4.3 Review

Update in diagnostic imaging of the thymus and anterior mediastinal masses

Journal

GLAND SURGERY
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages S188-S207

Publisher

AME PUBL CO
DOI: 10.21037/gs.2019.05.06

Keywords

Thymoma; anterior mediastinal neoplasm; imaging modalities

Categories

Ask authors/readers for more resources

Anterior mediastinal masses include a wide spectrum of malignant and benign pathologies with a large percentage represented by thymic lesions. Distinguishing these masses on diagnostic imaging is fundamental to guide the proper management for each patient. This review illustrates possibilities and limits of different imaging modalities to diagnose a lesion of the anterior mediastinum with particular attention to thymic disease.

Authors

I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.

Reviews

Primary Rating

4.3
Not enough ratings

Secondary Ratings

Novelty
-
Significance
-
Scientific rigor
-
Rate this paper

Recommended

Article Immunology

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on heart and lung transplant: A patient-perspective survey

David Bennett, Elda De Vita, Vittoria Ventura, Sonia Bernazzali, Antonella Fossi, Piero Paladini, Luca Luzzi, Massimo Maccherini, Serafina Valente, Elena Bargagli, Bruno Frediani, Piersante Sestini

Summary: The study found a low incidence of COVID-19 in heart and lung transplant patients, with most patients already practicing isolation measures prior to the pandemic and further strengthening them. Some patients were afraid of the virus, while others believed it could have a negative impact on their graft outcomes.

TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Predicting a Prolonged Air Leak After Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery, Is It Really Possible?

Francesco Zaraca, Marco Pipitone, Birgit Feil, Reinhold Perkmann, Luca Bertolaccini, Carlo Curcio, Roberto Crisci

SEMINARS IN THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY (2021)

Article Infectious Diseases

Incidence and risk factors for respiratory tract bacterial colonization and infection in lung transplant recipients

L. Paglicci, V. Borgo, N. Lanzarone, M. Fabbiani, C. Cassol, MG. Cusi, M. Valassina, S. Scolletta, E. Bargagli, L. Marchetti, P. Paladini, L. Luzzi, A. Fossi, D. Bennett, F. Montagnani

Summary: The study evaluated the incidence and risk factors for respiratory bacterial colonization and infections within 30 days post lung transplantation. Factors such as bilateral lung transplantation, chronic heart diseases, peptic diseases, and duration of aerosol prophylaxis were found to influence the risk of bacterial colonization. Patients with COPD and higher BMI had a lower risk of bacterial infection, while those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) had a higher risk of multi-drug resistant (MDR) infection. Stratifying the risk of post-transplant respiratory infections based on several factors could help in prevention strategies.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

Article Oncology

Drug-repositioning screening identified fludarabine and risedronic acid as potential therapeutic compounds for malignant pleural mesothelioma

Irene Dell'Anno, Sarah A. Martin, Marcella Barbarino, Alessandra Melani, Roberto Silvestri, Maria Bottaro, Elisa Paolicchi, Alda Corrado, Monica Cipollini, Ombretta Melaiu, Antonio Giordano, Luca Luzzi, Federica Gemignani, Stefano Landi

Summary: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a fatal disease mainly caused by asbestos exposure, with effective therapies lacking. Through drug screening, it was found that F-araA and RIS have cytotoxic effects in MPM cells, with F-araA specifically inhibiting proliferation and colony formation by targeting STAT1 expression and nucleic acids synthesis. Further experiments are needed to fully explore the potential therapeutic effects of F-araA in MPM and other tumor types.

INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUGS (2021)

Article Respiratory System

The Role of Galectins in Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction

Miriana D'Alessandro, Laura Bergantini, Antonella Fossi, Elda De Vita, Felice Perillo, Luca Luzzi, Piero Paladini, Piersante Sestini, Paola Rottoli, Elena Bargagli, David Bennett

Summary: This study found that galectin-1 concentrations were higher in lung transplant patients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) and may serve as clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Galectin-3 showed a negative correlation with DLCO% and KCO% in stable lung transplant patients, while Gal-9 showed a positive correlation with KCO%.
Article Cell Biology

Regulatory and Effector Cell Disequilibrium in Patients with Acute Cellular Rejection and Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation: Comparison of Peripheral and Alveolar Distribution

Laura Bergantini, Miriana d'Alessandro, Elda De Vita, Felice Perillo, Antonella Fossi, Luca Luzzi, Piero Paladini, Anna Perrone, Paola Rottoli, Piersante Sestini, Elena Bargagli, David Bennett

Summary: In acute rejection (AR) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction, the balance between immune cells is different, with a predominance of Th17 cells subtypes and depletion of Tregs observed in AR patients. Understanding the balance between regulatory and effector cells can effectively discriminate patients' immunological status.

CELLS (2021)

Review Environmental Sciences

Lung Cancer Imaging: Screening Result and Nodule Management

Susanna Guerrini, Davide Del Roscio, Matteo Zanoni, Paolo Cameli, Elena Bargagli, Luca Volterrani, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Luca Luzzi

Summary: This systematic review provides evidence and guidelines for lung cancer screening and nodule management. The use of CT in lung cancer screening is validated, and the integration and implementation of nodule management protocols can improve screening outcomes.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2022)

Article Oncology

HRCT predictors of GGO surgical resection: Histopathological and molecular correlation in the era of lung sparing surgery

L. Volterrani, S. Guerrini, E. Zanfrini, A. Grassi, E. Addamo, F. Mathieu, F. Gentili, C. Bellan, D. Spina, M. A. Mazzei, L. Luzzi

Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between radiological features and the biological behavior of ground-glass pulmonary opacities (GGOs) and identify radiological predictors for surgical resection type and lymphadenectomy extent. The study found significant correlations between GGOs on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and lepidic component, tumor grading, and Ki67 expression. Pure and part-solid GGOs could benefit from less invasive and lung sparing surgery with just nodal sampling.

LUNG CANCER (2022)

Article Respiratory System

Cytomegalovirus Infection Is Associated with Development of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction

David Bennett, Laura Bergantini, Pierluigi Ferrara, Maria Grazia Cusi, Sabino Scolletta, Francesca Montagnani, Piero Paladini, Piersante Sestini, Rosa Metella Refini, Luca Luzzi, Antonella Fossi, Elena Bargagli

Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological aspects of CMV infection in lung transplant patients subject to a pre-emptive anti-CMV approach and to study the impact of this infection on lung transplant outcome, in terms of onset of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). CMV infection was confirmed to be a common event in lung transplant patients, particularly in the first three months after transplant. It had a negative impact on transplant outcome, being a major risk factor for CLAD.
Article Biology

Characterization of NKG2-A/-C, Kir and CD57 on NK Cells Stimulated with pp65 and IE-1 Antigens in Patients Awaiting Lung Transplant

Laura Bergantini, Miriana d'Alessandro, Ambra Otranto, Dalila Cavallaro, Sara Gangi, Antonella Fossi, Felice Perillo, Luca Luzzi, Edoardo Zanfrini, Piero Paladini, Piersante Sestini, Paola Rottoli, Elena Bargagli, David Bennett

Summary: This study investigated the NK and T cell subsets of patients awaiting lung transplant and their immunological response to CMV infection. The researchers found that QuantiFERON (QF) testing was more accurate than serology in detecting patients who were able to respond to viral infection. QF+ patients showed better proliferative capability and increased levels of certain cellular subsets.

LIFE-BASEL (2022)

Article Oncology

Analysis of Primary Cilium Expression and Hedgehog Pathway Activation in Mesothelioma Throws Back Its Complex Biology

Marcella Barbarino, Maria Bottaro, Laura Spagnoletti, Maria Margherita de Santi, Raffaella Guazzo, Chiara Defraia, Cosimo Custoza, Gabriella Serio, Francesco Iannelli, Matilde Pesetti, Raffaele Aiello, Diletta Rosati, Edoardo Zanfrini, Luca Luzzi, Cristiana Bellan, Antonio Giordano

Summary: Primary cilium is a cellular organelle found on almost all mammalian cells, which transduces signals and regulates various physiological pathways. Dysfunction in primary cilium is associated with pathologic conditions including cancer. This study focused on the role of primary cilium in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and uncovered evidence of a PC-independent regulation of Hh signaling in MPM.

CANCERS (2022)

Article Immunology

Immune checkpoint analysis of T-cell responses to pp65 and IE-1 antigens in end-stage lung diseases

Laura Bergantini, Miriana d'Alessandro, Dalila Cavallaro, Elena Pordon, Lucia Cassai, Sara Gangi, Federica Meloni, Francesca Montagnani, Piero Paladini, Rosa Metella Refini, Luca Luzzi, Antonella Fossi, Elena Bargagli, David Bennett

Summary: Lung transplant (LTX) patients are prone to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which is associated with high mortality and morbidity. This study compared immune checkpoints and activation markers expression in pre-LTX patients and healthy subjects. The findings suggest immune dysregulation in pre-LTX patients, particularly in relation to immune checkpoint cell biology.

SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2023)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Markers of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome after Lung Transplant: Between Old Knowledge and Future Perspective

Dalila Cavallaro, Marco Guerrieri, Stefano Cattelan, Gaia Fabbri, Sara Croce, Martina Armati, David Bennett, Antonella Fossi, Luca Voltolini, Luca Luzzi, Alberto Salvicchi, Piero Paladini, Adriano Peris, Miriana d'Alessandro, Paolo Cameli, Elena Bargagli, Tuscany Transplant Group, Laura Bergantini

Summary: Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome is the most common form of CLAD, and its pathogenesis and markers play a crucial role in early diagnosis and treatment.

BIOMEDICINES (2022)

Article Surgery

Survival After Lung Transplantation for Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: Results From a Large International Cohort Study

Mario Nosotti, Miguel Leiva-Juarez, Frank D'Ovidio, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Laurens Ceulemans, Shaf Keshavjee, Mindaugas Rackauskas, Piero Paladini, Luca Luzzi, Paula Moreno Casado, Antonio Alvarez, Ilhan Inci, Jonas Ehrsam, Thorsten Krueger, Andrey Roth, Federico Rea, Marco Schiavon, Lorenzo Rosso

Summary: Repeated exposure to antigens through inhalation is the main cause of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, a type of interstitial pneumonia. This study examined the outcomes of lung transplantation in patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, revealing a high survival rate and suggesting that these patients are good candidates for lung transplantation.

TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL (2022)

Meeting Abstract Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Clinical Impact of the Lung Allocation Policy: A Nationwide Study

A. Bertani, M. Schiavon, M. Boffini, L. Rosso, M. Nosotti, L. Luzzi, G. Dolci, M. Colledan, D. Diso, F. Meloni, F. Parisi, L. Masiero, D. Peritore, M. Cardillo

JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

No Data Available