Article
Food Science & Technology
Monika Krahulcova, Barbora Micajova, Petra Olejnikova, Klara Cverenkarova, Lucia Birosova
Summary: Among consumers in Slovakia, smoothies are becoming increasingly popular and their microbiological safety depends on hygiene standards. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were found in at least one fresh bar in the sampled smoothies, with coliform bacteria prevailing, particularly in green smoothies or juices with more vegetable ingredients. The most effective way to decrease bacterial counts in the final product was found to be washing ingredients with a biocide agent containing silver and hydrogen peroxide.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhen Bi, Ge Song, Xiaoming Sun
Summary: The responses of anammox consortia to antibiotics SDZ and CTC were evaluated in terms of general performance, microbial activity, diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The results showed that the consortia had great resistance to SDZ but were heavily affected by CTC. The presence of ARGs, particularly in Ca. Brocadia bacteria, played a significant role in the resistance mechanism.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu Yang, Shenglan Chen, Xiaoxuan Wu, Li Peng, Juan Vilchez, Richa Kaushal, Xiaomin Liu, Sunil K. Singh, Danxia He, Fengtong Yuan, Suhui Lv, Rafael J. L. Morcillo, Wei Wang, Weichang Huang, Mingguang Lei, Jian-Kang Zhu, Paul W. Pare, Huiming Zhang
Summary: A forward genetic screening isolated an Arabidopsis mutant with a loss of plant-rhizobacteria mutualism, leading to the disclosure of a plant latent defense response (LDR) to microbial non-pathogenic factors (NPFs). The activation of LDR in the mutant, triggered by several non-pathogenic volatile organic compounds, antagonizes plant compatibility with the beneficial bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03, mediated through the prokaryotic pathway of chloroplastic lipid biosynthesis. This hidden layer of defense provides a mechanism for controlling compatibility with commensal or beneficial microbes parallel to the frontline immunity to microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs).
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Hao Yang, Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro, Hong Gao, Yao Ren, Ruijie Deng
Summary: Pathogenic biosafety is a global concern, and there is a high demand for precise, rapid, and field-deployable tools for analyzing pathogenic biosafety. Recently developed biotechnological tools, especially those utilizing CRISPR/Cas systems coupled with nanotechnologies, have great potential for point-of-care testing of pathogen infection. This review introduces the working principle of class II CRISPR/Cas systems for detecting biomarkers, summarizes the applications of CRISPR tools in detecting pathogens and profiling their genotypes or phenotypes, and discusses the challenges and opportunities of CRISPR-based biosensors in pathogenic biosafety analysis.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Lakshmaiah Manjunatha, Hosahatti Rajashekara, Leela Saisree Uppala, Dasannanamalige Siddesh Ambika, Balanagouda Patil, Kodegandlu Subbanna Shankarappa, Vishnu Sukumari Nath, Tiptur Rooplanaik Kavitha, Ajay Kumar Mishra
Summary: Plant viral diseases are a major constraint for agricultural and horticultural crops, causing significant yield losses worldwide. Conventional methods are insufficient in eliminating viral load in infected plants. Identifying promising and sustainable management strategies for economically important plant viral diseases is critical. This review highlights the importance of using ribonucleases, beneficial microbial organisms, and defensive substances to suppress viral infection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Aurelia Chis, Luca Liviu Rus, Claudiu Morgovan, Anca Maria Arseniu, Adina Frum, Andreea Loredana Vonica-Tincu, Felicia Gabriela Gligor, Maria Lucia Muresan, Carmen Maximiliana Dobrea
Summary: The effectiveness of antibiotics is severely impacted by antimicrobial resistance, with multidrug-resistant pathogens being a major public health concern. The main mechanisms by which bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics include altering drug targets, preventing drug entry into cells, efflux pumps, or drug inactivation. Understanding and predicting resistance patterns can lead to better selection of active antibiotics for treating multidrug-resistant infections.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuai Zhang, Xingxiang Liu, Pengxiang Qiu, Bin Chen, Chenmin Xu, Weiliang Dong, Tao Liu
Summary: This study investigates the selective capture of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) and bacterial assemblages by different materials and sizes of microplastics (MPs). The results show that MPs can selectively enrich intracellular and extracellular ARGs, as well as affect the formation of bacterial communities in wastewater.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hong Liu, Hui Wang, Xiao Lan Liao, Bida Gao, Xun Lu, Donghui Sun, Weijie Gong, Jie Zhong, Hongjian Zhu, Xianting Pan, Li Guo, Xing Wang Deng, Qian Zhou
Summary: This study reports the identification and characterization of a mycovirus SlAV1 isolated from the necrotropic plant pathogen Stemphylium lycopersici. SlAV1 interferes with the biosynthesis of Altersolanol A, a polyketide phytotoxin, resulting in altered colony pigmentation and reduced virulence of the fungus. Furthermore, transgenic expression of the open-reading frame 3 (ORF3) of SlAV1 in other plant pathogenic fungi enhances the resistance of plants against virulent strains, suggesting the potential of mycovirus-integrated fungi as biocontrol agents.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Masita Arip, Malarvili Selvaraja, R. Mogana, Lee Fang Tan, Mun Yee Leong, Puay Luan Tan, Vi Lien Yap, Sasikala Chinnapan, Ng Chin Tat, Maha Abdullah, K. Dharmendra, Najwan Jubair
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health problem that requires multilevel attention and global cooperation. Plant metabolites have been widely studied for their antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic effects, and they work synergistically with conventional antibiotics to enhance antimicrobial effects.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
He Sun, Anna Schnurer, Bettina Mueller, Bettina Moessnang, Michael Lebuhn, Oliwia Makarewicz
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, and anaerobic digestion processes can potentially transmit antimicrobial resistant contaminants, including bacteria and genes, through the use of plant-based substrates. This study examined three biogas plants to assess the presence of antimicrobial resistance in plant-based substrates and found that while the bacterial community mainly consisted of Gram-positive bacteria, antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmids were present, indicating the existence of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. However, digestates had lower levels of antimicrobial resistance than the substrates themselves. Thus, plant-based substrates should be considered in agricultural biogas processing to address the issue of antimicrobial resistance.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Micaela Oliveira, Ines Carvalho Leonardo, Monica Nunes, Ana Filipa Silva, Maria Teresa Barreto Crespo
Summary: Carbapenem resistant bacteria isolated from a wastewater treatment plant showed distinct resistance mechanisms, with potentially environmental isolates having mainly intrinsic resistance mechanisms and potentially pathogenic isolates having acquired resistance genes. The potentially pathogenic isolates exhibited multi-resistance phenotypes and a broad diversity of acquired antibiotic resistance genes, highlighting the complexity of antibiotic resistance in the environment.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Okugbe Ebiotubo Ohore, Songhe Zhang, Shaozhuang Guo, Felix Gyawu Addo, Benjamin Manirakiza, Wenjun Zhang
Summary: The study showed that Vallisneria spiralis has a strong adsorption capacity for CIP, and that CIP can have a prolonged impact on epiphytic biofilm microbial communities.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Marie Verhaegen, Thomas Bergot, Ernesto Liebana, Giuseppe Stancanelli, Franz Streissl, Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq, Jacques Mahillon, Claude Bragard
Summary: Despite widespread use of antibiotics for controlling bacterial plant diseases, concerns remain about their impact on antibiotic and multidrug resistances. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been found in plant pathogenic bacteria (PPB), with streptomycin resistance genes being most common. The potential role of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in spreading ARGs among PPB and other bacteria needs further exploration. Tn5393, a well-documented ARGs vector in PPB, has also been found in human pathogens, causing additional concern. This review highlights the importance of studying ARGs and MGEs in PPB and the potential role of antibiotic use in resistance selection.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maria Foti, Rosario Grasso, Vittorio Fisichella, Antonietta Mascetti, Marco Colnaghi, Maria Grasso, Maria Teresa Spena
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the levels of drug resistance among 413 Gram-negative and 183 Gram-positive bacteria isolated from six bat populations in Sicilian and Calabrian territory (Italy). The results showed high resistance and the presence of multi-drug-resistant strains.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aiguo Zhou, Shaolin Xie, Huijuan Tang, Li Zhang, Yue Zhang, Zhiheng Zuo, Xiang Li, Wenyu Zhao, Guohuan Xu, Jixing Zou
Summary: The study revealed different bacterial community characteristics at different culture stages of great grass carp ponds, with a higher abundance of potential pathogens and mobile elements in the larvae culture stage. Environmental factors such as temperature, stocking density, pH, and transparency significantly impact both microbial communities and potential pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, a wide distribution and high enrichment of antibiotic resistance bacteria and genes were identified in aquaculture production.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan, Pavana K. Sivadasan Unni, Sengodan Karthi, Raja Ganesan, Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan, Muthiah Chellappandian, Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan, Rajakrishnan Rajagopal, Krutmuang Patcharin
Summary: This study investigates the phyto-chemical screening and toxicity of chloroform crude extracts from Ageratum conyzoides on the pest Spodoptera litura and beneficial earthworm. The results show that the extract is toxic to the pest and has adverse effects on larval-pupal growth and development. However, it is less toxic to non-target earthworms.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Govindan Rajivgandhi, Chenthis Kanisha Chelliah, Manavalan Murugan, Govindan Ramachandran, Gnanasekaran Chackaravarthi, Muthuchamy Maruthupandy, Franck Quero, Arulraj Arunachalam, Mangalaraja Ramalinga Viswanathan, Jamal M. Khaled, Fetim S. AlHarbi, Wen-Jun Li
Summary: This study focuses on the screening and analysis of phytochemical and bioactive compounds from the marine mangrove plant Avicennia marina. The results confirm the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and bactericidal activities of the plant extract. The findings suggest that A. marina has the potential to be a future drug discovery plant against multidrug resistant pathogens.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohd Javed Akhtar, Maqusood Ahamed, Hisham Alhadlaq
Summary: This study compares the effects of two types of cobalt-based nanoparticles on lung cells and finds that cobalt nanoparticles are more toxic to cells than cobalt-iron oxide nanoparticles, possibly due to the higher release of Co2+ ions by cobalt nanoparticles. Additionally, the study suggests that CalceinAM alone is insufficient to assess the toxicity of cobalt-based nanoparticles, and other methods should be used for further confirmation.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah, Mohammed Asif Ahmed, Khizar Hayat, Fohad Mabood Husain, Shaista Arzoo, Abdulhakeem Alzahrani, Asdaf Alotaibi, Heba Khalil Alyahya, Syed Rizwan Ahmad
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different drying methods on the polyphenol and flavonoid content, as well as the antioxidant properties of rose petals. The results showed that oven-dried samples had the highest levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, as well as the strongest antioxidant activity.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. Bharathi, S. Nandhini
Summary: This paper considers a single-server queue model with Modified Bernoulli Vacation. The server offers Compulsory Service and Non-Compulsory Re-service. The Probability Generating Function for the system is derived using the Supplementary Variable Method, and numerical examples are discussed to demonstrate the impact of system parameters.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raju Suresh Kumar, Dhaifallah M. Al-thamili, Khloud Ibrahim Al-Shemaimari, Faruq Mohammad, Mohamad Altaf, Rashid Ayub
Summary: Eight new functionalized spirooxindole-pyrrolizidine heterocyclic hybrids have been synthesized and characterized. The compound with no substitution on the aryl rings displayed the highest anticancer activity. The most active compounds were further tested for toxicity effects and their impact on cell viability was investigated by assaying free radicals, apoptosis, and caspases.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alaa Ali Hameed
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the integration of hyperspectral sensors and artificial intelligence. It proposes a hybrid strategy that combines BPVAM with PCA for the classification of hyperspectral images and demonstrates that this model is efficient for hyperspectral sensor classification.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Muzaffar Ali Khan Khattak, Nor Azwani Mohd-Shukri, Tahir Mahmood, Mukhtar Ahmed, Syed Najmul Hejaz Azmi, Mahboob Alam, Murni Nazira Sarian, Qamar Uddin Ahmed
Summary: This research aimed to evaluate the effect of mixed herbs on blood HbA1c and liver function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The results showed that the consumption of mixed herbs improved HbA1c levels without significant changes in blood urea, creatinine, and liver enzymes.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natarajan Arumugam, Khloud Ibrahim Al-Shemaimari, Mohammad Altaf, Karuppiah Ponmurugan, Dhanaraj Premnath, Sinouvassane Djearamane, Ling Shing Wong, Saminathan Kayarohanam
Summary: This study synthesized a new class of spiro compounds as potential antibiotics and evaluated their antimicrobial efficacy. Compound 4a showed significant activity against tested pathogens. This research is important for the development of effective antimicrobial therapies.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zsolt Giczi, Beatrix Sik, Viktoria Kapcsandi, Erika Lakatos, Angela Mrazik, Rita Szekelyhidi
Summary: This study examined the composition of micro- and macroelements, total antioxidant, and polyphenols in different types of dried houseleek and fresh plant decoctions. The results showed that the type of houseleek greatly influenced the composition. Mn was present in high amounts among microelements, while Ca and Na were present in larger quantities among macroelements. The drying methods had some influence on the antioxidant and polyphenol content.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eunjeong Jeon, Sangbuem Cho, Seongsoo Hwang, Kwanghyun Cho, Cedric Gondro, Nag-Jin Choi
Summary: A body weight prediction model was developed using milk production traits, providing a useful indicator for energy balance evaluation in dairy cows. The deep neural network (DNN) model showed the best predictive accuracy for body weight compared to other models. It was found that the transition from negative to positive energy balance varied among cows. Energy balance indexes were proposed to estimate and monitor individual cows' energy balance during lactation.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sohail Rehman, Souhail Bouzgarrou, Mehdi Akermi, Hashim
Summary: This study investigates the steady flow of viscoelastic fluid in a deformable channel. The mathematical structure for computing the impacts of fluid viscoelasticity on the flow is provided, and the dimensionless variables influencing the interaction between the fluid and structure are identified. The results show that the converging and diverging sections of the channel are affected similarly by the inertial forces and channel opening. Longer strain delaying time and shorter stress relaxation phase improve the velocity profile of the fluid flow.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Umar Ijaz, Syeda Sania Zahara, Moazama Batool, Mikhlid H. Almutairi, Ayesha Ishtiaq, Asma Ashraf
Summary: This experiment evaluated the therapeutic effects of Kaempferide (KMF) on Paraquat (PQ) induced cardiac toxicity in rats. The findings showed that KMF alleviated the cardiac damage caused by PQ through reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Saganuwan Alhaji Saganuwan, Otiger Fredrick Egworrow, Agbo Joseph Ode
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2024)