Journal
HYDROLOGY RESEARCH
Volume 51, Issue 1, Pages 1-16Publisher
IWA PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.2166/nh.2019.091
Keywords
dam break; debris dam; flash flood; flood management; large woody debris
Categories
Funding
- Water Conservancy Science and Technology Project of Shaanxi Province [2017SLKJ-14]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0402704]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51609199]
- Shaanxi International Science, Technology Foundation of China [2017KW-014]
- Visiting Researcher Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science [2016HLG01]
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This work introduces an unprecedented flash flood that resulted in nine casualties in Shimen Valley, China, 2015. Through field survey and numerical simulation the causes of the disaster are systematically analyzed, finding that the intense storm, terrain features, and the large woody debris (LWD) played important roles. The intense storm induced fast runoff and, in turn, high discharges as a result of the steep catchment surfaces and channels. The flood flushed LWD and boulders downstream until blockage occurred in a contraction section, forming a debris lake. When the debris dam broke, a dam break wave rapidly propagated to the valley mouth, washing people away. After considering the disaster-inducing factors, measures for preventing similar floods are proposed. The analysis presented herein should help others manage flash floods in mountain areas.
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