Journal
ENERGIES
Volume 12, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/en12203904
Keywords
cooling effect; urban park; thermal comfort; physiological equivalent temperature; perceived thermal comfort; urban heat island; air temperature; sustainable cities; smart cities; urban health; global warming; urban green spaces; sustainable urban development; climate change mitigation and adaptation; urban resilience
Categories
Funding
- project: Support of research and development activities of the J. Selye University in the field of Digital Slovakia and creative industry of the Research & Innovation Operational Programme (ITMS) - European Regional Development Fund [NFP313010T504]
- European Regional Development Fund
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This empirical study investigates large urban park cooling effects on the thermal comfort of occupants in the vicinity of the main central park, located in Madrid, Spain. Data were gathered during hot summer days, using mobile observations and a questionnaire. The results showed that the cooling effect of this urban park of 125 ha area at a distance of 150 m could reduce air temperatures by an average of 0.63 degrees C and 1.28 degrees C for distances of 380 m and 665 meters from the park. Moreover, the degree of the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index at a distance of 150 meters from the park is on average 2 degrees C PET and 2.3 degrees C PET less compared to distances of 380 m and 665 m, respectively. Considering the distance from the park, the correlation between occupant perceived thermal comfort (PTC) and PET is inverse. That is, augmenting the distance from the park increases PET, while the extent of PTC reduces accordingly. The correlation between these two factors at the nearest and furthest distances from the park is meaningful (p-value < 0.05). The results also showed that large-scale urban parks generally play a significant part in creating a cognitive state of high-perceived thermal comfort spaces for residents.
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