Article
Construction & Building Technology
Junke Wang, Yilin Jiang, Choon Yik Tang, Li Song
Summary: This paper analyzes the optimal precooling performance in residential buildings using MPC with two different comfort indices, temperature and PMV. The resulting MPC strategies are found to be adaptive and their performances depend primarily on weather, home thermal condition, and prediction horizon. The PMV-based strategy demonstrates cost savings of 8-45%.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sheng Zhang, Zhang Lin
Summary: This study modifies the PMV by using skin wettedness from the standard effective temperature model, improving thermal sensation prediction accuracy and robustness.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Izhar, Xiaoyi Wang, Wei Xu, Hadi Tavakkoli, Zhikun Yuen, Xiaofang Shan, Yi-Kuen Lee
Summary: This article presents a HTCS system based on MEMS sensors with improved accuracy compared to traditional systems, utilizing novel technology and algorithms. Experimental results show promising potential for integration into smart HVAC systems in the era of the Internet of Things.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sheng Zhang, Zhang Lin
Summary: This study improves thermal sensation prediction accuracy by modifying the ePMV to reinforce thermal adaptations around thermal neutrality, reducing deviation around thermal neutrality for different types of buildings under various climate conditions globally. The modified ePMV, with explicit formulation, is found to enhance thermal comfort predictions effectively, particularly around thermal neutrality with significant improvements in thermal sensation prediction.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Weilan Wu, Zhaosong Fang, Xiangfei Ji, Zhimin Zheng
Summary: This study conducted on-site measurements and questionnaire surveys to investigate the air-conditioning environment in obstetric clinics during summer and pregnant women's perception of hot and humid environments in six hospitals in Guangzhou, China. Three different metabolic rate values were obtained using different methods, and models were established to estimate thermal neutral values for pregnant women. A simplified model was derived to describe the relationship between PMV and relative humidity, mean radiant temperature, wind speed, and air temperature for pregnant women.
INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Celestino Rodrigues Ruivo, Manuel Gameiro da Silva, Evandro Eduardo Broday
Summary: This study predicted the indoor air state associated with neutral thermal comfort conditions for individuals at different atmospheric pressures, and investigated the dependencies of PMV index on activity level, clothing insulation, relative humidity, and air velocity. Results suggest that the impact of environmental pressure on thermal comfort index should be considered when sizing an air-conditioning system.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaosai Duan, Suihuai Yu, Jianjie Chu, Dengkai Chen, Yanhao Chen
Summary: The study developed a coupled heat-transfer model and performed large eddy simulations to verify the influence of inertia and buoyancy on inhomogeneous thermal environments. An artificial neural network model was designed to predict the nonlinear relationships between thermal parameters and predicted mean vote values. The optimized ANN-GA neural network model showed high prediction accuracy for thermal comfort evaluation.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hamza Zahid, Oussama Elmansoury, Reda Yaagoubi
Summary: This paper introduces an optimization approach called 'DynamicPMV' that combines BIM and IoT sensors to optimize indoor thermal comfort in buildings. By integrating real-time environmental data monitoring and BIM modeling, it allows for 3D visualization of thermal comfort and calculation of the optimal temperature.
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Muna Salameh, Emad Mushtaha, Ayat El Khazindar
Summary: Several studies have shown that traditional architecture is known for its sustainable capability to manage climate effects, while contemporary architecture focuses more on style rather than sustainability. Using ENVI-met software, this study aims to improve thermal performance and comfort in modern urban districts with reference to traditional districts in the UAE. Comparative and qualitative investigations were conducted to explore the thermal performance of the old and new districts on specific days. The results of the simulation indicated a reduction in the maximum outdoor temperature of approximately 1 degree Celsius in the traditional area compared to the contemporary districts. The study also integrated traditional passive design concepts, such as grass and green shading devices, into the modern district to lower its outdoor temperature. This study allows architects and urban designers to benefit from the concepts of vernacular urban design and incorporate them into the modern urban fabric.
AIN SHAMS ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alexandre Soares dos Reis, Petra Vaquero, Marta Ferreira Dias, Alice Tavares
Summary: Portugal's low heating energy consumption is attributed to a certain tolerance to discomfort. In addition to energy, it is important to consider other renovation benefits related to health and comfort. Simulation and analysis show that reducing insulation thickness in winter does not significantly affect occupants' discomfort, and IDP can be an alternative method to assess thermal discomfort in dwellings.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Rico Berner, Thilo Gross, Christian Kuehn, Juergen Kurths, Serhiy Yanchuk
Summary: Understanding the relationship between the function and structural organization of a network is a fundamental challenge. Adaptive dynamical networks, which can change their connectivity depending on their dynamical state, play a crucial role in various fields such as neuronal synaptic plasticity, chemical systems, epidemic systems, biological systems, transport systems, and social systems. This review provides a comprehensive description of adaptive dynamical networks, their applications, dynamical features, and mathematical methods developed for their understanding.
PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jinxin Huang, Shangyan Wu, Ting Yuan, Dachuan Shi, Yafeng Gao
Summary: The study found a linear relationship between the equivalent metabolic rate (EMT) and indoor air temperature (Ta), with a negative correlation in winter and summer and almost no correlation in autumn when the temperature is below 22 degrees Celsius. This provides fundamental knowledge for revising the standard table of metabolic rate.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Kangkang Huang, Shihua Lu, Xinjun Li, Ke Feng, Weiwei Chen, Yi Xia
Summary: The aim of this research is to establish a prediction model for the thermal comfort of the subway car's internal environment and find the optimal input combination for the predicted mean vote (PMV) index. Data-driven modeling was conducted using data from experiments and questionnaires in Nanjing Metro. Four models, including support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and logistic regression (LR), were built and the most appropriate input variables were selected for each model. The results show that the RF model performs the best in predicting the PMV of the subway car environment, with variables such as clothing temperature (CT), convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC), black bulb temperature (BBT), and thermal resistance of clothes (TROC) being important factors.
BIG DATA MINING AND ANALYTICS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shurui Yan, Nianxiong Liu, Weitao Wang, Shuyan Han, Jingyu Zhang
Summary: The research proposed an adaptive thermal discomfort evaluation model called Air-conditioner based Adaptive Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (aaPPD). By collecting indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity data, extracting resident air-conditioner-turning-on behaviors, and building a nonlinear model, the research simplified variables for easy calculation parameters, aiming to adapt better to the early architectural design stage.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Tejna Khosla, Om Prakash Verma
Summary: The Bacterial foraging algorithm-firefly algorithm (BFA-FA) is a novel hybrid algorithm that improves the optimization performance in complex landscapes. It provides accurate solutions, avoids local optima, and works well on multimodal and multidimensional landscapes. The proposed algorithm shows statistically significant difference among other algorithms and demonstrates its robustness and applicability on engineering problems.
MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xue Tian, Zhang Lin
Summary: Stratified micro-environments offer different air distribution stratifications for individual thermal preferences and energy efficiency. Accurate prediction of thermal comfort in these environments is essential for efficient control.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sheng Zhang, Xia Zhang, Dun Niu, Zhaosong Fang, Han Chang, Zhang Lin
Summary: Outdoor thermal comfort models play an important role in guiding urban design and outdoor space usage, taking into account both the heat balance of the human body and thermal adaptations. This study proposes adaptive-rational models that combine physiological equivalent temperature (PET) and universal thermal climate index (UTCI) to improve accuracy and robustness. The results show that the PET-based adaptive-rational models and the UTCI-based adaptive-rational models with adaptive and extension methods significantly improve accuracy and robustness by up to 83% and 87% respectively. These adaptive-rational models contribute to the development of livable urban environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sheng Zhang, Dun Niu, Zhang Lin
Summary: This study evaluates the effectiveness of two occupancy-aided ventilation methods, namely the continuously reduced occupancy method and the intermittently reduced occupancy method. The results show that the intermittently reduced occupancy method outperforms the continuously reduced occupancy method in improving both working productivity and airborne infection risk control performance.
BUILDING SIMULATION
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yalin Lu, Jian Liu, Zhang Lin
Summary: Non-uniform air distribution leads to contaminant accumulation and high exposure risk. This study proposes dynamic stratum ventilation with variable supply air direction. Different supply modes of stratum ventilation have different effects on airflow and contaminant distribution.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sheng Zhang, Fanghui Cheng, Xia Zhang, Zhang Lin, Yong Cheng
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the cooling effect of air movement of stratum ventilation under heating mode. It quantifies the cooling effect of air movement under heating mode and determines the thermal comfort zone. The results contribute to improving the heating performances of advanced air distribution.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Fanghui Cheng, Yunhao Li, Yuxin Wu, Yong Cheng, Zhang Lin
Summary: Deflection ventilation utilizes a specially designed deflector to direct supply air into the occupied zone. Previous studies have shown good indoor air quality, but there is a lack of research on thermal comfort. This study conducted experiments in an office-layout chamber to evaluate the heating performances of deflection ventilation. The results indicated that the deflection angle played a crucial role in air distribution, and deflection ventilation provided better thermal comfort and energy efficiency compared to mixing ventilation.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Longxia Ma, Fenghao Wang, Zeyuan Wang, Zhihua Wang, Sheng Zhang, Yongjun Sun
Summary: This study proposed a novel air source heat pump system with coupled liquid-storage and gas separator to prevent frost on the heat pump. The proposed system delayed frosting by 30 minutes and shortened defrosting time by 72 seconds compared to the original system.
Article
Thermodynamics
Fanghui Cheng, Yong Cheng, Zhang Lin
Summary: This study conducted a subjective assessment on the draft risk of stratum ventilation and its influencing factors. The results showed that room air temperature had a more significant effect on the subjective responses to air movement compared with supply airflow rate. Room air temperature of 26 degrees C and above could significantly decrease draft risk.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sheng Zhang, Zhang Lin
Summary: Relative humidity is an important factor for thermal comfort. However, the current ventilation performance index, Effective Draft Temperature (EDT), does not consider the influence of relative humidity. This study proposes a new index, Effective Moisture Temperature (EMT), which takes into account the effects of air temperature and relative humidity on thermal comfort. The accuracy of EMT is significantly higher compared to EDT, especially under low air movement conditions. The study also introduces Effective Draft and Moisture Temperature (EDMT) for elevated air movement, further improving the accuracy of thermal comfort analysis.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dun Niu, Sheng Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a novel demand-controlled ventilation method called segmented intermittent demand-controlled ventilation, which adjusts the outdoor air supply for energy efficiency and indoor air quality in constant-air-volume ventilation systems. The method reduces outdoor air supply intermittently to save energy while maintaining indoor air quality, and adjusts the outdoor air supply based on outdoor weather conditions for energy savings. Testing in different climate zones showed significant energy savings compared to conventional methods.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sheng Zhang, Jun Liu, Xia Zhang, Dun Niu, Fenghao Wang, Jiale Chai, Yalin Lu, Yongjun Sun, Zhang Lin
Summary: This study proposes that climate change positively affects the heating extraction attenuation of the MDBHE-HP, leading to improved long-term building heating performance. In case studies, climate change reduced heating energy consumption and the unmet level of building heating load, emphasizing the importance of considering climate change in promoting the practical applications of MDBHE-HP.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sheng Zhang, Dun Niu, Doosam Song, Yongjun Sun, Chao Huan, Zhang Lin
Summary: The study introduces a new type of parasol called the fanned parasol, which consists of a small fan and a portable parasol. The fanned parasol is affordable, convenient, and effective in mitigating outdoor heat stress. Compared with the ordinary parasol, the fanned parasol enhances the cooling effect through both direct and indirect fan cooling effects.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Parth Bansal, Steven Jige Quan
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between urban form and canopy layer urban heat island (CUHI) using a relatively large sample of microclimate sensors in Seoul, Korea. The study compares different statistical models and finds that the spatially explicit gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model has the highest accuracy. The study also shows that the effect of urban form on CUHI varies at different time instances during the day. These findings provide valuable insights for planners to understand the complexity of urban climate and reduce CUHI magnitude.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Salah Almazmumi, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: Windcatchers provide effective low-energy ventilation and summer passive cooling in temperate climates. However, their use in winter is limited due to significant ventilation heat loss and potential discomfort. This study evaluates the applicability of windcatchers in low-temperature conditions, highlighting the need for control strategies to reduce over-ventilation and the integration of heat recovery or thermal storage to enhance winter thermal conditions.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Behrouz Nourozi, Aneta Wierzbicka, Runming Yao, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This article presents a systematic review of ventilation solutions in hospital wards, aiming to enhance pathogen removal performance while maintaining patient and healthcare staff comfort using air-cleaning techniques. The study reveals the importance of proper ventilation systems in reducing infection risk and adverse effects of cross-contamination.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhen Yang, Weirong Zhang, Hongkai Liu, Weijia Zhang, Mingyuan Qin
Summary: The study examines the influence of personalized local heating on the thermal comfort of occupants in old residential buildings. The findings reveal that personalized local heating can increase the overall thermal sensation of occupants, but only a few methods are effective in enhancing thermal comfort. The chosen heating methods and background temperature affect the participants' selection of heating parts.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hong Cheng, Dan Norback, Huilin Zhang, Liu Yang, Baizhan Li, Yinping Zhang, Zhuohui Zhao, Qihong Deng, Chen Huang, Xu Yang, Chan Lu, Hua Qian, Tingting Wang, Ling Zhang, Wei Yu, Juan Wang, Xin Zhang
Summary: The home environment and sick building syndrome (SBS) symptoms in five southern Chinese cities have been studied over time. The study found a decrease in asthma prevalence and an increase in allergic rhinitis. Cockroaches, rats, mice, mosquitoes or flies were identified as consistent biological risk factors for SBS symptoms, while redecoration, buying new furniture, and traffic air pollution were identified as other risk factors.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chaojie Xing, Zhengtao Ai, Zhiwei Liu, Cheuk Ming Mak, Hai Ming Wong
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the emission characteristics of droplets around the mouth during dental treatments. The results showed that the peak mass fraction of droplets occurs within the size range of 20 μm to 100 μm, and droplets with a diameter less than 200 μm account for over 80% of the mass fraction. The dominant emission direction of droplets is towards the dummy's head and chest, forming an approximately cone shape.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhijian Liu, Zhe Han, Lina Hu, Chenxing Hu, Rui Rong
Summary: This study compared the effects of different respiratory behaviors on the distribution of aerosols in a ward and the risk of infection for healthcare workers using numerical simulation. It was found that talking in the ward significantly increased aerosol concentrations, particularly short periods of talking. Wards designed with side-supply ventilation had lower overall infection risk. Talking alternately between healthcare workers and patients slightly extended the impact time of aerosols.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Yan, Mengyuan Kang, Haodong Zhang, Zhiwei Lian, Xiaojun Fan, Chandra Sekhar, Pawel Wargocki, Li Lan
Summary: In a high-density city, opening windows for sleep may lead to increased indoor temperature, higher PM2.5 concentration, and noise disturbance, which can negatively impact sleep quality.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yan Bai, Liang Liu, Kai Liu, Shuai Yu, Yifan Shen, Di Sun
Summary: This study developed a non-intrusive personal thermal comfort model using machine learning techniques combined with infrared facial recognition. The results showed that the ensemble learning models perform better than traditional models, and the broad learning model has a higher prediction precision with lower computational complexity and faster training speed compared to deep neural networks. The findings provide a reference for optimizing building thermal environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yue Lei, Zeynep Duygu Tekler, Sicheng Zhan, Clayton Miller, Adrian Chong
Summary: Mixed-mode ventilation is a promising solution for achieving energy-efficient and comfortable indoor environments. This study found that occupants can thermally adapt when switching between natural ventilation (NV) and air-conditioning (AC) modes within the same day, with the adaptation process stabilizing between 35 to 45 minutes after the mode switch. These findings are important for optimizing thermal comfort in mixed-mode controls, considering the dynamic nature of thermal adaptation.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nan Mo, Jie Han, Yingde Yin, Yelin Zhang
Summary: This study develops a method based on the LCZ framework for a comprehensive evaluation of urban-scale heat island effects, considering the impact of geographic factors on LST. The results show that Guilin's geomorphological conditions lead to abnormal heat island effects during winter, and the cooling effects of mountains and water bodies vary seasonally in different built areas, with LCZ 2 exhibiting the strongest cooling effect.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tunga Salthammer
Summary: Monitoring the potential formaldehyde emission of wood-based materials through test chamber investigations has significantly contributed to reducing indoor formaldehyde concentrations. However, the different methodologies used in these procedures prevent direct result comparison. Empirical models for converting formaldehyde steady-state concentrations based on temperature, humidity, air change rate, and loading were developed in the 1970s and have been modified to accommodate the development of lower-emitting materials. Formaldehyde emissions from wood-based materials are complex and require nonlinear regression tools for mathematical analysis.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Katarina Stebelova, Katarina Kovacova, Zuzana Dzirbikova, Peter Hanuliak, Tomas Bacigal, Peter Hartman, Andrea Vargova, Jozef Hraska
Summary: This study investigated the impact of reduced short-wavelength light on the hormone melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (u-sMEL) and examined the association between previous day's light exposure and u-sMEL. It was found that reducing short-wavelength light during the day did not change the concentration of u-sMEL. Personal photopic illuminance was positively correlated with u-sMEL in the reference week. The illuminance had a significant impact on u-sMEL, as shown by the evaluation of the mean of all three urine samples. However, this correlation was not found in the experimental week.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruoxin Xiong, Ying Shi, Haoming Jing, Wei Liang, Yorie Nakahira, Pingbo Tang
Summary: This study proposes a data-model integration method to identify and calibrate uncertainties in machine learning models, leading to improved thermal perception predictions. The method utilizes the Multidimensional Association Rule Mining algorithm to identify biased human responses and enhances prediction accuracy and reliability. The study also evaluates different calibration techniques and discovers their potential in enhancing prediction reliability.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Beichao Hu, Zeda Yin, Abderrachid Hamrani, Arturo Leon, Dwayne McDaniel
Summary: This paper introduces an innovative super-resolution approach to model the air flow and temperature field in the cold aisle of a data center. The proposed method reconstructs a high-fidelity flow field by using a low-fidelity flow field, significantly reducing the computational time and enabling real-time prediction.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
