Article
Engineering, Chemical
Carmen Branca, Colomba Di Blasi
Summary: Fixed-bed pyrolysis of torrefied spruce wood at 800K showed char yields between 27-57 wt% (compared to 23 wt% for untreated wood), depending on pre-treatment temperatures and holding times. The thermogravimetric analysis revealed a low-temperature zone of slow rates followed by a high-rate zone with a well-defined peak. The torrefaction severity increased the temperature range of oxidative devolatilization and slowed down the oxidation rates, accompanied by changes in activation energies.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alok Dhaundiyal, Suraj B. Singh, Divine Atsu, Laszlo Toth
Summary: This study focuses on the thermochemical evaluation of pre-treated Central European pine species, revealing that the processed fuel is more efficient and higher heating rates are economically more feasible. During the torrefaction process, the fraction of acid-insoluble lignin increases while cellulose and hemicellulose components of pine needles decrease.
Article
Thermodynamics
Qing He, Abdul Raheem, Lu Ding, Jianliang Xu, Chen Cheng, Guangsuo Yu
Summary: This study found that wet torrefaction had a greater impact on softwood biochar than hardwood biochar, with the critical wet torrefaction temperature determining changes in reactivity and kinetic parameters. Wet torrefaction affected both the inorganic and organic components in biochar, leading to the removal of certain components in both types of biochar.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Fernanda Cristina Rezende Lopes, Katia Tannous, Edivan de Barros Carmazini
Summary: This study investigated the effect of mild torrefaction on the pyrolysis kinetics of coconut fiber. The results showed an increase in heating values and a variation in activation energy after torrefaction. The kinetic parameters remained constant at different heating rates, providing reliable information for modeling the pyrolysis process.
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Elena Butnaru, Elena Stoleru, Mihai Brebu
Summary: Thermal treatments are widely used for biomass valorization. This study investigated the thermal degradation of silver fir bark by torrefaction and pyrolysis. The results showed that the severity of the thermal treatment had a significant impact on the compositional and structural changes of the material and the properties of the final products.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jaqueline de Oliveira Brotto, Julia da Silveira Salla, Jean Constantino Gomes da Silva, Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon, Humberto Jorge Jose, Suelen Maria de Amorim, Regina de Fatima Peralta Muniz Moreira
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal behavior of Pinus wood pellets during torrefaction under different operational conditions and evaluate the potential application of the torrefied product in metallurgical processes. The experimental results showed that high torrefaction temperature and residence time decreased the mass yield. The best torrefaction conditions for biomass with potential application in metallurgical processes were in an inert atmosphere, at 290 degrees C and a residence time of 15 min.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anene Oguaka, Natalia Flores Quiroz, Richard Walls
Summary: This study analyzed the pyrolysis process of African food grains and determined the pyrolysis parameters. The study found that oil grains are more reactive than non-oil grains and have implications for fire safety in food processing facilities.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maja Ivanovski, Danijela Urbancl, Aleksandra Petrovic, Janja Stergar, Darko Goricanec, Marjana Simonic
Summary: This study focused on improving the fuel properties of locally available biomasses through the torrefaction process. The results showed that increasing torrefaction temperature and duration led to decreased mass and energy yields, and increased heating values. The optimum torrefaction conditions were determined for pure miscanthus and hops, but could not be confirmed for sewage sludge. Furthermore, the combination of sewage sludge and lignocellulosic biomass exhibited better fuel properties than sewage sludge alone.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Anil Tevfik Kocer, Azime Erarslan, Didem Ozcimen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the pyrolytic behavior of Aloe vera leaf waste, determine the pyrolysis kinetic parameters and characterize the biochar obtained. The results showed that the pyrolysis of Aloe vera waste occurred in three stages, with approximately 65% of the mass removed. Based on the kinetic and characterization results, it was found that Aloe vera leaf wastes are a suitable source for biochar production and the obtained biochar can be used in various applications such as adsorption, agriculture and combustion.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Cosmin Marculescu, Raluca Nicoleta Tirtea, Lavrent Khachatryan, Dorin Boldor
Summary: Through high-temperature gasification experiments, it was found that different components produced the highest H2 concentration in the lignocellulosics fraction, while less H2 was generated in the plastic components. Synergistic effects of multiple components gasification had a non-linear impact on H2 production, and the addition of plastic reduced H2 production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ana Alvarez, Sergio Migoya, Roy Menendez, Gemma Gutierrez, Consuelo Pizarro, Julio L. Bueno
Summary: Short Rotation Coppice Willow (SRCW) is a new source of renewable energy improved through torrefaction, which enhances hygroscopicity and heating value for use as fuel. The non-oxidative and oxidative torrefaction of SRCW were compared, with optimal temperature resulting in high mass and energy yields, reduced moisture content, and changes in elemental ratios. The biomass becomes hydrophobic with increased contact angle and decreased water absorption.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Huidong Liu, Guoren Xu, Guibai Li
Summary: The pyrolysis kinetics of municipal sludge and pharmaceutical sludge were studied using thermogravimetry, revealing different activation energies and mechanisms. The thermal decomposition was divided into three stages, with different models better explaining the pyrolysis mechanism for each type of sludge. The study also showed that organic matter in sewage sludge can be decomposed into bio-oil and bio-gas at elevated temperatures, making it a promising energy source.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Maja Ivanovski, Darko Goricanec, Jurij Krope, Danijela Urbancl
Summary: This study investigates the effects of torrefaction pretreatment on four different lignocellulosic biomass materials. The results show that torrefaction can reduce the oxygen content and increase the heating values of biomass. The optimal temperature for the process is found to be 260 degrees C. The study also suggests that solid biofuels with properties similar to coal can be produced with torrefaction.
Article
Polymer Science
Y. Carpier, A. Alia, B. Vieille, F. Barbe
Summary: This study aimed to identify the most relevant approach to model the isothermal decomposition of C/PPS composites, with experimental databases obtained from TGA and MT-TGA tests. Three different modeling approaches were discussed, with model-fitting methods providing relatively accurate predictions of TGA curves. The model-free approach was identified as the most physically relevant method for capturing the thermal decomposition of C/PPS composites under isothermal conditions.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Guohai Jia
Summary: The research reveals that the five types of biomass pellet fuels have good combustion characteristics and kinetic properties, with fitting results closely matching experimental results. The activation energy remains consistent across different stages for each sample.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Yunpu Wang, Qi Yang, Linyao Ke, Yujie Peng, Yuhuan Liu, Qiuhao Wu, Xiaojie Tian, Leilei Dai, Roger Ruan, Li Jiang
Summary: This review presented the catalytic pyrolysis of waste oil for producing renewable hydrocarbon fuels, discussing various process parameters to improve yield and quality. The advantages and limitations of microwave-assisted pyrolysis and conventional electric heating were explored, with microwave-assisted pyrolysis showing great development potential compared to traditional methods. Future research should focus on developing catalysts with specific characteristics and constructing continuous microwave-assisted pyrolysis systems for large-scale production.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Leilei Dai, Nan Zhou, Hui Li, Yunpu Wang, Yuhuan Liu, Kirk Cobb, Yanling Cheng, Hanwu Lei, Paul Chen, Roger Ruan
Summary: By utilizing relay catalysis with Al2O3 and ZSM-5 zeolite, the catalytic fast pyrolysis of LDPE can efficiently produce high value naphtha. Under optimized conditions, the selectivity of monoaromatics and C-5-C-12 alkanes/olefins can reach up to 100% in the product.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jinjia Du, Lei Gao, Yong Yang, Guo Chen, Shenghui Guo, Mamdouh Omran, Jin Chen, Roger Ruan
Summary: The study on reducing pyrolusite using biomass pyrolysis revealed that the process can be divided into four stages, with calculated ranges of various thermodynamic parameters. This research provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the reduction of pyrolusite by utilizing waste corn stalk.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dengle Duan, Xiaoyong Dong, Qin Wang, Yayun Zhang, Roger Ruan, Yunpu Wang, Hanwu Lei
Summary: The combination of chemical activation and torrefaction pretreatment improves the catalytic performance of activated carbon during the conversion of corn cob into phenols. Optimal conditions for phenols selectivity were achieved at a carbonization temperature of 550 degrees C with H3PO4 concentration of 75%.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Liangliang Fan, Lei Liu, Zhiguo Xiao, Zheyang Su, Pei Huang, Hongyu Peng, Sen Lv, Haiwei Jiang, Roger Ruan, Paul Chen, Wenguang Zhou
Summary: The study compared the performance of a continuous-stirred microwave pyrolysis (CSMP) reactor with batch microwave pyrolysis (BMP) in the conversion of LLDPE, finding that the continuous-stirred system generated more condensate products with longer carbon chains while the batch system produced more methane. The use of a catalytic bed helped in upgrading pyrolysis vapors for increased gasoline-range hydrocarbons and propylene production.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Quan Liu, Ruolan Xu, Cuiqiang Yan, Lujia Han, Hanwu Lei, Roger Ruan, Xuesong Zhang
Summary: Fast hydrothermal co-liquefaction platform successfully converted corn stover and cow manure into high-yield bio-crude oil, with the highest yield achieved under moderate conditions. Hydrochar showed potential as a solid fuel, while the selectivity towards phenols in bio-crude oil was also increased.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yongsheng Jia, Yingjie Wang, Qi Zhang, Hongwei Rong, Yuhuan Liu, Bo Xiao, Dabin Guo, Mahmood Laghari, Roger Ruan
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between particle size of sawdust and gas-carrying capacity, as well as its influence on combustion temperature. The results show that sawdust particles with a size of 150-180 μm have the best gas-carrying performance and highest combustion temperature.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chun Wang, Mei Qi, Jiameng Guo, Chengxu Zhou, Xiaojun Yan, Roger Ruan, Pengfei Cheng
Summary: This study summarizes the characteristics of phytohormones in microalgae and their regulatory effects on the accumulation of energy storage substances. Additionally, the addition of phytohormones can reduce production costs and improve the efficiency of biofuel utilization. Accurate and sensitive determination and analytical methods for phytohormones are crucial for plant hormone research.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaodan Wu, Ni Hong, Qingjing Cen, Jiaxin Lu, Hui Wan, Wei Liu, Hongli Zheng, Roger Ruan, Kirk Cobb, Yuhuan Liu
Summary: Constructed wetlands are an environmentally friendly and economically efficient sewage treatment technology. This study tested several phosphate materials and found that hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, and physic acid sodium salt hydrate demonstrated high removal efficiency of heavy metals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaojie Tian, Zihong Zeng, Zhihao Liu, Leilei Dai, Jiamin Xu, Xiuhua Yang, Linqing Yue, Yuhuan Liu, Roger Ruan, Yunpu Wang
Summary: This study investigated the catalytic properties of different materials on the pyrolysis of plastics and found that HZSM-5 is the most suitable catalyst for producing monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The cracking process occurring in its pores plays a crucial role in the product distribution of plastic waste.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Jiameng Guo, Mei Qi, Hongyu Chen, Chengxu Zhou, Roger Ruan, Xiaojun Yan, Pengfei Cheng
Summary: Macroalgae, widely distributed in the marine environment, plays an important role in various fields such as food, medicine, and environmental remediation. They have the characteristics of easy accessibility, efficient carbon fixation, and absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater, which allows them to produce abundant nutriments and bioactive substances beneficial for food production and medicine development.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yingdan Zhu, Yueting Luan, Yingnan Zhao, Jiali Liu, Zhangqun Duan, Roger Ruan
Summary: The fruit and vegetable industry generates large amounts of residues, leading to significant economic losses. These residues contain bioactive substances with antioxidant, antibacterial, and other properties. Current technologies allow for the utilization of fruit and vegetable waste as ingredients, food bioactive compounds, and biofuels. Various extraction methods and biorefinery processes are employed for this purpose. This study provides strategies for eco-friendly processing of fruit and vegetable waste and lays the foundation for their sustainable utilization.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Juer Liu, Yuyang Yao, Yanling Cheng, Wei Hua, Xinyue Zhu, Qiming Miao, Guangwei Huang, Shengquan Mi, Roger Ruan
Summary: This study conducted an acute oral toxicity test using almond hull powders from three major almond varieties, and the results demonstrated that almond hull powders were non-toxic, even at high dosages, supporting their safety as an edible food ingredient.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaojie Tian, Yunpu Wang, Zihong Zeng, Leilei Dai, Jiamin Xu, Kirk Cobb, Linyao Ke, Rongge Zou, Yuhuan Liu, Roger Ruan
Summary: This review discusses the reasons and mechanisms for biomass conversion catalyzed by different metal catalysts (single and multi-metal catalysts), as well as the interactions between metal catalysts and the reasons behind the improved catalytic activity through combinations. It also proposes the research trends and perspectives on the future development of metal catalysis in the field of biomass pyrolysis.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Lu Wang, Min Addy, Kirk Cobb, Hongpeng Ma, Renchuan Zhang, Dongjie Chen, Paul Chen, Hualing Wang, Yuhuan Liu, Roger Ruan
Summary: In this research, the co-culture of algae and bacteria on anaerobically digested swine manure was investigated. The results showed that the biomass growth was promoted in the co-cultivation group compared with the algae-only culture. Observations indicated that the presence of bacteria enhanced settling rate through the formation of algal consortium flocs.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
