Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 46, Pages 43046-43055Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10184
Keywords
Na-ion batteries; XRD; crystal structure; electrochemistry; NASICON; phase transition; Na3Fe2(PO4)(3)
Funding
- Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MNiSW) [0020/DIA/2016/45]
- National Science Center Poland (NCN) [UMO-2016/23/B/ST8/00199]
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Given the extensive efforts focused on protecting the environment, eco-friendly cathode materials are a prerequisite for the development of Na-ion battery technology. Such materials should contain abundant and inexpensive elements. In the paper, we present NASICON-Na3Fe2-yMny(PO4)(3) (y = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) cathode materials, which meet these requirements. Na3Fe2-yMny(PO4)(3) compounds were prepared via a solid-state reaction at 600 degrees C, which allowed to obtain powders with submicron particles. The presence of manganese in the iron sub-lattice inhibits phase transitions, which occurs at similar to 95 and similar to 145 degrees C in Na3Fe2(PO4)(3), changing the monoclinic structure to rhombohedral and affecting the structural and transport properties. The chemical stability of Na3Fe2-yMny(PO4)(3) was thus higher than that of Na3Fe2(PO4)(3), and it also exhibited enhanced structural, transport, and electrochemical properties. The observed correlation between the chemical composition and electrochemical properties proved the ability to precisely tune the crystal structure of NASICONs, allowing cathode materials with more desirable properties to be designed.
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