Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
Volume 1859, Issue 7, Pages 860-870Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.05.004
Keywords
Curly leaf; Histone code; Physcomitrella patens; SET domain; H3K27 methylation; Epigenetic regulation
Categories
Funding
- matching Tel-Aviv University Deans doctoral fellowship
- Manna foundation
- MEXT
- JSPS KAKENHI
- JST ERATO grant
- Excellence Initiative of the German Federal and States Governments
- German Israeli Foundation (GIF) [154/2008]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16H06378] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Packaging of eukaryotic DNA largely depends on histone modifications that affect the accessibility of DNA to transcriptional regulators, thus controlling gene expression. The Polycomb group (PcG) chromatin remodeling complex deposits a methyl group on lysine 27 of histone 3 leading to repressed gene expression. Plants encode homologs of the Enhancer of zeste (E(z)), a component of the PcG complex from Drosophila, one of which is a SET domain protein designated CURLY LEAF (CLF). Although this SET domain protein exhibits a strong correlation with the presence of the H3K27me3 mark in plants, the methyl-transferase activity and specificity of its SET domain have not been directly tested in-vivo. Using the evolutionary early-diverged land plant model species Physcomitrella patens we show that abolishment of a single copy gene PpCLF, as well as an additional member of the PcG complex, FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM (PpFIE), results in a specific loss of tri-methylation of H3K27. Using site-directed mutagenesis of key residues, we revealed that H3K27 tri-methylation is mediated by the SET domain of the CLF protein. Moreover, the abolishment of H3K27me3 led to enhanced expression of transcription factor genes. This in turn led to the development of fertilization-independent sporophyte-like structures, as observed in PpCLF and PpFIE null mutants. Overall, our results demonstrate the role of PpCLF as a SET protein in tri-methylation of H3K27 in-vivo and the importance of this modification in regulating the expression of transcription factor genes involved in developmental programs of P. patens. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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