Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jiya Albert, Athira Krishnan, Prasad K. Bhaskaran, Kuvar S. Singh
Summary: Intense cyclones are becoming more frequent in the North Indian Ocean region, with specific conditions during La Nina years favoring the genesis of severe cyclones. The study highlights various factors like mid-level relative humidity, low-level relative vorticity, and outgoing long wave radiation that contribute to increased cyclone activity in the region. Variables such as sea surface temperature, wind streamlines, vertical velocity, and specific humidity play similar roles during both El Nino and La Nina phases.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sharanya J. Majumdar, Samantha Nebylitsa, Philip J. Klotzbach, Cameron Masiello, Zachary R. Michael
Summary: Using 42 years of reanalysis data, this study examines the regional and storm-relative characteristics of three different intensification groups of Atlantic tropical cyclones. The results show distinct probability density functions for vertical wind shear, sea surface temperature (SST), and radius of maximum winds (RMW) among these groups. The study also identifies the best predictors for different regions, suggesting the need for further investigation due to variability across regions, periods, and variables.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Wataru Yanase, Udai Shimada, Naoko Kitabatake, Eigo Tochimoto
Summary: This study analyzes the process of a subtropical cyclone transitioning into Tropical Storm Kirogi over the western North Pacific. The study identifies three stages of the transition and demonstrates that the process is similar to tropical transition events observed in the North Atlantic. This research provides valuable insights into tropical cyclogenesis at relatively high latitudes.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Harumi Takano-Rojas, Guillermo Murray-Tortarolo, Manuel Maass, Alicia Castillo
Summary: Based on 40 years of meteorological data, this study analyzed the long-term climatic trends in the Chamela-Cuixmala Biosphere Reserve in central Mexico. The findings revealed a sustained temperature increase, likely driven by global climate change, and an increasing trend in rainfall, particularly during the wet season. The study also highlighted the need to monitor changes in water availability to understand the expected impacts of climate change on tropical dry forests and the communities dependent on them.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Subodh Kumar, Jagabandhu Panda, Debashis Paul, Bijay Kumar Guha
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the variability in TC radial parameters and related meteorological factors over the North Indian Ocean basin. The results show that the size parameters of tropical cyclones are increasing, while the radius of maximum wind is decreasing. The study also reveals correlations between the size of tropical cyclones and meteorological factors such as sea surface temperature and humidity.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kexin Song, Jiuwei Zhao, Ruifen Zhan, Li Tao, Lin Chen
Summary: Previous studies rarely evaluated the confidence and uncertainty issues of simulations, despite the widespread use of climate models. This study examines the performance of CMIP6-HighResMIP simulations in representing long-term variability of tropical cyclone (TC) activity and quantifies the contributions of internal and external forcing. The models show overall poor performance in simulating long-term changes in TC activity, but perform well in capturing some specific regional interdecadal variations and linear trends. These results highlight the importance of understanding the confidence and uncertainty in future TC changes projected by models.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
P. J. Vidya, M. Ravichandran, R. Murtugudde, M. P. Subeesh, Sourav Chatterjee, S. Neetu, M. Nuncio
Summary: The study shows that the warming of the Southern Indian Ocean has doubled the Power Dissipation Index (PDI) in the region from 1999-2016 compared to 1980-1998, primarily due to an increase in cyclone intensity and duration. This increase in PDI is associated with rising sea surface temperatures and upper ocean heat content, as well as a significant slowdown in cyclone translation speeds, with ocean processes playing a major role in the recent period.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Philip J. Klotzbach, Kimberly M. Wood, Carl J. Schreck, Steven G. Bowen, Christina M. Patricola, Michael M. Bell
Summary: This study examines global tropical cyclone activity trends from 1990 to 2021, revealing decreases in hurricane numbers and ACE, along with increases in short-lived named storms and TC-related damage. These trends may be attributed to technological advancements and higher potential intensity.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Elizabeth J. Wallace, Sylvia G. Dee, Kerry A. Emanuel
Summary: The study found a significant correlation between the number of compiled hurricanes from paleohurricane records and TCs in the basin-wide for the past millennium. However, the skill of compilation is limited by the proxy temporal resolution, with current paleohurricane proxy networks predominantly capturing storms moving in the Caribbean/Gulf of Mexico.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
So-Hee Kim, Joong-Bae Ahn, Jianqi Sun
Summary: This study developed a new statistical-dynamical seasonal typhoon forecast model that showed significant predictability in predicting typhoon landfall in East Asia and its sub-domains from July to September. The model was able to capture the interannual variability of typhoon landfall with high confidence levels in different regions of East Asia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Julio Haji, Atilla Ferreguetti, Ricardo S. Bovendorp, Rafael S. Bueno, Fernando Goncalves, Mauro Galetti
Summary: Introducing species to areas without top-down control can be disastrous for ecosystems. A study on tropical forest-dwelling mammals found that some introduced species became extinct while others experienced population explosions. The lack of top predators on the island contributed to the rapid population growth of certain introduced mammals.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jing -yi Zhuo, Zhe-min Tan
Summary: This study uses deep learning algorithms to estimate the size of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific based on satellite data. The algorithms were used to reconstruct a historical dataset, revealing significant expanding trends in the outer circulations of these cyclones and a weak contracting trend in the inner-core size.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Moleni Tu'uholoaki, Awnesh Singh, Antonio Espejo, Savin Chand, Herve Damlamian
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of tropical cyclones affecting Nuku'alofa, Tonga, focusing on their climatology, variability, trends, and relation to the El Nin similar to o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. The study identifies a total of 128 tropical cyclone tracks over the period of 1970-2019, with a seasonal average of -2.6 cyclones per year. The findings indicate no significant long-term trends in the intensity and occurrence of tropical cyclones, providing valuable information for disaster preparedness and predictions in Tonga.
WEATHER AND CLIMATE EXTREMES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pavel Fibich, Bryan A. Black, Jiri Dolezal, Grant L. Harley, Justin T. Maxwell, Jan Altman
Summary: The impact of increasing tropical cyclone (TC) activity on temperate forests in the eastern United States was investigated through the use of structural equation models. High TC activity was found to lead to a decrease in the size of trees, an increase in tree density and basal area, and a decline in tree species richness. TC activity was identified as the strongest predictor of forest structure and species richness in dry forests, while its impact on wet forests was weaker. These results highlight the sensitivity of temperate forests to future increases in TC activity and the potential decline in tree species richness.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam H. Sobel, Chia-Ying Lee, Steven G. Bowen, Suzana J. Camargo, Mark A. Cane, Amy Clement, Boniface Fosu, Megan Hart, Kevin A. Reed, Richard Seager, Michael K. Tippett
Summary: Recent research shows that climate models incorrectly simulate the equatorial Pacific response to greenhouse gas warming, leading to a discrepancy between model predictions and observations of a more La Nina-like state. This could result in incorrect projections of regional tropical cyclone activity and other perils such as severe convective storms and droughts. While these errors may be transient, the transient response is important for climate adaptation in the next several decades. Therefore, it is desirable to develop projections that represent a broader range of possible future tropical Pacific warming scenarios, even if current coupled earth system models cannot produce such projections.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hao Huang, Kun Zhao, Johnny C. L. Chan, Dongming Hu
Summary: Based on polarimetric radar observations, this study investigates the microphysical characteristics and processes of convective features associated with extreme rainfall rates (ERCFs). The findings show that there are sub-regional differences in the lightning flash rate (LFR) distributions in the regions with high ERCF occurrence frequency. In addition, the ERCFs in the region with higher LFRs have larger volumes of high reflectivity factor and are more organized and display larger spatial coverage, while those in the region with lower LFRs have lower echo tops and lower-echo centroids. Raindrop collisional coalescence is identified as the main process for the growth of raindrops in the ERCFs, regardless of the LFRs.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xin Huang, Johnny C. L. Chan, Ruifen Zhan, Zifeng Yu, Rijin Wan
Summary: Persistent heavy rainfall from western North Pacific tropical cyclones can cause flooding and landslides in Asian countries. Typhoon Infa in July 2021 resulted in unprecedented rainfall in eastern China. This study reveals that Typhoon Infa not only broke individual station records, but also generated unprecedented rainfall for the entire eastern China area.
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jinyoung Park, Jihong Moon, Woojin Cho, Dong-Hyun Cha, Myong-In Lee, Eun-Chul Chang, Joowan Kim, Sang-Hun Park, Jooneun An
Summary: The selection of physics parameterization schemes has a significant impact on the performance of typhoon track and intensity forecasts in numerical weather prediction models. In this study, we simulated six typhoons using the WRF model to investigate the influence of physics parameterization schemes on real-time short-term forecasts. The results showed that different physics schemes led to significant differences in simulated typhoon tracks and intensities. On average, applying the Kain-Fritsch scheme for cumulus parameterization and the WSM6 scheme for cloud microphysics improved the typhoon forecast performances.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Taehyung Kim, Eunji Kim, Minkyu Lee, Dong-Hyun Cha, Sang-Min Lee, Johan Lee, Kyung-On Boo
Summary: This study assessed the performance of the Global Seasonal Forecast System 5 (GloSea5) for predicting tropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific (WNP) from 1991 to 2010. The results showed that GloSea5 had skillful performance in predicting the frequency and spatial distribution of TCs, especially during La Nina periods. However, there were still systematic biases that require continuous improvements.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Donghyun Lee, Seung-Ki Min, Joong-Bae Ahn, Dong-Hyun Cha, Seok-Woo Shin, Eun-Chul Chang, Myoung-Seok Suh, Young-Hwa Byun, Jin-Uk Kim
Summary: This study examines the characteristics of the summer monsoon rainy season over East Asia using multiple regional climate models (RCMs) and global climate models (GCMs). The results show that RCM simulations better reproduce the observed monsoon duration and area than GCMs, indicating the added value of downscaling. The study also projects an increase in the area and duration of the East Asian summer monsoon by the late 21st century, particularly in China, with stronger effects in high emission scenarios.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Eung-Sup Kim, Joong-Bae Ahn, Kyo-Moon Shim, Jina Hur, Sera Jo, Myoung-Seok Suh, Dong-Hyun Cha, Seung-Ki Min, Hyun-Suk Kang
Summary: This study used five regional climate models to project the future changes in climate-type distribution in South Korea based on the Koppen-Trewartha climate classification. It also predicted the changes in the cultivation area of major fruit crops, apple and mandarin. The results indicate that under the RCP4.5/8.5 scenarios, there will be a decrease in Type D and an increase in Type C towards higher latitudes and elevations. As a result, the cultivation areas of apple and mandarin will undergo significant changes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kosuke Ito, Soichiro Hirano, Jae-Deok Lee, Johnny C. L. Chan
Summary: Recent idealized simulations have shown that binary tropical cyclones induce vertical wind shear in each cyclone, which modifies their tracks through asymmetric diabatic heating. This study investigates these three-dimensional effects in the western North Pacific using observational data. The TC motion deviates from the steering flow in a clockwise direction. The VWS caused by large-scale circulations influences the TC motion consistently with idealized simulations.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jae-Deok Lee, Kosuke Ito, Johnny C. L. Chan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of diabatic heating asymmetry on the motion of binary tropical cyclones (TCs). Idealised numerical experiments with varying initial separation distance, TC intensity, and size are conducted. The results demonstrate that the binary TC tracks are influenced by these factors. The interaction of the binary TCs leads to the development of large-scale circulations and a vertically sheared environment for each TC.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xin Huang, Tianjun Zhou, Johnny C. L. Chan, Ruifen Zhan, Ziming Chen, Jiuwei Zhao
Summary: Reliable projections of tropical cyclone activities in the western North Pacific are crucial for climate policy-making in coastal Asia. This study identifies a new source of uncertainty in the projections arising from different tropical cyclone identification schemes. Model uncertainty is of secondary importance, while internal variability noticeably impacts near-term projections.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Joong-Bae Ahn, Young-Hwa Byun, Dong-Hyun Cha
Summary: This paper examines how domestic research studies and projects related to climate change have been conducted by the Korean Meteorological Society (KMS) over the past 60 years. The history of individual fields of meteorology such as climate change has not been covered in the KMS's history published more than a decade ago, making it significant to study the research activities and achievements in climate change by KMS members. The paper discusses the evolution of climate change research in KMS from the 1950s until the present, highlighting the increasing focus on this field since the 1990s and the remarkable development of research capabilities in the past two decades.
Review
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Chang-Hoi Ho, Byung-Gon Kim, Baek-Min Kim, Doo-Sun R. Park, Chang-Kyun Park, Seok-Woo Son, Jee-Hoon Jeong, Dong-Hyun Cha
Summary: This paper summarized research papers on weather extremes in South Korea between 1963 and 2022. The study focuses on events including typhoons, heavy rain, drought, heat wave, cold surge, heavy snow, and strong gust, which result in serious casualty and property loss. The impact of weather extremes, other than typhoons and heavy rainfalls, may be underestimated. Drought and heat wave are increasing due to global warming, and cold surges, heavy snow, and strong gusts have localized effects over short-term time scales. Strong gusts accompanied by drought can lead to severe forest fires in mountainous regions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Liying Qiu, Eun-Soon Im, Seung-Ki Min, Yeon-Hee Kim, Dong-Hyun Cha, Seok-Woo Shin, Joong-Bae Ahn, Eun-Chul Chang, Young-Hwa Byun
Summary: This study compares four bias correction methods and two correction strategies for adjusting heat-stress indices in regional climate model simulations. The results show that the multivariate approach improves inter-variable dependence and benefits the indirect correction of indices relying equally on multiple drivers. The quantile delta mapping univariate approach also performs well in correcting the heat-stress indices, but attention should be paid to the non-stationarity of bias brought by climate sensitivity.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Changyong Park, Seok-Woo Shin, Ana Juzbasic, Dong-Hyun Cha, Youngeun Choi, Seung-Ki Min, Yeon-Hee Kim, Eun-Chul Chang, Myoung-Seok Suh, Joong-Bae Ahn, Young-Hwa Byun
Summary: This is the first study to quantitatively evaluate the changes in uncertainty components of future temperature and precipitation projections using multiple regional climate models over East Asia. The study found that internal variability and model uncertainty were the main factors affecting near-term temperature projections, while scenario uncertainty became the dominant factor after mid-term projections. Precipitation showed similar uncertainty factors as temperature in the near-term projections, but differed significantly in terms of the contribution of internal variability to total variance. This study is significant as it provides new possibilities for considering climate uncertainties in the development of climate change policies at the regional scale.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ui-Yong Byun, Eun-Chul Chang, Joowan Kim, Joong-Bae Ahn, Dong-Hyun Cha, Seung-Ki Min, Young-Hwa Byun
Summary: Studies have shown that regional climate models (RCMs) are more effective than global climate models (GCMs) in simulating local climates, making them valuable tools for assessing the impacts of climate change and informing adaptation strategies. This study compared two regional simulations using the same RCMs but different GCMs to evaluate their ability to simulate storm tracks in East Asia. The results demonstrated the added value of RCMs in improving climate projections in East Asia.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
