Journal
DEVELOPMENT
Volume 146, Issue 22, Pages -Publisher
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.181925
Keywords
Lipid droplet; Delipidation; Oocyte; Embryo; Mouse
Categories
Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI program) [19H03136, 16H05042]
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development [16gk0110015h0001]
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (ERATO program, MIZUSHIMA Intracellular Degradation) [JPMJER1702]
- joint research program of the Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University [18009]
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [19H03136, 16H05042] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Lipid droplets (LDs), which are ubiquitous organelles consisting of a neutral lipid core coated with a phospholipid monolayer, play key roles in the regulation of cellular lipid metabolism. Although it is well known that mammalian oocytes and embryos contain LDs and that the amount of LDs varies among animal species, their physiological functions remain unclear. In this study, we have developed a method based on two-step centrifugation for efficient removal of almost all LDs from mouse MII oocytes (delipidation). We found that delipidated MII oocytes could be fertilized in vitro, and developed normally to the blastocyst stage even when the embryos were cultured in the absence of a fatty acid supply. LDs were newly synthesized and accumulated soon after delipidation, but chemical inhibition of long chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSLs) blocked this process, resulting in severe impairment of early embryonic development. Furthermore, we found that overabundance of LDs is detrimental to early embryonic development. Our findings demonstrate the importance of synthesis and maintenance of LDs, mediated in part by ACSL activity, during preimplantation embryonic development.
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