Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Majd B. B. Protty, P. Vince Jenkins, Peter W. W. Collins, Valerie B. B. O'Donnell
Summary: Phospholipids are vital for cell structure and cell activation signalling pathways. They play a key role in supporting blood clotting by rapidly externalizing upon platelet activation. Enzymatically oxidized phospholipids have also been found to facilitate blood clotting. However, the exact role of phospholipids in thrombo-inflammatory conditions is not fully understood.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Quang K. Loi, Krittamet Phothong, D. D. Do, D. Nicholson
Summary: The new wedge model, based on TEM micrographs and experimental data, reveals the gas adsorption process on graphitized thermal carbon black. The overlapping interactions in wedge-shaped spaces and at the crystallite junctions enhance the interaction energy of the adsorbate molecules, facilitating molecular clustering and condensate formation. The experimental results show a better match with the simulation results based on the wedge model compared to the homogeneous planar graphite model.
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
JuDong Yeo, Christopher C. Parrish
Summary: Shotgun lipidomics was used to identify and quantify phospholipids in salmon muscle tissue, focusing on omega-3 fatty acids distribution and eicosanoids. 43 PL species were identified, with 16:0-22:6 PtdCho being predominant. Additionally, prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F3 alpha were identified for the first time in salmon muscle.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lin Ding, Jinyue Yang, Haoran Guo, Peixu Cong, Jie Xu, Changhu Xue, Xiangzhao Mao, Tiantian Zhang, Yuming Wang
Summary: Dietary supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the form of phosphoethanolamine plasmalogens (PlsEtn) has been shown to remodel lipidome and regulate fatty acid metabolic process in white adipose tissue (WAT), suggesting it as a potential strategy for obesity treatment in the future.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Volodymyr Khomenko, Oksana Butenko, Oksana Chernysh, Viacheslav Barsukov, Mirela Petruta Suchea, Emmanouel Koudoumas
Summary: This work focuses on the development of paint-like composites composed of carbon materials and magnetite in a polyvinyl butyral matrix. The study investigates the dependence of the composite's electromagnetic shielding properties on electrical characteristics and frequency. It is found that a high content of carbon components and the absence of filler particle agglomeration are crucial for achieving high electromagnetic shielding effectiveness. Additionally, a combination of carbon-graphite materials and magnetite fillers enhances shielding efficiency.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xochitl Guadalupe Vital, Felisa Rey, Paulo Cartaxana, Sonia Cruz, Maria Rosario Domingues, Ricardo Calado, Nuno Simoes
Summary: Long-term retention of functional chloroplasts in animal cells is only observed in sacoglossan sea slugs. Our study characterized the pigment and fatty acid composition of Elysia crispata and their chloroplasts, showing differences in lipid content between shallow and deeper waters. The findings suggest that sea slugs retain chloroplasts from various sources but habitat depth does not affect their biochemical condition.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sari Sugahara, Yuki Ishino, Koki Sawada, Tsumugi Iwata, Yuta Shimanaka, Junken Aoki, Hiroyuki Arai, Nozomu Kono
Summary: This study reveals that the gene mutation in LMS patients leads to uncontrolled synthesis of phosphatidylserine (PS). The results suggest that the uncontrolled PS synthesis by PSS1LMS causes changes in the quantity or fatty acid composition of specific phospholipids, impairing the formation and function of osteoclasts, which might be a cause of osteosclerosis in patients with LMS.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Changfeng Hu, Jingyi Song, Wumeng Jin, Wenqiang Wang, Hongjin Bai, Cuiyun Wu, Lirong Shen
Summary: Walnut oil, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, has many health benefits. The synthesis and accumulation of walnut oil in the embryo development process may be influenced by a special mechanism for triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Shotgun lipidomics analysis revealed that triacylglycerol synthesis in walnut kernels occurred before 84 days after flowering and was enhanced between 84 and 98 days. Acyl editing through phosphatidylcholine played a role in the flux of fatty acids for triacylglycerol synthesis. Therefore, triacylglycerol biosynthesis in walnut kernels is directly linked to lipid metabolism.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xinxin Hu, Peixu Cong, Yu Song, Xincen Wang, Hongwei Zhang, Nan Meng, Xiaowei Fan, Jie Xu, Changhu Xue
Summary: A comprehensive lipid profile of eight echinoderm species was obtained using UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS, with analysis of 961 lipid molecular species. Phospholipids and glycerolipids were found to be the main lipid classes in all species, with a higher proportion of sphingolipids in sea cucumbers. Two sulfated lipid subclasses were detected for the first time, with sterol sulfate being abundant in sea cucumbers and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol present in sea stars and sea urchins. Additionally, lipid markers were identified to distinguish the echinoderm species. The study revealed the unique biochemical fingerprints of echinoderms, which can help evaluate their nutritional value.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shanshan Huang, Dong Zhang, Qian Wang, Bo Shang, Jianlei Liu, Xiaoting Xing, Yu Hong, Xiaoliang Duan, Hui Sun
Summary: This study investigated the changes in phospholipid molecular species in four varieties of brown rice during accelerated aging. The results showed that the content of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) gradually decreased in japonica rice, but showed no difference in indica rice during accelerated aging. The findings provide insights into the impact of accelerated aging on phospholipids of brown rice.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Przemys law Bernat, Anna Jasinska, Katarzyna Niedzialkowska, Miros lawa Slaba, Sylwia Rozalska, Katarzyna Paraszkiewicz, Lidia Sas-Paszt, Hermann J. Heipieper
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the herbicide metolachlor and microplastics on the growth and adaptive responses of Trichoderma harzianum in soil. The findings showed that microplastics had a marginal inhibitory effect on the fungus, while metolachlor exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect. However, the presence of microplastics did not influence the fungal degradation activity of the herbicide. Additionally, the activities of six extracellular enzymes in the soil were significantly enhanced in the presence of metolachlor.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Diana Lopes, Felisa Rey, Miguel C. Leal, Ana I. Lillebo, Ricardo Calado, Maria Rosario Domingues
Summary: Complex lipids from seaweeds have important phytochemical properties, but their full potential is yet to be fully explored. Current research is mainly based on empirical knowledge, showing the potential application value of seaweed lipids in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ekaterina Ermolenko, Tatyana Sikorskaya, Valeria P. Grigorchuk
Summary: This study found that the diet of sea cucumbers, whether they are wild or cultured, can significantly influence the nutritional properties of the product, particularly the molecular species profile of phospholipids.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olaf Uhl, Rohan M. Lewis, Birgit Hirschmugl, Sarah Crozier, Hazel Inskip, Antonio Gazquez, Nicholas C. Harvey, Cyrus Cooper, Gernot Desoye, Berthold Koletzko, Christian Wadsack, Hans Demmelmair, Keith M. Godfrey
Summary: The study found specific differences in polar-lipid composition and related gene expression in placentas of different sizes. These differences in lipid composition were associated with birth weight and neonatal lean mass, indicating that placental lipid composition may influence prenatal lean mass accretion.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jacob Macwilliams, Erika Peirce, William Jacob Pitt, Melissa Schreiner, Tierra Matthews, Linxing Yao, Corey Broeckling, Punya Nachappa
Summary: This study investigates the role of the main cannabinoid in hemp, cannabidiol (CBD), in plant defense against the cannabis aphid. The results show that cannabis aphids have reduced fecundity and adult longevity on high cannabinoid cultivars compared to low-cannabinoid cultivars in whole plant assays. However, supplementing CBD in artificial feeding assays actually increased aphid fecundity. Aphid feeding did not impact cannabinoid levels in leaf tissues, but it increased levels of major phytohormones associated with plant defense responses.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Andrea Cerrato, Carmen Lammi, Anna Laura Capriotti, Carlotta Bollati, Chiara Cavaliere, Carmela Maria Montone, Martina Bartolomei, Giovanna Boschin, Jianqiang Li, Susy Piovesana, Anna Arnoldi, Aldo Lagana
Summary: This study aims to develop a valuable mixture of short-chain peptides from hempseed for the prevention of metabolic syndrome worldwide. A dedicated analytical platform was developed to isolate and characterize over 500 short-chain peptides, which showed higher activity in inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme and dipeptidyl peptidase IV, and modulating cholesterol metabolism through low-density lipoprotein receptor.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benedetta Giannelli Moneta, Sara Elsa Aita, Elena Barbaro, Anna Laura Capriotti, Andrea Cerrato, Aldo Lagana, Carmela Maria Montone, Susy Piovesana, Federico Scoto, Carlo Barbante, Chiara Cavaliere
Summary: There is increasing concern on contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), including various chemicals, found even in remote polar regions. In a study conducted during the 2021 spring campaign in Ny-Alesund, sixteen surface snow samples were collected and analyzed using LC-HRMS/MS. Among the 114 compounds identified, over 80 have commercial or industrial uses, suggesting anthropogenic origin. However, no clear contamination trend was observed, and comparison with aerosol samples did not provide conclusive evidence of the pollution source.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Andrea Cerrato, Chiara Cavaliere, Carmela Maria Montone, Susy Piovesana
Summary: The paper presents the preparation and characterization of a new HILIC material for the enrichment of N-linked glycopeptides. The material was prepared using specific monomer and cross-linker, and by fine-tuning the polymer properties, it displayed superior performance in terms of the number of enriched glycopeptides and selectivity. These results not only provide a new HILIC material for glycopeptide enrichment but also pave the way for the use of hydrogel materials in this field.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Susy Piovesana, Chiara Cavaliere, Andrea Cerrato, Aldo Lagana, Carmela Maria Montone, Anna Laura Capriotti
Summary: This trends article provides an overview of the current state and recent developments in the analysis of intact glycopeptides using LC-MS based proteomics technologies. It covers techniques for sample preparation, characterization of intact glycopeptide structures, and data analysis using bioinformatics. The article also highlights open challenges in the field, including glycopeptide isomerism, quantitative analysis, and characterization of less-studied glycosylation types. Overall, it serves as a valuable resource for researchers in the field and stimulates future research on intact glycopeptide analysis.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Andrea Cerrato, Sara Elsa Aita, Giuseppe Cannazza, Anna Laura Capriotti, Chiara Cavaliere, Cinzia Citti, Chiara Dal Bosco, Alessandra Gentili, Carmela Maria Montone, Roberta Paris, Aldo Lagana
Summary: Industrial hemp is being widely used for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical purposes, but the detailed composition of hemp remains poorly understood. In this study, the carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins in the inflorescences of seven Italian industrial hemp varieties were analyzed. The most abundant carotenoids were found to be phytoene, phytofluene, and all-trans -a-carotene. In addition, several other carotenoids were tentatively identified using liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode-array detection.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Fabiana Russo, Francesco Tolomeo, Maria Angela Vandelli, Giuseppe Biagini, Aldo Lagana, Anna Laura Capriotti, Andrea Cerrato, Luigi Carbone, Elisabetta Perrone, Alberto Cavazzini, Vincenzo Maiorano, Giuseppe Gigli, Giuseppe Cannazza, Cinzia Citti
Summary: The evaluation of the chiral composition of phytocannabinoids in the cannabis plant is crucial due to the distinct pharmacological effects of the (+) and (-) enantiomers. This study presents the first stereoselective synthesis of pure (+) enantiomers of main phytocannabinoids and the development of an optimized achiral-chiral liquid chromatography method for their analysis. The results indicate that the extraction procedure does not lead to a change in configuration for the phytocannabinoids.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Carmela Maria Montone, Benedetta Giannelli Moneta, Sara Elsa Aita, Anna Laura Capriotti, Andrea Cerrato, Aldo Lagan, Angela Marchetti, Susy Piovesana, Marianna Villano, Chiara Cavaliere
Summary: The presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment is mainly due to their release from wastewater treatment plants. Sulfonamides, a class of synthetic antibacterials, have often been found in surface water, contributing to antibiotic resistance. Monitoring their transformation products (TPs) is important, as they may still exert pharmaceutical activity. In this study, three commonly used sulfonamides were incubated with activated sludge, and their TPs were identified using mass spectrometry. The identified TPs were then used to analyze wastewater treatment plant samples. Acetylation was found to be the predominant transformation pathway.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Cinzia Citti, Aldo Lagana, Anna Laura Capriotti, Carmela Maria Montone, Giuseppe Cannazza
Summary: Mitragyna speciosa, or kratom, is a legal herbal drug of abuse that is gaining popularity globally. This review focuses on the analytical aspects of kratom, including the extraction techniques used to isolate alkaloids, qualitative and quantitative analytical methods, and strategies for distinguishing naturally occurring isomers. The analysis of alkaloids in biological specimens is also important for forensic and toxicological laboratories due to the increasing concern about the safety of this recreational drug.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Flavia Fulvio, Giuseppe Mandolino, Cinzia Citti, Nicola Pecchioni, Giuseppe Cannazza, Roberta Paris
Summary: Cannabis sativa is a plant with high genetic and phenotypic diversity, resulting in the synthesis of various bioactive compounds. We studied the transcription levels of cannabinoid pathway genes during early stages of plant development and compared them with the chemical characterization of the samples. The results showed that cannabinoid synthase genes are already expressed in the seed, indicating the significance of this metabolism for the plant.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Andrea Cerrato, Alessandra Biancolillo, Giuseppe Cannazza, Chiara Cavaliere, Cinzia Citti, Aldo Lagana, Federico Marini, Massimo Montanari, Carmela Maria Montone, Roberta Paris, Nino Virzi, Anna Laura Capriotti
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of industrial hemp samples from different regions in Italy and different cultivars using metabolomics. The study found that cannabinoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids play a key role in differentiating hemp samples and determining their biological activities.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)