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yongjian Chen, Khalid Mehmood, Yung-Fu Chang, Zhaoxin Tang, Ying Li, Hui Zhang
Summary: Disorders of glycosaminoglycan synthesis can lead to skeletal developmental disorders, and understanding the cellular and molecular pathogenesis is crucial for addressing these orthopedic diseases. Glycosaminoglycan regulates chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis by modulating various growth factors and signaling molecules. By studying the molecular mechanisms underlying glycosaminoglycan synthesis, innovative approaches can be proposed for the treatment of orthopedic diseases caused by impaired glycosaminoglycan synthesis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ruud A. W. Veldhuizen, Brandon Baer, Lynda A. McCaig, Lauren A. Solomon, Lisa Cameron, Daniel B. Hardy
Summary: Fetal growth restriction affects the response to pulmonary inflammatory insult, resulting in decreased neutrophil infiltration and increased surfactant production in growth-restricted rats compared to healthy control rats.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alex Nantsios, Thin Xuan Vo, Marc Ruel
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thin X. Vo, David Glineur, Marc Ruel
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Ousseynou Sarr, Katherine E. Mathers, Christina Vanderboor, Kristina Wiggers, Aditya Devgan, Daniel B. Hardy, Lin Zhao, Timothy R. H. Regnault
Summary: The study found that male guinea pigs with intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight had hepatic cholesterol accumulation in later life, while females did not show the same effect. The increased hepatic cholesterol in LBW male guinea pigs, along with the decreased expression of cholesterol metabolism-related proteins, may contribute to hepatic lipotoxicity.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sergio Raez-Villanueva, Amrita Debnath, Daniel B. Hardy, Alison C. Holloway
Summary: This study suggests that upregulation of p66shc through posttranslational histone modifications may underlie the reported adverse outcomes of nicotine exposure on pancreatic function.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Farzad Asadi, Juan Andres Fernandez Andrade, Ryan Gillies, Kendrick Lee, Savita Dhanvantari, Daniel Barry Hardy, Edith Juliana Arany
Summary: Administration of A9-tetrahydrocannabinol to pregnant rats resulted in glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and reduced islet mass in female offspring, with no significant effects observed in male offspring. The study also showed that A9-THC may affect alpha-cell function through its impact on Stmn2 levels.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Annia A. Martinez-Pen, James J. Petrik, Daniel B. Hardy, Alison C. Holloway
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of cannabis, on the expression and secretion of the angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ovary. Results showed that THC exposure increased the secretion of VEGF and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and promoted cell proliferation and survival. These changes may impact essential ovarian processes and potentially affect female reproductive health and fertility. Further research on the impact of cannabis and its constituents on female reproductive health is necessary.
REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Mohammed H. Sarikahya, Samantha Cousineau, Marta De Felice, Kendrick Lee, Karen Kw Wong, Marieka V. DeVuono, Tony Jung, Mar Rodriguez-Ruiz, Tsun Hay Jason Ng, Dana Gummerson, Emma Proud, Daniel B. Hardy, Ken K-C Yeung, Walter Rushlow, Steven R. Laviolette
Summary: Despite increased prevalence of maternal cannabis use, little is understood regarding potential long-term effects of prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) on neurodevelopmental outcomes. This study found that PCE induces behavioral, neuronal, and molecular alterations in the mesolimbic system in male and female offspring, resembling neuropsychiatric endophenotypes. Moreover, PCE resulted in profound dysregulation of critical fatty acid pathways in the developing brain lipidome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byron Chan, Michael Glogauer, Yongqiang Wang, Jeffrey Wrana, Kin Chan, Frank Beier, Supinder Bali, Boris Hinz, Justin Parreno, Sajjad Ashraf, Rita Kandel
Summary: In osteoarthritis, the loss of adseverin protein is associated with changes in articular chondrocyte function and phenotype, leading to increased disease severity. Adseverin deficiency results in reduced expression of F-actin and aggrecan, increased apoptosis, and altered gene expression related to cartilage tissue homeostasis. These findings suggest that adseverin plays a crucial role in maintaining articular chondrocyte phenotype and could be a potential therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.
Article
Oncology
Sijia Mi, Jinhong Zhang, Mengyao Sun, Xinyu Huo, Yaqi Lv, Frank Beier, Shemin Lu, Jidong Yan
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Douglas D. Fraser, Michael R. Miller, Claudio M. Martin, Marat Slessarev, Paul Hahn, Ian Higgins, Christopher Melo, Michael A. Pest, Nate Rothery, Xiaoqin Wang, Johannes Zeidler, Jorge A. Cruz-Aguado
Summary: This study aims to evaluate how antibodies from infected and vaccinated individuals recognize antigens expressed by different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The results show that vaccinated individuals exhibit higher antibody binding than infected individuals, but there is a reduction in antibody binding to some variants compared to the wild type.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annia A. Martinez-Pena, Kendrick Lee, Madison Pereira, Ahmed Ayyash, James J. Petrik, Daniel B. Hardy, Alison C. Holloway
Summary: As cannabis use during pregnancy increases, understanding its effects on the developing fetus becomes important. This study found that gestational THC exposure can impact the miRNA profile in adult rat ovaries and have negative consequences on ovarian health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kendrick Lee, Mohammed H. Sarikahya, Tony Jung, Samantha L. Cousineau, Ken K. -C. Yeung, Steven R. Laviolette, Daniel B. Hardy
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Shelby Louise Oke, Kendrick Lee, Rosie Papp, Patti Kiser, Steven Laviolette, Daniel B. Hardy
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kendrick Lee, Kristian McCarthy, Steven R. Laviolette, Qingping Feng, Daniel B. Hardy
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
