Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qinjie Lin, Kun Lin Tay, Wenbin Yu, Yichen Zong, Wenming Yang, Laura-Helena Rivellini, Mutian Ma, Alex King Yin Lee
Summary: Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether 3 (PODE3) is a highly promising renewable fuel that shows potential for reducing soot pollution in diesel engines. Adding 20% PODE3 to diesel can reduce particulate matter at all engine loads, but may lead to an increase in particle number concentration.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Panpan Cai, Chunhua Zhang, Zheng Jing, Zhaoyang Chen
Summary: This study focuses on developing a reliable mechanism for the combustion of blended PODE3 and biodiesel, with validation against experimental data. The results demonstrate the positive impact of PODE3 on soot reduction.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuwei Zhao, Ting Li, Tianlin Niu, Wenxiu Zheng, Yijing Xie, E. Weibo
Summary: This study investigates the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled by coal-based diesel fuels and their blends with polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODEn). The results showed that the coal-based diesel blends had slightly lower output torques and powers compared to petroleum diesel fuel. The addition of PODEn improved emission characteristics but reduced the engine power and torque.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weijian Zhou, Song Zhou, Hongyuan Xi, Majed Shreka, Zhao Zhang
Summary: The study reduced the detailed reaction mechanism of PODE3 and GRI-Mech 3.0 using reduced methods, then optimized the simplified PODE3 and methane-hydrogen mechanism, and finally developed the simplified chemical kinetics mechanism of methane-hydrogen-PODE3. Experimental verification showed good agreement between predicted and experimental data.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jingjing He, Hao Chen, Xin Su, Bin Xie, Quanwei Li
Summary: Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) are a newly emerged oxygenated alternative that can greatly reduce soot emissions from diesel engines. In this study, the combustion characteristics of PODE and diesel blends were investigated under various injection timings and pressures using an optical engine. The results showed that increasing the PODE ratio in the blends decreased ignition delay and combustion duration, but also led to a reduction in heat release rate, cylinder pressure and temperature due to the lower heating value of PODE. Moreover, the addition of PODE in diesel significantly reduced both natural flame luminosity and soot formation, with a 20% PODE blend showing the best overall combustion and soot reduction characteristics.
Article
Thermodynamics
Qinjie Lin, Kun Lin Tay, Feiyang Zhao, Wenming Yang
Summary: The study shows that PODE3 can reduce soot emissions, but can also increase the concentration of soot and its precursors during combustion; thus, a compact and reliable PODE3 reaction mechanism is proposed and successfully validated for engine simulations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sven Eckart, Liming Cai, Chris Fritsche, Florian vom Lehn, Heinz Pitsch, Hartmut Krause
Summary: Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OMEn) are a promising synthetic e-fuel class that can improve the emission characteristics of internal combustion engines. This study measured the laminar burning velocities of OME1 and OME2 using a heat flux burner and compared the results with computed data, showing good agreement. The impact of chain length of (OMEn) on their burning velocities was found to be minor.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaoyu Cong, Changwei Ji, Shuofeng Wang
Summary: The study found that blending DME can extend flame development and propagation periods, increase power output of the neat hydrogen engine, and reduce nitrogen oxides emissions. However, blending DME may increase cyclic variation due to weakened flame kernel and propagation process, but emissions can be controlled by adjusting the DME fraction.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhenbin Yang, Chunxiao Ren, Siqi Jiang, Yangyang Xin, Yufeng Hu, Zhichang Liu
Summary: Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODEn) is an emerging biofuel with great potential as a competitive alternative fuel for diesel engines. Reliable methods for calculating/predicting the miscibility of PODEn with diesel and additives, as well as the liquid-liquid equilibrium in PODEn, water, and extractant systems, are crucial for production process design. However, such methods are rarely reported.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hao Chen, Jingjing He, Zhanming Chen, Limin Geng
Summary: This study conducted a comparative study on the combustion characteristics and performances of a dual-fuel engine fueled with different fuels, revealing that using P50/methanol fuel can increase peak cylinder pressure, decrease first peak heat release rate, and reduce ignition delay and combustion duration. Additionally, the NOx emissions and particulate matter produced by the P50/methanol engine were lower than those produced by the diesel/methanol engine for specific MSR and engine load conditions.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maoqi Lu, Zhongguang Fu, Xinkun Yuan, Jiayao Wu, Syed Waqas Sabir
Summary: The study investigated the effects of dimethyl ether (DME) blending ratio and operating pressure on flame behavior, demonstrating that selected models could better reproduce experimental trends. Reaction zone dimensions were linearly and positively correlated with DME blending ratio, while flame entrainment showed a lower DME concentration dependence in high-DME mass systems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qinjie Lin, Kun Lin Tay, Wenbin Yu, Wenming Yang, Zhi Wang
Summary: The study found that the addition of PODE3 can reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, but may increase at high injection pressure; the particle number concentration shows a bimodal distribution at low injection pressure and decreases at medium and high injection pressure; the increase in oxygen content of PODE3 can decrease the geometric mean diameter of particles.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Atmadeep Bhattacharya, Ali Shahanaghi, Ossi Kaario, Ville Vuorinen, Rupali Tripathi, Teemu Sarjovaara
Summary: This study investigates the effects of using renewable oxygenates DMF and DME as alternatives to fossil fuels for gasoline engines, showing that the ignition inhibiting effect of DMF dominates over DME at certain conditions while DME enhances ignition at others. Additionally, DME is found to mitigate additional soot emissions when blended with TPRF, highlighting the potential benefits of using these renewable oxygenates in gasoline engines.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marius Drexler, Philipp Haltenort, Thomas A. Zevaco, Ulrich Arnold, Joerg Sauer
Summary: Oxymethylene ethers (OMEs) are intensively researched, especially those of the CH3O(CH2O)(n)CH3 type. Oxymethylene dialkyl ethers (OMDAEs) have been studied to a lesser extent but exhibit properties similar to conventional diesel fuels. Tools for predicting properties have been developed based on experimental data.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Silvana Arias, John R. Agudelo, Angel Ramos, Magin Lapuerta
Summary: This study investigated the effects of blending 20% of OME (OME20) with diesel fuel on a compression ignition Euro 6 engine. The results showed that OME20 increased the combustion speed, reduced CO and THC emissions, and decreased the particle number. However, it also increased NOx emissions due to the need for higher fueling.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.