Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 318, Issue 1, Pages C125-C136Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00354.2019
Keywords
chloride; signaling
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Funding
- Intramural NIH [DE000735-9]
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [ZIADE000735] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Cl- is the major extracellular (Cl-out(-)) and intracellular (Cl-in(-)) anion whose concentration is actively regulated by multiple transporters. These transporters generate Cl- gradients across the plasma membrane and between the cytoplasm and intracellular organelles. [Cl-](in) changes rapidly in response to cell stimulation and influences many physiological functions, as well as cellular and systemic homeostasis. However, less appreciated is the signaling function of Cl-. Cl- interacts with multiple proteins to directly modify their activity. This review highlights the signaling function of Cl- and argues that Cl- is a bona fide signaling ion, a function deserving extensive exploration.
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