Journal
INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 181, Issue 1, Pages 11-23Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000504847
Keywords
Asthma; Eosinophils; Eosinophil cytolysis; Eosinophil degranulation; Eosinophil extracellular traps; Hypereosinophilic syndromes; Inflammation; Interleukin-5; Major basic protein; M2 macrophages; Mast cells; Targeted therapy
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Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A_173215, 310030_166473]
- European Union [642295]
- NIAID-Division of Intramural Research [Z01-AI000941-16]
- Tobacco Related Disease Research Program [TRDRP556126/2018]
- NIH [2R42AI132012-02]
- Russian Excellence Project 5-100
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Eosinophils and their secretory mediators play an important role in the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory disorders. Although eosinophils are largely evolutionally conserved, their physiologic functions are not well understood. Given the availability of new eosinophil-targeted depletion therapies, there has been a renewed interest in understanding eosinophil biology as these strategies may result in secondary disorders when applied over long periods of time. Recent data suggest that eosinophils are not only involved in immunological effector functions but also carry out tissue protective and immunoregulatory functions that actively contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis. Prolonged eosinophil depletion may therefore result in the development of secondary disorders. Here, we review recent literature pointing to important roles for eosinophils in promoting immune defense, antibody production, activation of adipose tissue, and tissue remodeling and fibrosis. We also reflect on patient data from clinical trials that feature anti-eosinophil therapeutics. (C) 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel
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