4.3 Article

An essay on periodic tables

Journal

PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
Volume 91, Issue 12, Pages 1959-1967

Publisher

WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0801

Keywords

analogies between elements; chemical bonding; lanthanides; Mendeleev 150; periodic tables; secondary periodicity; superheavy elements

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After a compact history of the PT, from Dobereiner's triads to the theoretical predictions up to element 172, a number of particular issues is discussed: Why may Z = 172 be a limit for stable electron shells? What are the expected stability limits of the nuclear isotopes? When are formally empty atomic orbitals used in molecular electronic structures? What is 'Secondary Periodicity'? When do the elements (Ir, Pt, Au), at the end of a bond, simulate (N, O, I), respectively? Some new suggestions for alternative PTs are commented upon. As a local connection, Johan Gadolin's 1794 analysis of the Ytterby mineral is mentioned.

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