Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Sonu, Mohit Tyagi, A. Kelkar, A. Sahu, M. Sonawane, P. S. Sarkar, A. Pandey, D. B. Sathe, G. D. Patra, T. Vincent, S. G. Singh, R. B. Bhatt
Summary: To measure the quantities of special nuclear materials (SNM) accurately, phoswich detectors combining Gd3Ga3Al2O12:Ce and CsI:Tl scintillators were used. These detectors have high efficiency, sensitivity, and discrimination ability for thermal neutrons and gammas from spontaneous fission of Pu and other isotopes in the presence of high gamma background. The linearity of low energy gammas stopped completely in 1mm thick disc of GGAG can be distinguished from high energy gammas, and the setup also shows good linearity for thermal neutron detection over a wide range. The quantity of test samples can be accurately calculated using the measured calibrated plot.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Kaiming Nie, Guan Tian, Quanmin Chen, Zeqing Wang, Jiangtao Xu, Zhiyuan Gao
Summary: This paper proposes a method to reduce the power consumption of the demodulation driver circuit by decreasing the number of driven pixels at a high modulation frequency, obtaining an accurate low-resolution depth map, and then using a super-resolution algorithm to obtain a high-resolution depth map.
Article
Optics
Vassily Kornienko, David Andersson, Mehdi Stiti, Jonas Ravelid, Simon Ek, Andreas Ehn, Edouard Berrocal, Elias Kristensson
Summary: In this paper, the authors propose a novel solution to the problem of time and spatial resolution in monitoring fast transient events. By combining multiplexed imaging with high-speed sensor technology, they are able to capture high-quality image series at two simultaneous time scales, enabling the tracking of rapidly evolving structures and the extraction of acceleration fields.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
A. Fedorov, I Komendo, A. Amelina, E. Gordienko, V Gurinovich, V Guzov, G. Dosovitskiy, V Kozhemyakin, D. Kozlov, A. Lopatik, V Mechinsky, V Retivov, V Smyslova, A. Zharova, M. Korzhik
Summary: Composite scintillation screens based on GYAGG scintillator have been evaluated for neutron detection and found to be suitable for use with silicon photomultiplier readout, providing a potential solution for compact and low-cost neutron sensors.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
V. Yu. Glebov, C. Stoeckl, C. J. Forrest, J. P. Knauer, O. M. Mannion, M. H. Romanofsky, T. C. Sangster, S. P. Regan
Summary: Traditional neutron time-of-flight detectors use scintillators and photomultiplier tubes, while a new detector design uses microchannel-plate photomultiplier tubes without scintillators to measure ion temperature and neutron velocity more accurately. Removing the scintillator from the detector results in a faster instrument response function, enhancing the accuracy of ion temperature and neutron velocity measurements.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
M. A. Wonders, M. Flaska
Summary: The development of compact and portable neutron imagers has significant implications for nuclear nonproliferation and security, with neutron scatter camera being the most compact and versatile concept. Multiplexing methods are beneficial to reduce costs and size, and facilitate widespread deployment, enabling the construction of a multiplexed neutron imager.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sungjin Hong, Nan Sun
Summary: This study presents a portable NMR system that achieves a higher IF value by utilizing different frequencies for sample excitation and LO, and introduces a new phase detection circuit that maintains a constant RX output phase. The system is demonstrated to be capable of measuring decay time constants of less than 100 µs and conducting NMR diffusion experiments effectively.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
E. V. Pagano, E. De Filippo, P. Russotto, G. Cardella, A. Castoldi, E. Geraci, B. Gnoffo, C. Guazzoni, G. Lanzalone, C. Maiolino, N. S. Martorana, A. Pagano, S. Pirrone, G. Politi, F. Risitano, F. Rizzo, M. Trimarchi
Summary: Proper detection of neutrons and charged particles is crucial for advancing our understanding of nuclear spectroscopy, reaction dynamics, and astrophysical objects. This work provides a brief overview of the Neutron Array for Correlation Studies (NArCoS), a state-of-the-art hodoscope under construction in Catania (INFN), which aims to improve neutron detection capabilities.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
J. Jeet, M. Eckart, J. Gjemso, K. Hahn, E. P. Hartouni, S. Kerr, E. Mariscal, A. S. Moore, M. Rubery, D. J. Schlossberg
Summary: This study discusses the concept of using time-resolved neutron measurements with an ellipsoidal detector in inertial confinement fusion facilities. The detector, which incorporates a solid-state Cherenkov radiator, has the potential to characterize the burn history of gamma rays. Proof-of-concept testing has shown promising results.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kalyani, Mohit Tyagi, A. K. Singh, Sonu, G. Anil Kumar
Summary: Different concentrations of Sr co-doping were grown on Eu doped LiI single crystal scintillators to improve their performance characteristics for thermal neutron detection. The major disadvantage of these scintillators is the lack of pulse shape discrimination of neutron and gamma radiations, which can be introduced with Sr co-doping. The effects of codoping on crystal structure, electronic properties, defects, luminescence, self-absorption, and scintillation properties have been studied in detail.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
D. J. Schlossberg, A. S. Moore, J. S. Kallman, M. Lowry, M. J. Eckart, E. P. Hartouni, T. J. Hilsabeck, S. M. Kerr, J. D. Kilkenny
Summary: A new method is proposed in this paper to measure time-resolved neutron energy spectra in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) plasmas. By utilizing general tomographic reconstruction techniques and Monte Carlo algorithm, the time-evolving neutron energy spectra can be reconstructed. The reconstructed spectra of the main energy peak are in good agreement with synthetic spectra, but there is more error in reconstructing the downscattered spectra.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anjusha Mathew, Joel D. Keelor, Gert B. Eijkel, Ian G. M. Anthony, Jingming Long, Jord Prangsma, Ron M. A. Heeren, Shane R. Ellis
Summary: This study presents the coupling of the TPX3 chip with a TOF MS system, resulting in improved time resolution and extended m/z detection range for ions. The additional information provided by TPX3 enhances the quality of mass spectrum in terms of signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, the imaging capabilities of TPX3 allow for spatial and temporal separation of neutral fragments.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. Agarwal, H. Budd, J. Capo, P. Chong, G. Christodoulou, M. Danilov, A. Dergacheva, A. De Roeck, N. Dokania, D. Douqa, K. Dugas, S. Fedotov, S. Gwon, R. Howell, K. Iwamoto, C. Jesus-Valls, C. K. Jung, S. P. Kasetti, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, T. Kikawa, U. Kose, Y. Kudenko, S. Kuribayashi, T. Kutter, D. Last, L. S. Lin, S. Lin, T. Lux, S. Manly, D. A. Martinez Caicedo, S. Martynenko, T. Matsubara, C. Mauger, K. McFarland, C. McGrew, A. Mefodiev, O. Mineev, T. Nakadaira, E. Noah, A. Olivier, V. Paolone, S. Palestini, A. Paul-Torres, R. Pellegrino, M. A. Ramirez, C. Riccio, J. Rodriguez Rondon, F. Sanchez, D. Sgalaberna, W. Shorrock, A. Sitraka, K. Siyeon, N. Skrobova, S. Suvorov, A. Teklu, M. Tzanov, Y. Uchida, C. Wret, G. Yang, N. Yershov, M. Yokoyama, P. Zilberman
Summary: In order to extract neutrino oscillation parameters, it is important to have detailed models of neutrino interactions with nuclei. However, the current detectors lack the ability to detect final state neutrons, causing a significant source of systematic uncertainty. A new technology called three-dimensional projection scintillator trackers has the capability to measure neutron kinetic energy in neutrino interactions on an event-by-event basis, which can provide valuable data for improving neutrino interaction models and reconstructing neutrino energy. Two prototypes of this technology have been tested at Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the measured total neutron cross section in scintillator between 98 and 688 MeV is 0.36 +/- 0.05 barn.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
N. Gaughan, J. Zhou, F. D. Becchetti, R. O. Torres-Isea, M. Febbraro, N. Zaitseva, Y. Altmann, A. Di Fulvio
Summary: Experimental characterization of deuterated trans-stilbene crystal response to quasi-monoenergetic neutrons in the 0.8 to 4.4 MeV range showed superior performance compared to other crystals of similar size, making it a viable option for fast-neutron spectroscopy in various applications.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Milos Tichy, Ondrej Huml
Summary: Five types of scintillators were tested for their ability to detect neutrons and gamma radiation in parallel. The polystyrene-based ZnS + LiF detector was found to be the most suitable for neutron-gamma separation and measuring integral quantities. Li glass and LiI crystal did not have the ability to distinguish between neutrons and gamma radiation.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jie Xu, Shuming Dou, Wei Zhou, Chao Yang, Ingo Manke, Panpan Zhang, Zhenhua Yan, Yunhua Xu, Qunhui Yuan, Yelong Zhang, Weidi Liu, Renjie Chen, Yanan Chen
Summary: This study reports a large scalable carbon nanosheets material prepared using waste plastics as precursors for anodes in potassium-ion hybrid capacitors. The anode material exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and cycling stability, promising significant potential in the field of electrochemical energy storage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Josefin Martell, Carl Alwmark, Luke Daly, Stephen Hall, Sanna Alwmark, Robin Woracek, Johan Hektor, Lukas Helfen, Alessandro Tengattini, Martin Lee
Summary: This study explores the three-dimensional distribution of hydrous phases within the nakhlite meteorite and reveals that the alteration is localized and of short duration. This implies that habitable environments could not have been sustained on Mars during the Amazonian period.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fengcheng Tang, Xia Zhang, Markus Osenberg, Chao Yang, Haifeng Huang, Andre Hilger, Masyuki Uesugi, Kentaro Uesug, Akihisa Takeuchi, Ingo Manke, Fu Sun, Libao Chen
Summary: A 3D Li-B-C-Al alloy anode is designed and fabricated to address the issues of dendritic Li growth and volume change in Li metal batteries. The prepared 3D alloy anode exhibits superior lithiophilicity and mechanical stability, and shows improved performance in comprehensive electrochemical tests. The underlying working mechanisms of the alloy anode are investigated using non-destructive and 3D synchrotron X-ray computed tomography (SX-CT) technique. The research showcases the potential application capability of the 3D alloy as an anode material for Li metal batteries and provides fundamental insights into its working mechanisms.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weiqi Yao, Jie Xu, Yongjie Cao, Yufeng Meng, Ziling Wu, Liang Zhan, Yanli Wang, Yelong Zhang, Ingo Manke, Nan Chen, Chao Yang, Renjie Chen
Summary: In this work, a twinborn ultrathin two-dimensional G-mSnO(2)/SnSe2 hybrid is constructed as a polysulfide immobilizer and lithium regulator for Li-S chemistry. The hybrid possesses high conductivity, strong chemical affinity, and provides rapid Li-intercalative transport kinetics. It inhibits shuttle behavior and Li dendrite growth, resulting in favorable electrochemical performance and long cycle life in Li-S batteries.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ala'a M. Al-Falahat, Nikolay Kardjilov, Robin Woracek, Mirko Boin, Henning Markoetter, Luise Theil Kuhn, Malgorzata Makowska, Markus Strobl, Beate Pfretzschner, John Banhart, Ingo Manke
Summary: A systematic study was conducted to investigate the effect of temperature on neutron transmission signals. The study compared experimentally determined neutron attenuation spectra for a martensitic steel at various temperatures with simulated data. The analysis showed that elastic and inelastic scattering can be distinguished based on changes in attenuation coefficients caused by temperature. This study presents a quantitative approach to understand this effect and can be used to correct measurements taken during in situ heat treatments.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Se-Ho Kim, Kang Dong, Huan Zhao, Ayman A. El-Zoka, Xuyang Zhou, Eric V. Woods, Finn Giuliani, Ingo Manke, Dierk Raabe, Baptiste Gault
Summary: By using cryo-atom probe tomography, we have discovered the degradation process between the liquid electrolyte and Si electrode. We found that the Si electrode corrodes before the charge-discharge cycles begin, and the delithiation process leads to the formation of nanograins. These nanograins are pulverized into nanoscale fragments that float in the electrolyte. The electrolyte also decomposes during this process. Understanding these microstructures is crucial for understanding the degradation of Si anodes and can potentially inform the design of new batteries.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Robert Bradbury, Nikolay Kardjilov, Georg F. Dewald, Alessandro Tengattini, Lukas Helfen, Wolfgang G. Zeier, Ingo Manke
Summary: The elucidation of lithium ion transport pathways through a solid electrolyte separator is important for the development of all-solid-state batteries. Neutron imaging was performed on an all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery using an increased Li-6 content in the anode. This allowed for differentiation between the mobile lithium ions diffusing through the cell and those initially located in the solid electrolyte, and demonstrated the lithium ion diffusion through the cell and the distribution of trapped lithium ions in charged and discharged states.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Alexander Ridder, Benedikt Prifling, Andre Hilger, Markus Osenberg, Matthias Weber, Ingo Manke, Kai Peter Birke, Volker Schmidt
Summary: In this paper, cyclically aged lithium-ion batteries are characterized by a statistical 3D microstructure analysis and electrochemical properties. Synchrotron tomography is used to capture the morphology of the cathodes with different state of health. The 3D microstructure is quantitatively characterized by phase-based and particle-based characteristics, and the electrochemical data is correlated with the detected structural changes. This is the most extensive data set of cyclically aged lithium-ion cells including both electrochemical data and 3D structures.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
H. Altaf, T. Milicic, T. Vidakovic-Koch, E. Tsotsas, Alessandro Tengattini, N. Kardjilov, T. Arlt, I. Manke, N. Vorhauer-Huget
Summary: In this study, neutron imaging was used to visualize and study invasion phenomena in fibrous porous transport layers (PTLs) of titanium felt under different flow conditions of gas and liquid phase. The invasion process was characterized by counter-current flow of water and air with joint imbibition and drainage processes. Neutron radiography and tomography were used to visualize the dynamics and study the static gas-liquid distributions. The results showed that the invasion occurred in repeated imbibition/drainage cycles, with frequencies depending on the flow conditions and the PTL structure.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robert Bradbury, Georg F. Dewald, Marvin A. Kraft, Tobias Arlt, Nikolay Kardjilov, Juergen Janek, Ingo Manke, Wolfgang G. Zeier, Saneyuki Ohno
Summary: The low rate-capability of solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries is a major obstacle to their development. Neutron imaging has revealed that sluggish ion transport within the composite cathode is the main reason for this limitation. Furthermore, concentrated lithium near the current collector, discovered through state-of-charge-dependent tomography, indicates a previously overlooked loss mechanism caused by sluggish ion transport.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu-Cheng Gao, Bing Qin, Shao-Meng Wen, Yang You, Jingzhe Xue, Yi-Chen Yin, Zhi-Yuan Ma, Kang Dong, Yu-Feng Meng, Ingo Manke, Si-Chao Zhang, Zhi-Long Yu, Shu-Hong Yu
Summary: This study developed an improved ambient pressure drying strategy to enhance the drying process of freeze-cast ceramics. By exploiting ice etching, ionic cross-linking, and solvent exchange, the strategy can be applied to various ceramic species, metal ions, and freezing techniques. The incorporation of metal ions not only enhances liquid-phase sintering, but also provides customizable coloration and antibacterial properties to the ceramics.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Adam Doherty, Sylvain Fourmaux, Alberto Astolfo, Ralf Ziesche, Jonathan Wood, Oliver Finlay, Wiebe Stolpe, Darren Batey, Ingo Manke, Francois Legare, Matthieu Boone, Dan Symes, Zulfikar Najmudin, Marco Endrizzi, Alessandro Olivo, Silvia Cipiccia
Summary: Laser-plasma accelerators offer compact and embedded betatron X-ray sources with small size and ultrashort pulse length. This paper combines edge illumination-beam tracking technique with a compact plasma X-ray source to demonstrate multimodal imaging down to the femtosecond timescale.
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shenghang Zhang, Fu Sun, Xiaofan Du, Xiaohu Zhang, Lang Huang, Jun Ma, Shanmu Dong, Andre Hilger, Ingo Manke, Longshan Li, Bin Xie, Jiedong Li, Zhiwei Hu, Alexander C. Komarek, Hong-Ji Lin, Chang-Yang Kuo, Chien-Te Chen, Pengxian Han, Gaojie Xu, Zili Cui, Guanglei Cui
Summary: By employing thermal-induced in situ polymerization of lithium perfluoropinacolatoaluminate, a novel interface-compatible and safe single-ion conductive 3D polymer electrolyte (3D-SIPE-LiFPA) has been developed. It is demonstrated that 3D-SIPE-LiFPA promotes the formation of a protective electrode/electrolyte interface and inhibits the dissolution-migration-deposition of transition metals. 3D-SIPE-LiFPA significantly enhances the cycle life and safety of NCM811/Li LMBs.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Se-Ho Kim, Kang Dong, Huan Zhao, Ayman A. El-Zoka, Xuyang Zhou, Eric V. Woods, Finn Giuliani, Ingo Manke, Dierk Raabe, Baptiste Gault
Summary: By utilizing cryo-atom probe tomography, we have identified the degradation mechanisms of the liquid electrolyte, Si electrode, and their interface. The corrosion of the Si anode results from the decomposition of Li salt even before charge-discharge cycles. Volume shrinkage during delithiation leads to the formation of nanograins through recrystallization. These newly formed grain boundaries facilitate the pulverization of nanoscale Si fragments, some of which float in the electrolyte. Phosphorus is segregated to these grain boundaries, confirming the decomposition of the electrolyte. These findings contribute to an understanding of the self-catalyzed/accelerated degradation of Si anodes and can inform the development of new battery designs that are unaffected by these limiting factors.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Ingo Manke, Nikolay Kardjilov, Rainer Schneider, Astrid Haibel, Andrea Denker, Alexander Rack, Andre Hilger, Francisco Garcia-Moreno, John Banhart
Summary: This article provides an overview of the important applications of non-destructive testing methods at Hahn-Meitner-Institut in Berlin.
