Article
Thermodynamics
Zhiyuan Hu, Zizhou Wang, Jun Luo, Jiale Fu, Piqiang Tan, Diming Lou
Summary: This paper investigated the exhaust particles of petroleum diesel and waste cooking oil biodiesel using EEPS, XPS and TGA, and found that the transport distance had an effect on the size distribution, graphitized structure, surface functional groups and oxidation activity of the particles.
Article
Thermodynamics
Binyang Wu, Zhi Jia, Zhen guo Li, Guang yi Liu, Xiang lin Zhong
Summary: This study explores the potential of improving exhaust gas temperature in diesel engines through the fuel system and air system, focusing on the impact of intake throttle, exhaust throttle, intercooler cooling control, and VGT-coupled RIVCT on exhaust gas temperature and thermal efficiency. The results suggest that the VGT-RIVCT technology can enhance thermal efficiency and exhaust gas temperature, effectively addressing the trade-off problem in traditional thermal management techniques.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shin Jisoo, Choi Jonghui, Seo Jaeyeob, Sungwook Park
Summary: This study investigates the combustion and emission characteristics of a pre-chamber combustion system for heavy-duty engines using a CFD program. The optimal pre-chamber nozzle design parameters were determined and it was found that the system can improve engine performance by increasing the gross IMEP and reducing THC emissions. However, it also leads to deterioration of NOx and soot emissions.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Inbanaathan Papla Venugopal, Dhinesh Balasubramanian, Amudhan Rajarajan
Summary: The study explored the use of waste cooking oil biodiesel and polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether blends to reduce soot and NOx emissions in CRDI diesel engines without modifications, achieving better fuel efficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karthik Subramani, Muralidharan Karuppusamy
Summary: The experimental work focused on analyzing the performance, combustion, and exhaust emission characteristics of a variable compression ratio (VCR) diesel engine using blended biofuel (B20) with cerium oxide nanoparticles. The addition of nanoparticles showed improvements in fuel efficiency and reduced emissions, particularly in the B20+CERIA45 blend. The nanoparticles aided in better atomization, promoting complete combustion in the chamber and decreasing CO and HC emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sergio Machado Correa, Graciela Arbilla, Cleyton Martins da Silva, Eduardo Monteiro Martins, Simone Lorena Quiterio de Souza
Summary: This study focuses on the emissions of non-criteria pollutants, including PAHs and their nitro-PAHs and alkyl-PAHs, from biofuels and their mixtures. Results show that emissions of all PAHs increase with engine speed, but there is a reduction in total PAHs with an increase in biodiesel content, although this can lead to an increase in nitro-PAHs. High correlations were observed between PAHs and alkyl-PAHs, and between PAHs and nitro-PAHs, suggesting similar formation mechanisms for these compounds.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
M. S. Gad, Mohamed A. Ismail
Summary: Blending waste cooking oil biodiesel with gasoline or kerosene can enhance diesel engine performance parameters, improve combustion characteristics, and reduce emissions.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cavan McCaffery, Hanwei Zhu, C. M. Sabbir Ahmed, Alexa Canchola, Jin Y. Chen, Chengguo Li, Kent C. Johnson, Thomas D. Durbin, Ying-Hsuan Lin, Georgios Karavalakis
Summary: This study investigates the emissions and potential health effects of using hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) and HVO blended with biodiesel as fuels for a legacy off-road diesel engine. The results show that HVO significantly reduces nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions compared to diesel, while biodiesel blends increase NOx emissions. Both pure HVO and biodiesel blends show reductions in particulate matter (PM) and solid particle numbers. Additionally, the use of biofuels decreases oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in PM emissions.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Said M. A. Ibrahim, K. A. Abed, M. S. Gad, H. M. Abu Hashish
Summary: Blending biodiesels to improve their characteristics in cold climates is a straightforward and efficient solution. A study compared emissions and performance of a diesel engine using blends of jatropha and waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesels. The results showed that a 10% volume blend of jatropha and WCO biodiesels performed best, with improved engine performance and lower emissions compared to other biodiesel blends.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART C-JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Muhammad Khristamto Aditya Wardana, Ocktaeck Lim
Summary: This study aims to optimize spray distribution of injectors to improve the quality of NOx conversion in heavy-duty diesel engines. By comparing experimental and simulation results, the study reveals the quantities of ammonia and NOx from two injector models, as well as the temperature results and the distribution of ammonia in the system.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Han Wu, Xinyi Dong, Zhicheng Shi, Haiying Li, Weiren Cao, Lu Zhang, Yaqing Bo, Xiangrong Li
Summary: This study investigates the knock combustion and pollutant emission of heavy-duty diesel engines at low temperatures, focusing on different injection timings. The simulation results reveal that delayed fuel injection effectively alleviates issues such as fuel film adhesion and improves the uniformity and suitability of the premixed mixture. However, high-temperature ignition triggers strong pressure oscillation, exceeding the threshold for destructive knock combustion. Additionally, HC emissions are positively correlated with the amount of fuel film, while CO emissions show the opposite trend with injection timing. NOx emissions increase with advanced injection timing, while soot emissions decrease due to leaner mixture concentration and accelerated oxidation rate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
M. S. Gad, Bahaa M. Kamel, Irfan Anjum Badruddin
Summary: The study improved diesel engine performance and emissions by adding carbon nanotubes and graphene nano sheets to biodiesel, achieving significant reductions in CO2 emissions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhiqing Zhang, Rui Dong, Dongli Tan, Lin Duan, Feng Jiang, Xiaoxue Yao, Dixin Yang, Jingyi Hu, Jian Zhang, Weihuang Zhong, Ziheng Zhao
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of diesel particulate filter (DPF) was used to investigate the influence of key structural factors on capture performance. The results show that reducing wall thickness and increasing filter diameter, filter length, and cell density per square inch (CPSI) can lead to a reduction in pressure drop and an improvement in filtration efficiency of DPF. Furthermore, the results of grey correlation analysis suggest that wall thickness is the most significant structural factor in DPF design. This work provides important reference for optimizing DPF capture performance and extending its working time.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuwei Zhao, Cong Geng, E. Weibo, Xiaoquan Li, Peiyuan Cheng, Tianlin Niu
Summary: The study found that blending diesel fuel with PODEn can optimize the combustion process of diesel engines, improve thermal efficiency, and reduce emissions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jan Jencik, Vladimir Honig, Michal Obergruber, Jiri Hajek, Ales Vrablik, Radek Cerny, Dominik Schlehofer, Tomas Herink
Summary: This paper evaluates the fuel properties of Fischer-Tropsch diesel blends with conventional diesel, finding that the blended fuel performs better than conventional fuel in some parameters and meets current standards, ensuring repeatability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ming-Huang Wang, Chiu-Wen Chen, Chih-Feng Chen, Lin-Chi Wang, Ta-Kang Liu, Cheng-Di Dong
Summary: This study investigated the concentrations and distribution of 16 US EPA polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, and industrial water treatment plant sludge in Taiwan. The results revealed the presence of these compounds, with 2-4 ring PAHs being the predominant compounds. The study also assessed the contributions from different sources and evaluated the toxicity levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
P. W. Barnes, T. M. Robson, P. J. Neale, C. E. Williamson, R. G. Zepp, S. Madronich, S. R. Wilson, A. L. Andrady, A. M. Heikkila, G. H. Bernhard, A. F. Bais, R. E. Neale, J. F. Bornman, M. A. K. Jansen, A. R. Klekociuk, J. Martinez-Abaigar, S. A. Robinson, Q-W Wang, A. T. Banaszak, D-P Haeder, S. Hylander, K. C. Rose, S-A Wangberg, B. Foereid, W-C Hou, R. Ossola, N. D. Paul, J. E. Ukpebor, M. P. S. Andersen, J. Longstreth, T. Schikowski, K. R. Solomon, B. Sulzberger, L. S. Bruckman, K. K. Pandey, C. C. White, L. Zhu, M. Zhu, P. J. Aucamp, J. B. Liley, R. L. McKenzie, M. Berwick, S. N. Byrne, L. M. Hollestein, R. M. Lucas, C. M. Olsen, L. E. Rhodes, S. Yazar, A. R. Young
Summary: The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel under the Montreal Protocol evaluates the environmental and health impacts of changes in the stratospheric ozone layer and UV radiation. The panel also discusses the interlinking effects between climate change and ozone depletion, and how they affect air quality, ecosystems, human health, and materials. The assessment highlights the potential impacts of extreme climate events on the biosphere and emphasizes the benefits of controlling the production of substances contributing to ozone depletion and climate change.
PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ying-Fang Wang, Yu-Chieh Kuo, Lin-Chi Wang
Summary: This study assessed the metal fume exposure of welders in a shipyard using NF/FF mathematical model and BDA technique. Results showed a statistically significant correlation between predicted exposure concentrations and field worker's exposure concentrations, with Fe, Mn, and Pb exposures likely to exceed action levels, indicating immediate preventive measures should be taken.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hsi-Hsien Yang, Nicholas Kiprotich Cheruiyot, Chitsan Lin, Lin-Chi Wang
Summary: Unlike studies on chlorinated organic pollutants, there have been few investigations on the emissions of brominated organic pollutants from the start-up processes of waste incinerators. This study found that the start-up processes can contribute to a significant proportion of the annual emissions of PBDD/F, PBB, and PBDE. It also revealed that cleaning accumulated ash and reducing the residence time of flue gas are effective strategies for controlling the emissions of brominated organic pollutants.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Li-Hao Young, Chau-Wei Lai, Jau-Huai Lu, Hsi-Hsien Yang, Lin-Chi Wang, Yu-Han Chen
Summary: This study examines the effects of diesel-gas co-fuels, engine loads, and aftertreatment on emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine. The results show that the gas fuels increase hydrocarbon emissions, decrease opacity, and increase emissions of both volatile and nonvolatile nanoparticles. Special attention should be given to the addition of H-2 under high load, as it causes significant increases in volatile nanoparticles. The nonvolatile nanoparticles can be effectively removed by the aftertreatment.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Narayan Babu Dhital, Lin-Chi Wang, Hsi-Hsien Yang, Nicholas Kiprotich Cheruiyot, Che-Hsuan Lee
Summary: This study measured the real-world emission factors of PM, PAHs, and gaseous air pollutants for different diesel-fueled non-road construction machines in Taiwan, providing valuable data for future source apportionment studies. The results showed higher emissions of total hydrocarbons and nitric oxide, while high-molecular weight PAHs had a significant impact on Benzo[a]pyrene equivalent toxicity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sheng-Lun Lin, Hongjie Zhang, Lin-Chi Wang, Yen-Yi Lee, Chien-Er Huang
Summary: This study focuses on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions from two different fuel-injection types of motorcycles and investigates the effects of engine and emission control conditions on the emissions. The results show that throttle opening, secondary air system, oxygen sensor, oxidation catalytic converter, and three-way catalytic converter have significant influences on PAH emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chen -Wei Liu, Wei-Jiun Hong, Bo-Tai Yang, Chi-Wen Lin, Lin-Chi Wang, Chun-Chi Chen
Summary: This study presents a novel recycling method for carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) using a mixture of deep eutectic solvents and metal salt catalysts. The method allows for the effective recovery of both carbon fibers and epoxy resin from CFRPs, with the recovered carbon fibers retaining a high strength.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rachelle D. Arcega, Rong-Jane Chen, Pei-Shan Chih, Yi-Hsuan Huang, Wei-Hsiang Chang, Ting-Khai Kong, Ching-Chang Lee, Trias Mahmudiono, Chun-Chih Tsui, Wen-Che Hou, Hsin-Ta Hsueh, Hsiu-Ling Chen
Summary: In this study, a combination of chemical analysis, cell-based high throughput screening, and ToxPi computational toxicology tool was used to identify and rank the priority groundwater sites in a contaminated petrochemical district. By integrating the bioactivity data of the groundwater samples with the pollutant information, an evidence-based ranking for future remediation was established using ToxPi analysis. The presented approach can be further refined by including relevant parameters to enhance its utility for groundwater screening and future remediation.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wentao Zhang, Mouyi Weng, Mingzheng Zhang, Yaokun Ye, Zhefeng Chen, Simo Li, Shunning Li, Feng Pan, Lin-wang Wang
Summary: This study simulates the morphology evolution of dendrites in an electrolyte environment using a machine learning force field model and a self-consistent continuum solvation model. It suggests that reducing the surface and grain boundary energy can stabilize the dendrite morphology. Furthermore, the formation of multiple domains can also increase the stability of dendrites.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chih-Chung Lin, John Karl Exiomo Macrohon, Peter Brimblecombe, Latonia Nur Adyanis, Chi-Fu Yeh, Chin-Hsing Lai, Lin-Chi Wang
Summary: This study found significantly higher concentrations of total mercury in the dry season compared to the wet season in urban and industrial areas in Taiwan. Total gaseous mercury was the main component in the air, accounting for over 90% of the total mercury. Extreme mercury concentrations were observed near cement works and iron-steel plants, indicating their strong contribution to ambient air mercury concentrations.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
P. W. Barnes, T. M. Robson, R. G. Zepp, J. F. Bornman, M. A. K. Jansen, R. Ossola, Q. -W. Wang, S. A. Robinson, B. Foereid, A. R. Klekociuk, J. Martinez-Abaigar, W. -C. Hou, R. Mackenzie, N. D. Paul
Summary: In this Quadrennial Assessment, the interactive effects of changes in stratospheric ozone, UV radiation, and climate on terrestrial ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles were examined. The assessment highlights the importance of protecting the ozone layer through the Montreal Protocol in maintaining healthy and diverse terrestrial ecosystems. It also emphasizes the role of UV radiation and climate in altering the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems.
PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aulia Nur Mustaqiman, John Paul Santos, Chen-Yu Lin, Fefi Eka Wardiani, Lin-Chi Wang
Summary: Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and particle oxidation catalyst (POC) can effectively reduce pollutant emissions from diesel engine exhaust without losing power. The filtration efficiency of POC is lower than that of diesel particulate filter (DPF), but it still meets the relevant standards. However, there are limitations in reducing polycyclic aromatic hydro-carbons (PAHs) removal efficiency with POC.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jung Yang, Wen-Che Hou
Summary: This study investigated the uptake and depuration processes of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver ions (Ag+) by zebrafish. It was found that AgNPs were partially transformed into dissolved Ag, while Ag+ was converted to Ag2S and zerovalent AgNPs. Both particulate and dissolved Ag were involved in the uptake and depuration of Ag by zebrafish, explaining the similar toxicokinetic profiles observed for AgNP and Ag+ exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bo-Kai Wang, David K. Wang, Wen-Che Hou
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the photocatalysis of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) modified with carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs). The results showed that the type and loading amount of the CBNs had a significant impact on the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4. The findings highlight the importance of CBNs in achieving highly reactive g-C3N4 photocatalysts.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO
(2022)
