Dissecting the Potential of Selenoproteins Extracted from Selenium-Enriched Rice on Physiological, Biochemical and Anti-Ageing Effects In Vivo

Ageing is an irreversible phenomenon and the processes which can delay it are under consideration for a long time by the scientific community. Selenium is an important candidate for it, but the impact of selenoprotein on nutritional changes and ageing has not been reported well. In this regard, antioxidant activities and free radical scavenging effect of selenoproteins extracted from selenium-rich rice were studied. Mice were administered a subcutaneous abdominal injection of d-galactose to induce the ageing model and fed with different selenoprotein dosage diet. Deviations among biochemical activities (total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA)) in liver and serum of the mice were assessed. The degree of liver injury, antioxidant genes and protein relative expression were estimated. The protein content, selenium content, hydroxyl scavenging and DPPH radicals were accessed in selenoprotein components. The selenoprotein constituent had protein and selenium contents in different components as water-soluble proteins > alkali-soluble proteins > salt-soluble proteins > ethanol-soluble proteins. The enzymatic activity (total antioxidant capacity, GSH-Px and SOD) in liver and serum of mice was significantly enhanced in selenoprotein diet groups. d-Galactose-induced liver injury was significantly reduced by selenoprotein diet of 25 mu g/(kg day). Real-time qPCR and Western blot disclosed the enhanced relative expression of antioxidant genes (SOD2, GPX1, TrxR2 and Nrf2) and HO-1 protein in the positive control (Vc) and selenoprotein diet groups. In conclusion, selenoprotein treatment was found to have a positive influence on liver hepatocytes and biochemical features in mice. It might be used as a potential diet in scavenging oxidative injury and supporting enzymatic antioxidant system.