Article
Environmental Sciences
Dongsheng Zhang, Yadong Zhou, Jichao Yang, Thomas Linley, Ruiyan Zhang, Bo Lu, Peng Xu, Chengcheng Shen, Shiquan Lin, Yueyun Wang, Dong Sun, Xiaogu Wang, Chunsheng Wang
Summary: This study conducted nine dives in the Yap Trench from abyssal to hadal depths, identifying 80 morphospecies from 8 phyla. Megafaunal communities showed increasing abundance with depth and decreasing Shannon diversity index. The study highlighted depth, substrate, slope, and latitude as important environmental factors influencing megafaunal community structure.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Shaojun Huang, Lingyue Zhu, Shouwen Jiang, Wanying Zhai, Binbin Pan, Zhichao Wu, Qianghua Xu
Summary: This study analyzed the metal accumulations of two amphipod species, finding higher element concentrations in the Antarctic amphipod and oligotrophication of the Mariana Trench. The research suggests that amphipods in remote and uncontaminated areas could be potential indicator species for metal-element bioaccumulation to measure anthropogenic impacts.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaofan Zhai, Wei Cao, Yimeng Zhang, Peng Ju, Juna Chen, Jizhou Duan, Chengjun Sun
Summary: The study revealed the bacterial communities of biofilms formed on metallic surfaces in hadal environments, showing distinct characteristics on different alloy surfaces. Among all the elements investigated, copper showed the strongest influence on the composition and function of microbial communities in the biofilms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Alan J. Jamieson, Deo Florence L. Onda
Summary: Recent studies have found long, parallel tracks running along the trench floors in the deepest places of the ocean, caused by drifting plastic bags, referred to as mullspuren. These tracks created by plastic bags are forming up to 12 times faster than those created by hadal holothurians, with a larger affected area.
CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hui Zhou, Ping Chen, Mengjie Zhang, Jiawang Chen, Jiasong Fang, Xuan Li
Summary: This study investigated the viral community in hadal sediment habitats using deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing, revealing novel diversities and potential metabolic functions. The hadal sediment virome shared some common components with other viromes from hadal aquatic, bathypelagic, and terrestrial habitats, but also contained many unique viral clusters.
Article
Limnology
Yuhuan Huang, Chengjun Sun, Lina Lu, Neal Xiangyu Ding, Liangmin Yu, Guipeng Yang, Haibing Ding
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics of methane (CH4) and dimethylsulphoniopropionate (DMSP) in the southern Yap Trench. The concentrations of CH4 varied between 1.5 and 4.5 nmol/L, while dissolved DMSP concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 3.7 nmol/L. The study presented clear correlations between CH4 and DMSP, proving that DMSP might be a potential substrate for CH4 in both oxic surface seawater and deep water.
JOURNAL OF OCEANOLOGY AND LIMNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Shuangquan Liu, Xiaotong Peng, Hao Yang, Xiaodi Zhang, Yuangao Qu, Jiwei Li, Hengchao Xu, Tongtong Xie
Summary: This study reports the discovery of microbial biofilm that undergoes extensive Fe-mineralization on the surface of rocks from the Challenger Deep in the southern Mariana Trench. The biofilms contain globules that are internally permineralized by acicular goethite. The presence of carbon and phosphorus in the globules suggests their biological origin.
Article
Microbiology
Hongmei Jing, Xiang Xiao, Yue Zhang, Zhiyong Li, Huahua Jian, Yingfeng Luo, Zhuang Han
Summary: This study conducted a metagenomic investigation on sediment samples from the abyssal-hadal transition zone in the Mariana Trench to understand the diversity and potential function of the core microbiome. The core microbiome showed cosmopolitanism with high community similarity among different stations. Niche differentiation was observed along sediment layers, particularly for major archaeal groups, due to sediment depth and organic matter source. Nitrogen biogeochemical cycles driven by various nitrifying groups with dark carbon fixation capability were demonstrated. Heterotrophic pathways were predominant in this transition zone, with high abundance of genes related to respiration and carbon fixation.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Hao Wang, Dong-Rui Ruan, Chen Cao, Jia-Song Fang, Peng Zhou, Yu-Ping Fang, Jia-Wang Chen
Summary: A pressure-retaining sampler was developed for hadal trenches, displaying excellent pressure-resistance and sampling performance during field tests in the Mariana Trench.
DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mengke Shi, Li Qi, Li-Sheng He
Summary: This study provides the first complete mitogenome of sea anemones from the hadal zone, revealing some characteristics associated with adaptation to extreme environments.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yue Su, Wenjing Zhang, Yantao Liang, Hongmin Wang, Yundan Liu, Kaiyang Zheng, Ziqi Liu, Hao Yu, Linyi Ren, Hongbing Shao, Yeong Yik Sung, Wen Jye Mok, Li Lian Wong, Yu-Zhong Zhang, Andrew Mcminn, Min Wang
Summary: This study reports the discovery of a new temperate phage, vB_HmeY_H4907, infecting Halomonas meridiana H4907 in the Mariana Trench. It is the deepest isolated siphovirus from the ocean and belongs to a new viral family, Suviridae. These findings expand our understanding of hadal lysogenic phages, provide essential information for further studies, and may reveal new insights into the lysogenic lifestyles of viruses inhabiting the hadal ocean.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yue Su, Wenjing Zhang, Yantao Liang, Hongmin Wang, Yundan Liu, Kaiyang Zheng, Ziqi Liu, Hao Yu, Linyi Ren, Hongbing Shao, Yeong Yik Sung, Wen Jye Mok, Li Lian Wong, Yu-Zhong Zhang, Andrew McMinn, Min Wang
Summary: This study reports the discovery of a novel deep-sea phage from the Mariana Trench, which belongs to a new viral family called Suviridae. The findings expand our understanding of the phylogenetic diversity and genomic features of deep-sea lysogenic phages.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
T. Schwestermann, T. Eglinton, N. Haghipour, A. P. McNichol, K. Ikehara, M. Strasser
Summary: This study systematically characterizes the distribution of organic carbon in sediment cores from the southern and northern Japan Trench, revealing the origin of event deposits and the sources of organic matter in hadal trenches. The findings suggest that event deposits in the southern and central areas are mainly from remobilization of surficial sediment and deep erosion, while those in the northern area are influenced by canyon flushing events, indicating different mechanisms of organic carbon transfer in the Japan Trench.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Limnology
Jiaohong Niu, Chengjun Sun, Bo Yang, Lei Xie, Fenghua Jiang, Wei Cao, Yan Chen, Haibing Ding, Yuhuan Huang, Xianchi Gao
Summary: The composition and concentration of dissolved free amino acid (DFAA) in seawater samples from the Yap Trench were analyzed. The concentrations of DFAA varied in different sampling stations and water depths, and were influenced by multiple factors. The dominant DFAA in different water layers were similar, and included acidic, basic, and neutral amino acids. Furthermore, positive relationships were observed among certain pairs of DFAA, indicating similar biogeochemical processes. The degradation index of DFAA could reflect their degradation, source, and freshness in the trench.
JOURNAL OF OCEANOLOGY AND LIMNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Ko Tomikawa, Hiromi Kayama Watanabe, Katsuhiko Tanaka, Yasuhiko Ohara
Summary: This article describes a new species of marine pardaliscid amphipod from the Mariana Trench, marking the first description of this species from the region.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Juan Yu, Ming-Xin Sun, Gui-Peng Yang
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of major volatile organic sulfur compounds in the Changjiang Estuary and the East China Sea, estimating their sea-to-air fluxes. The results suggest that VSC distribution is influenced by environmental and biological factors, with CS2 potentially linked to phytoplankton growth.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiaomin Luo, Junfeng Du, Yidong Lou, Shengfeng Gu, Xinan Yue, Jingbin Liu, Biyan Chen
Summary: Geomagnetic storms can negatively impact the performance of GNSS precise positioning services. To mitigate this, we propose a model based on ionospheric disturbance index to reduce the false detection rate of cycle slip in GNSS PPP during strong storm periods, resulting in improved accuracy and reliability. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed model can significantly enhance positioning accuracy, especially in high latitude regions.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Si Chen, Yong Wei, Xin'an Yue, Kaihua Xu, Mingkun Li, Wei Lin
Summary: This study compares the periodic changes and trends of ancient Chinese epidemic data with sunspot numbers, a proxy of solar activity. The results show a good agreement between epidemic and solar activity changes, especially during the Gleissberg and the de Vries cycles. The wavelet coherence analysis indicates a high association between the frequency of epidemic data and sunspot numbers. This study has important implications for understanding the potential impact of solar activity on Earth's biosphere, although further exploration is needed to understand the underlying mechanism.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xiaolin Li, Feng Ding, Xinan Yue, Tian Mao, Bo Xiong, Qian Song
Summary: In this study, we used dense global navigation satellite system data from China to track the propagation of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) triggered by the 2022 January 15 Tonga volcanic eruption. We identified two TIDs originating from the eruption. One had a velocity of approximately 361 m/s, which has been widely discussed in recent investigations. However, another long-distance propagating TID with a velocity of approximately 264 m/s has not received much attention. These TIDs' velocities coincide with previous simulation results of gravity-wave L0 and L1 modes. We propose that these TIDs were caused by the L0 and L1 ducted modes of gravity waves excited by the volcanic eruption. However, the L1 mode, usually negligible, became detectable due to the significant energy release.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xinan Yue, Yihui Cai, Zhipeng Ren, Xu Zhou, Yong Wei, Yongxin Pan
Summary: Currently, there is no natural media available to study the ancient ionosphere, so the understanding of long-term trends mainly comes from analyzing modern measurements and theoretical simulations. In this study, the ionosphere simulation was expanded to the whole Holocene, driven by a combination of ancient media derivations and modern observations. It was found that the ionospheric oscillation is influenced by the geomagnetic field, CO2 levels, and solar activity. The CO2 effect became more significant after 1800 CE, and the solar activity effect is marked by grand solar minimums.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jianhui He, Elvira Astafyeva, Xinan Yue, Feng Ding, Boris Maletckii
Summary: The eruption of the Tonga volcano on 15 January 2022 caused a significant depletion in the ionospheric electron density. However, this depletion may have been influenced by the concurrent moderate geomagnetic storm. Through various measurements and simulations, this study provides insights into the contributions of the eruption and the storm to the ionosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinan Yue, Fanyu Liu, Junyi Wang, Yonghui Wang, Yihui Cai, Feng Ding, Baiqi Ning, Mingyuan Li, Ning Zhang, Zhongqiu Wang, Su Xu
Summary: In this study, ion line calibration was conducted based on experiments with the newly built SYISR. The calibration factor was obtained by simultaneous measurements of plasma line and ion line electron density, and it significantly improved the agreement between ion line f(o)F(2) and ionosonde results. The deviations after calibration might be caused by uncertainties in the calibration factor or ionosonde measurements. The plasma line calibration technique is expected to be enhanced with the upcoming completion of the SYISR Tristatic System.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuyan Jin, Biqiang Zhao, Honglian Hao, Xinan Yue, Feng Ding, Baiqi Ning, Lingqi Zeng, Zishen Li
Summary: As the first advanced modular phase array incoherent scatter radar (ISR) established in the Eastern Hemisphere at low latitudes, Sanya ISR (SYISR) can measure the line-of-sight (LOS) velocity of ion drift in multiple directions, potentially yielding the spatial distribution of ionospheric plasma drift. The altitude profile of plasma drift and the first presented distribution of low latitude plasma drift in the meridian plane for March to May 2021 are inversed through LOS velocity using cross-shaped and meridian beam-scanning modes, respectively. This study proves that the SYISR-measured plasma drift is reliable and will play an important role in the atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetospheric coupling study in the East Asian region.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Honglian Hao, Biqiang Zhao, Xinan Yue, Feng Ding, Baiqi Ning, Lingqi Zeng
Summary: The plasma lines observed by SYISR depend on the enhancement of Langmuir waves caused by solar EUV radiation. The power spectrum of the plasma line can be obtained using long-pulse and alternating-code transmission signals. The IMF method has been developed to separate signal noise in the measurements of the alternating code, showing excellent performance. Combined with the ion line, plasma line detection can be a powerful new observational capability for SYISR.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Libo Liu, Yuyan Yang, Ruilong Zhang, M. Arslan Tariq, Huijun Le, Yiding Chen, Hui Zhang, Guozhu Li, Xinan Yue
Summary: It has been previously observed that in Sanya, an increase in F2-layer peak electron density (NmF2) after midnight is often accompanied by increased bottom-side F layer electron density (Ne) and decreased top-side F layer Ne. A case study was conducted to explore the spatial coverage of post-midnight enhancements in electron density at low latitudes. Total electron content (TEC) data were obtained from the Beidou Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite signals recorded by a network of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers in Asia-Australia. Measurements from an ionosonde and incoherent scatter radar in Sanya were used to determine the F2-layer peak parameters and altitudinal profiles of Ne. The study found that the GNSS-TEC does not always fully correspond to the enhancement of NmF2, and the enhancements can vary in timing and location.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shaoyang Li, Zhipeng Ren, Xinan Yue, Libo Liu, Tingting Yu, Yong Wei
Summary: Given the strong dependence of the ionosphere on the thermosphere and the determination of its state by thermospheric parameters, we propose a new method to extract exospheric temperature (T-ex) from electron density (Ne) profiles based on a simulated relationship between T-ex and Ne profiles. The method is tested using Ne profiles and corresponding T-ex from the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar (ISR) observations. The results show that the retrieved T-ex effectively captures various variations and outperforms the Mass Spectrometer Incoherent Scatter model, especially under disturbed conditions. This confirms the possibility of deducing thermospheric temperature variation from ionospheric profiles and highlights the usefulness of our method in obtaining T-ex from Ne profiles.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shun-Rong Zhang, Ingrid Cnossen, Jan Lastovicka, Ana G. Elias, Xinan Yue, Christoph Jacobi, Jia Yue, Wenbin Wang, Liying Qian, Larisa Goncharenko
Summary: Climate change, caused by the increase of greenhouse gases, has led to global surface warming. However, the upper atmosphere has experienced significant cooling in recent decades. Important issues remain unresolved, including the regional variability of trends, the observed ionospheric cooling not explained by greenhouse gas increases, the impact of changes in Earth's magnetic field, the effect of long-term cooling on operational systems, and plans for long-term monitoring of space climate.
FRONTIERS IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jianhui He, Elvira Astafyeva, Xinan Yue, Nicholas M. Pedatella, Dong Lin, Timothy J. Fuller-Rowell, Mariangel Fedrizzi, Mihail Codrescu, Eelco Doornbos, Christian Siemes, Sean Bruinsma, Frederic Pitout, Adam Kubaryk
Summary: This study investigates the thermospheric conditions during a moderate geomagnetic storm and finds that the storm-time increase in the upper thermospheric density was around 110%-120%. The density increase at the orbit altitude of the Starlink satellites reached 35%-60%, which is responsible for the reentry of 38 satellites.
SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Limei Yan, Fei He, Xinan Yue, Yong Wei, Yuqi Wang, Si Chen, Kai Fan, Hui Tian, Jiansen He, Qiugang Zong, Lidong Xia
Summary: This study provides definitive observational evidence that an 8-year solar cycle existed during the Maunder Minimum, which has important implications for solar dynamo models and the generation mechanism of grand solar minima.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fei He, ZhongHua Yao, BinBin Ni, Xing Cao, ShengYi Ye, RuiLong Guo, JinXing Li, ZhiPeng Ren, XinAn Yue, YongLiang Zhang, Yong Wei, XiaoXin Zhang, ZuYin Pu
Summary: The dune aurora, which occurs on the duskside, exhibits a monochromatic oscillation in the auroral emission at a scale of around 30 kilometers. It is unclear whether these dune auroras are atmospheric waves or associated with magnetospheric dynamics.
EARTH AND PLANETARY PHYSICS
(2023)
