Journal
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
Volume 155, Issue -, Pages 79-85Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.07.006
Keywords
Interstitial lung disease; Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Connective tissue disease; Sarcoidosis
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been emerging as an imaging modality to assess interstitial lung diseases (ILD). An optimal chest MRI protocol for ILDs should include non-contrast breath-holding sequences, steady-state free-precession sequences, and contrast-enhanced sequences. One of the main MRI applications in ILDs is the differentiation between areas of active inflammation (i.e. reversible stage) and fibrosis. Alveolitis presents high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences (WS) and early-enhancement on contrast-enhanced MR sequences, while fibrotic-predominant lesions present low signal and late-enhancement in these sequences, respectively. MRI can be useful in connective tissue diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and sarcoidosis. The aim of this state-of-the-art review was to perform a state-of-the-art review on the use of MRI in ILDs, and propose the optimal MRI protocols for imaging ILDs.
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