Journal
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02171
Keywords
central nervous system; adaptive immune system; CD4(+) T cells; neurological disorders; regeneration
Categories
Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/N003721/1]
- Department for the Economy
- ECTRIMS postdoctoral fellowship
- Wellcome Trust [110138/Z/15/Z]
- Wellcome Trust [110138/Z/15/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
- BBSRC [BB/N003721/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Pathogenic mechanisms of T cells in several central nervous system (CNS) disorders are well-established. However, more recent studies have uncovered compelling beneficial roles of T cells in neurological diseases, ranging from tissue protection to regeneration. These divergent functions arise due to the diversity of T cell subsets, particularly CD4(+) T cells. Here, we review the beneficial impact of T cell subsets in a range of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke, and CNS trauma. Both T cell-secreted mediators and direct cell contact-dependent mechanisms deliver neuroprotective, neuroregenerative and immunomodulatory signals in these settings. Understanding the molecular details of these beneficial T cell mechanisms will provide novel targets for therapeutic exploitation that can be applied to a range of neurological disorders.
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