Article
Immunology
Yong Kwan Lim, Oh Joo Kweon, Hye Ryoun Kim, Tae-Hyoung Kim, Ah Ra Cho, Mi-Kyung Lee
Summary: The EuDxTM ufPCR Flu & RSV Detection Kit is a newly developed molecular assay for detecting influenza A/B and RSV simultaneously. The evaluation of this assay in a clinical setting has shown its excellent performance in diagnosing influenza A/B and RSV infections.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Katherine M. Begley, Arnold S. Monto, Lois E. Lamerato, Anurag N. Malani, Adam S. Lauring, H. Keipp Talbot, Manjusha Gaglani, Tresa McNeal, Fernanda P. Silveira, Richard K. Zimmerman, Donald B. Middleton, Shekhar Ghamande, Kempapura Murthy, Lindsay Kim, Jill M. Ferdinands, Manish M. Patel, Emily T. Martin
Summary: In this study, adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were found to have worse outcomes compared with influenza. They were more likely to have cardiopulmonary comorbidities, experience a longer stay, and require mechanical ventilation. This study highlights the importance of RSV surveillance and informs future vaccination strategies.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tristan W. Clark, Kate R. Beard, Nathan J. Brendish, Ahalya K. Malachira, Samuel Mills, Cathleen Chan, Stephen Poole, Sean Ewings, Nick Cortes, Esther Nyimbili, Laura Presland
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of mPOCT on influenza detection and clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients. The results showed that the mPOCT group had a higher rate of influenza detection, more timely and appropriate antiviral treatment, and isolation facility use, which contributed to improved clinical outcomes.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
A. Chamseddine, N. Soudani, Z. Kanafani, I Alameddine, G. Dbaibo, H. Zaraket, M. El-Fadel
Summary: The study found that influenza virus can be aerosolized beyond 1 meter in patient rooms, with distance and days after hospital admission influencing the positivity rate of the virus in air samples. Only three patients with RSV infection were recruited, and none of them were emitters.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Diego R. Hijano, Jose A. Ferrolino, Jennifer Hidinger, Jessica N. Brazelton, Zhengming Gu, Sri Suganda, Heather L. Glasgow, Kim J. Allison, Megan Peterson, Ronald H. Dallas, Gabriela Maron, Randall T. Hayden
Summary: Immunocompromised patients are at risk of life-threatening adenoviral infection. A digital polymerase chain reaction assay was developed and evaluated to measure human adenovirus in the respiratory tract, demonstrating that a higher peak viral load is associated with disseminated infection, mechanical ventilation, and death.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Genta Ito, Takahiro Takazono, Naoki Hosogaya, Naoki Iwanaga, Shogo Miyazawa, Satoki Fujita, Hideaki Watanabe, Hiroshi Mukae
Summary: This retrospective observational study evaluated the factors influencing the start date of the influenza epidemic season and the total number of infected persons per 1,000,000 population in 47 prefectures of Japan. Using a Japanese health insurance claims database, single and multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between the start time of the epidemic and various factors such as absolute humidity, total visitors, and total population. The study found that the earlier the climate became suitable for virus transmission and the higher the human mobility, the earlier the epidemic season tended to begin.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Joseph P. McGinley, Gu Lung Lin, Deniz Oner, Tanya Golubchik, Daniel O'Connor, Matthew D. Snape, Olivier Gruselle, Annefleur C. Langedijk, Joanne Wildenbeest, Peter Openshaw, Harish Nair, Jeroen Aerssens, Louis Bont, Federico Martinon-Torres, Simon B. Drysdale, Andrew J. Pollard
Summary: The study evaluated the association between the severity of RSV disease and host age, viral load, and RSV subtypes. Younger infants were more likely to have severe RSV disease, while older infants, higher viral load, and RSV-A were associated with fever. RSV-A and RSV-B caused similar disease severity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chunyan Niu, Lianhua Dong, Jiejie Zhang, Di Wang, Yunhua Gao
Summary: Nucleic acid testing is an effective method for detecting pathogens, and reference materials for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have been developed to improve the reliability of RSV testing. These reference materials contain RNA with specific genes of RSV and a duplex reverse transcription digital PCR method was established with specific detection limits for RSV-A and RSV-B. The certified values and uncertainties of the reference materials were determined, and they can be used to evaluate the performance of RSV detection assays.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Thuy Phan, Ngoc Yen Kim Tran, Thomas Gottlieb, Steven Siarakas, Genevieve McKew
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, sample pooling has been proven effective in increasing testing capacity and reducing reagent usage. This study evaluated the performance of influenza and RSV targets in the AusDiagnostics SARS-CoV-2, Influenza and RSV 8-well assay and investigated the impact of sample pooling on target detection. The results showed that sample pooling can improve testing efficiency and reduce reagent consumption.
Article
Virology
Jessica Santiago Cruz, Luciano Kleber de Souza Luna, Vitoria Rodrigues Guimaraes Alves, Danielle Dias Conte, Nancy Cristina Junqueira Bellei
Summary: RSV plays a significant role in acute respiratory infections among children. Viral load may impact disease severity and clinical presentation. Age and coinfection with other pathogens can also influence RSV infection outcomes.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anna C. Nilsson, John Pullman, Piotr Napora, Kleber Luz, Anil Gupta, Jorge Draghi, Ana Karla Guzman Romero, Naresh Aggarwal, Galina Petrova, Juliana Ianus, Leen Vijgen, Jane Scott, Rekha Sinha, Sarah Rusch, Dymphy Huntjens, Kristi Bertzos, OSE Study Grp
Summary: This study assessed the antiviral effect, clinical outcomes, and safety of rilematovir in non-hospitalized RSV-infected adults. The results suggest that early use of rilematovir may have potential clinical benefits in adults with RSV infection, supporting the development of therapeutic options for RSV.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emalie K. Hayes, Madison T. Gouthro, Jason J. LeBlanc, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: A multiplex RT-qPCR-based method was designed for simultaneous detection of influenza A, SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus, and measles virus. The method had comparable sensitivity and linearity to monoplex assays. The assay's performance was validated in the field using wastewater and passive samples, showing accurate estimation of viral loads and suggesting potential improvement with more sensitive sampling methods.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Liang Chen, Xiudi Han, YanLi Li, Chunxiao Zhang, Xiqian Xing
Summary: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and severity between adults with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV-p) and influenza-related pneumonia (Flu-p). The findings showed that severe outcomes, such as invasive ventilation, ICU admission, and 30-day mortality, were significantly higher in FluA-p compared to RSV-p, while FluB-p was comparable to RSV-p in terms of risk.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Aili Cui, Zhibo Xie, Jing Xu, Kongxin Hu, Runan Zhu, Zhong Li, Yan Li, Liwei Sun, Xingyu Xiang, Baoping Xu, Rongbo Zhang, Zhenguo Gao, Yan Zhang, Wenbo Xu
Summary: A comparative analysis was conducted to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV). HIFV infection mainly occurred in adults, while HRSV and HMPV infections were more common in children. HRSV and HMPV had similar clinical manifestations, while HIFV mainly presented as upper respiratory infection. Coinfection with these viruses may increase the risk of pneumonia in HIFV cases. The positive rates and seasonal patterns of these viruses changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alaa Atamna, Tanya Babich, Dafi Froimovici, Dafna Yahav, Nadav Sorek, Haim Ben-Zvi, Leonard Leibovici, Jihad Bishara, Tomer Avni
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed RSV and patients with influenza infection, finding that RSV patients had higher rates of complications and were more prone to pneumonia. Hypoalbuminemia, reduced room-air saturation, and RSV infection were identified as predictors of complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luan D. Vu, Anh T. Q. Phan, Diego R. Hijano, David T. Siefker, Heather Tillman, Stephania A. Cormier
Summary: This study demonstrates that IL-1 beta positively regulates but is not required for RSV-induced expression of pulmonary IL-33 in neonatal mice, while IL-10 exacerbates IL-33-mediated immunopathogenesis upon reinfection. The findings suggest that targeting IL-33 may be a potential therapy for respiratory viral infections.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Philip A. Mudd, Anastasia A. Minervina, Mikhail Pogorelyy, Jackson S. Turner, Wooseob Kim, Elizaveta Kalaidina, Jan Petersen, Aaron J. Schmitz, Tingting Lei, Alem Haile, Allison M. Kirk, Robert C. Mettelman, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Thi H. O. Nguyen, Louise C. Rowntree, Elisa Rosati, Katherine A. Richards, Andrea J. Sant, Michael K. Klebert, Teresa Suessen, William D. Middleton, Joshua Wolf, Sharlene A. Teefey, Jane A. O'Halloran, Rachel M. Presti, Katherine Kedzierska, Jamie Rossjohn, Paul G. Thomas, Ali H. Ellebedy
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce potent immune responses, including antibodies and CD4(+) T cell responses. Research has found that vaccine-induced follicular helper CD4(+) T cell responses play a key role in establishing long-term immunity.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sarah A. Morris, Kristine R. Crews, Randall T. Hayden, Clifford M. Takemoto, Wenjian Yang, Donald K. Baker, Ulrich Broeckel, Mary Relling, Cyrine E. Haidar
Summary: G6PD deficiency is a common enzyme disorder associated with hemolytic anemia. Clinical G6PD genotyping and activity testing are two commonly used methods that can be used together to determine the G6PD phenotype more accurately.
PHARMACOGENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Craig H. Gilliam, Jessica Brazelton de Cardenas, Delia Carias, Gaby Maron Alfaro, Randall T. Hayden, Hana Hakim
Summary: This article describes a cluster of 6 pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant recipients who developed Lactobacillus bacteremia attributed to the use of probiotics. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed the relatedness between Lactobacillus isolates obtained from probiotics and patients' blood. Clinical studies are required to evaluate the safety of probiotic use in immunocompromised patients.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Diego R. Hijano, James M. Hoffman, Richard J. Webby, Li Tang, Hana Hakim, Randall T. Hayden, Aditya H. Gaur
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of a nucleic acid amplification test-based approach to shorten isolation of healthcare workers with COVID-19. The results showed that implementation of this strategy was not effective in our institution and increased costs.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Christina M. Kohler, Ana G. Quintanar Alfaro, Randall T. Hayden, Elisa B. Margolis
Summary: A quantitative PCR method has been developed to detect the Chaperonin-60 gene of Clostridioides difficile. This method is specific to C. difficile strains of clinical and epidemiological importance and enables the quantification of C. difficile cells and spores.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diego L. Hijano, James G. Hoffman, Li Tang, Stacey J. Schultz-Cherry, Paul T. Thomas, Hana H. Hakim, Richard Webby, Randall Hayden, Aditya Gaur
Summary: COVID-19 testing of asymptomatic individuals is crucial for pandemic control. A study conducted in a hospital showed that half of the COVID-19 infections were detected through an asymptomatic screening program, and a third of them remained symptom-free during follow-up. Prompt detection and isolation of these cases significantly reduced the risk of transmission. Routine testing of vaccinated asymptomatic employees has been stopped, but testing continues for those who are not vaccinated.
Article
Immunology
Ruba Barbar, Jessica N. Brazelton, Karen C. Carroll, Shawna Lewis, Dimitrios Bourdas, Anita Tembo, Linda Gluck, Hana Hakim, Randall T. Hayden
Summary: Whole genome sequencing (WGS) identified a highly diverse group of Clostridioides difficile isolates among pediatric oncology and transplant patients with C. difficile infection. WGS can provide more accurate classification of CDI compared to clinical surveillance criteria.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
R. T. Hayden
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Diego R. Hijano, Jose A. Ferrolino, Jennifer Hidinger, Jessica N. Brazelton, Zhengming Gu, Sri Suganda, Heather L. Glasgow, Kim J. Allison, Megan Peterson, Ronald H. Dallas, Gabriela Maron, Randall T. Hayden
Summary: Immunocompromised patients are at risk of life-threatening adenoviral infection. A digital polymerase chain reaction assay was developed and evaluated to measure human adenovirus in the respiratory tract, demonstrating that a higher peak viral load is associated with disseminated infection, mechanical ventilation, and death.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sandra Castejon-Ramirez, Sujittra Chaisavaneeyakorn, Jose A. Ferrolino, Kim J. Allison, Megan Peterson, Ronald H. Dallas, Ali Suliman, Randall T. Hayden, Gabriela Maron, Diego R. Hijano
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the clinical presentation and outcomes of human rhinovirus (HRV) infection in pediatric patients undergoing hemopoietic cell transplant (HCT). The results showed that HRV infection was not associated with severity of respiratory disease, need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, or mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Zachary Rubnitz, Yilun Sun, Asya Agulnik, Pamela Merritt, Kim Allison, Jose Ferrolino, Ronald Dallas, Li Tang, Joshua Wolf
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the performance of existing sepsis scores in predicting adverse outcomes in children with cancer admitted to the ICU with suspected sepsis. The results showed that all evaluated scores performed poorly, and no alternative approach significantly improved prediction.